Polymerization of [o-(trimethylgermyl)phenyl] acetylene and polymer characterization

[o-(Trimethylgermyl)phenyl]acetylene was polymerized in the presence of WCl₆, W(CO)₆-hv, etc., to give polymers whose weight-average molecular weights reached ca. 7.0 X 10⁵ at the highest. When the MoOCl₄-n-Bu₄Sn-EtOH (1 : 1 : 1) catalyst was used, the polydispersity ratio of the polymer obtained was 1.08, and the number-average molecular weight increased in direct proportion to monomer conversion; these indicate that this polymerization is a living polymerization. The polymer had the structure ? [CH?C(C₆H₄-o-GeMe₃)]_n ? and was a dark purple solid (λ_max = 551 nm, ε_max = 6100 M^-1 cm^-1 in THF) soluble in organic solvents such as toluene and chloroform. The onset temperature of weight loss of the polymer in TGA in air was ca. 230°C, and the glass transition temperature was above 180°C. The Po₂ of the present polymer is 105 barrers—larger than the value of natural rubber and fairly close to that of poly(dimethylsiloxane). © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Polymerization and polymer properties of (p-tert-butyl-o,o-dimethylphenyl)acetylene

(p-tert-Butyl-o,o-dimethylphenyl)acetylene (BDMPA) polymerized in high yields in the presence of W and Mo catalysts. Especially the W(CO)₆–CCl₄–hv catalyst quantitatively produced a polymer totally soluble in toluene and chloroform. The weight-average molecular weight of this polymer exceeded 2 × 10⁶. Poly(BDMPA) was a dark brown solid, and had alternating double bonds along the main chain. The weight loss of the polymer in air occurred only above 300°C, indicating a fairly high thermal stability. A free-standing film could be fabricated by solution casting. The electrical conductivity of the polymer at 25°C was 1 × 10⁻¹³ S cm⁻¹. The oxygen permeability coefficient and the separation factor of O₂ vs. N₂ of the polymer at 25°C were 67 barrers and 3.2, respectively. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Polymerization of [o-n-(perfluorohexyl)phenyl]acetylene and polymer properties

Synthesis, properties, and membrane-separation functions of a novel fluorine-containing poly(phenylacetylene) were examined. The monomer used was [o-n-(perfluorohexyl)phe-nyl]acetylene, which has a rigid rod-like ortho-substituent. Polymers, whose intrinsic vis-cosities ([η]) were ca. 0.4–2.2 dL/g, were obtained in high yields with various W and Mo catalysts. The MoCl₅–Ph₃Sb catalyst achieved the highest [η] of 2.25 dL/g corresponding to an M_w over one million. The polymer was a brown solid soluble only in F -containing solvents such as m-(CF₃)₂C₆H₄. The oxygen permeability coefficient of the polymer mem-brane was 90 barrers, which is the second highest among those of ortho-substituted poly(phenylacetylenes). In the pervaporation of an ethanol–water mixture, the poly-mer membrane showed ethanol permselectivity [α(EtOH/H₂O) = 1.7]. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Crystal Structure of O,O'-Diphenyl N-(o-methylphenyl)-P-toluenesulfonamidomethylphosphonate

1INTR0DUCT10NThederivativesofaaminoph0sphonicacidhaveversatilebiologicalactivities-`13Inordertolookforhighlyeffectiveandselectivenewpesticides,aseriesofdiethyl1-(P-tohienesulfonamido)methylphosphonates1havebeensynthesizedbyathree-com-P0nentreacti0nofp-t0luenesulfonamide,formaldehydeandtriphenylphosphite.t2j'The1HNMRspectraoftheprbductsin-dicatethatthetwohydrogenatoms0ntheaCatomaremagneticallyequivalentwhenthesubstitutedgroupsonNatomareH,CH3andEt02CCHz'However,(R=H.Me,EtO,CCH,,o-me…     

Synthesis of Functional Poly(disubstituted acetylene)s through the Post‐Polymerization Modification Route

We report the recent progress in the preparation of functional poly(disubstituted acetylene)s (PDSAs) through post‐polymerization modification routes. The metathesis polymerization of disubstituted acetylene monomers activated by Mo/W–Sn complex catalysts, which do not tolerate highly polar functionalities, was assumed to be a key step in the polymer synthetic procedures. We and other groups have explored several approaches to prepare PDSAs with latent reactive functionalities, which are inactive to Mo/W–Sn complex catalysts but can be used as highly reactive sites for post‐polymerization modification. Click chemistry, Michael‐type addition reactions, the use of activated esters and other strategies are demonstrated by recently published examples. These works indicate that post‐polymerization modification is an efficient route to the synthesis of various functional PDSAs.     

