共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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随着分析化学所面临的样品性质的复杂程度越来越高,被检测物质的浓度要求越来越低,在色谱及质谱分析前进行准确、高效的样品前处理过程就显得尤为重要。磁性固相萃取法由于其合成方法简单、易于分离、萃取效