Polymerization of 1,3,5-trithiane in the solid state initiated by UV-irradiation. I. Polymerization conditions and polymer characterization

The solid-state 1,3,5-trithiane polymerization initiated by UV-irradiation was studied at various irradiation times and various polymerization temperatures. The conversion of monomer to polymer reaches limiting values (at longest) in about 30 min of reaction. The apparent activation energy of this process is somewhat higher than in the chemically initiated polymerization. Generated by UV, active centers, which initiate the polymerization, are stable. On the basis of X-ray diffraction studies it was found that the prepared polythiomethylene has a hexagonal structure and high degree of crystallinity. In the polymer investigated, a new additional crystal phase is formed, which is not stable.     

Polymerization of organized polymer assemblies

Supramolecular chemistry has provided the means by which to selectively assemble small and large molecules into intricate two- and three-dimensional nanostructures. The past 2 years have witnessed considerable increase in extending such self-assembled structures into stable, single macromolecular nano-objects, through intra-assembly covalent bond formation. The selective polymerization of specific domains within organized polymer assemblies allows for the preparation of crosslinked, nanostructured bulk or particulate materials, with a variety of possible morphologies and properties.     

N-（邻甲基苯基）二茂铁磺酰胺的制备、晶体结构及热分解研究

二茂铁磺酰氯与邻甲基苯胺反应合成了N-（邻甲基苯基）二茂铁磺酰胺,通过 元素分析、红外光谱和~1H NMR, ~（13）C NMR对产物结构进行了表征,并对晶体 结构进行了测定。结果表明该化合物为单斜晶系、空间群P2_l/c,晶胞参数a = 1. 0436(2) nm, b = 1.2377(3) nm, c = 1.2643(3) nm, β = 107.42(1)°, V = 1. 5581(6)°, Z = 4, D_c = 1.514 g/cm~3, μ = 1.106 mm~(-1), F(000) = 736, R_1 = 0.0470, wR_2 = 0.0580。采用Gaussian98W软件对此化合物的结构进行了 优化,得到理论结构模型,并与所测量的结构进行了比较。通过热分解实验研究了 该化合物的热稳定性。     

Solution characterization of the novel organometallic polymer poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane)

A series of four well‐defined poly(ferrocenyldimethylsilane) (PFS) samples spanning a molecular weight range of approximately 10,000–100,000 g mol⁻¹ was synthesized by the living anionic polymerization of dimethyl[1]silaferrocenophane initiated with n‐BuLi. The polymers possessed narrow polydispersities and were used to characterize the solution behavior of PFS in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The weight‐average molecular weights (M_w ) of the polymers were determined by low‐angle laser light scattering (LALLS), conventional gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and GPC equipped with a triple detector (refractive index, light scattering, and viscosity). The molecular weight calculated by conventional GPC, with polystyrene standards, underestimated the true value in comparison with LALLS and GPC with the triple detection system. The Mark–Houwink parameter a for PFS in THF was 0.62 (k = 2.5 × 10⁻⁴), which is indicative of fairly marginal polymer–solvent interactions. The scaling exponent between the radius of gyration and M_w was 0.54, also consistent with marginal polymer–solvent interactions for PFS in THF. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 38: 3032–3041, 2000     

Thermodynamic characterization of interpenetrating polymer networks of poly (carbonate-urethane) and poly (methyl methacrylate)

Crosslinked poly (methyl methacrylate) and poly (carbonate-urethane) as well as full interpenetrating network on their base (IPN) were characterized by precise heat capacity measurements in the temperature interval 1.2–150 K. As judged by the positive sign of the excess Gibbs free energy in the whole temperature interval above 30 K, the apparently single-phase state of IPN is thermodynamically unstable; however, its kinetic stability is ensured by permanent chamical crosslinks prohibiting the incipient phase separation. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Thermosensitive polymer (N-isopropylacrylamide) coated nanomagnetic particles: preparation and characterization

Thermosensitive polymer coated nanomagnetic adsorbents were synthesized by seed polymerization using surface modified nanomagnetic particles as the seeds. The Fe3O4 nanomagnetic particles were prepared by chemical precipitation of Fe2+ and Fe3+ salts in the ratio of 1:2 under alkaline and inert condition. The surface of these particles was modified by surfactants to achieve stability against agglomeration. These stable particles were then polymerized using N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) as the main monomer, methylene-bis-acrylamide as the crosslinker and potassium per sulfate as the initiator. The thermosensitive adsorbents were characterized by using transmission electron micrography (TEM) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). TEM showed that the particle remained discrete with a mean diameter of 12 nm. Magnetic measurements revealed that the particles are superparamagnetic only with a decrease of magnetism after binding with the polymer due to the increase in surface spin disorientation. Pure Fe3O4 spinel structure of these nanoparticles was indicated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. The polymerization of NIPAM with the surface modified nanomagnetic particles was confirmed by Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In addition, the adsorption/desorption of BSA molecule on these thermosensitive nanoparticles was investigated as a function of temperature. More than 60% desorption efficiency was achieved under appropriate condition.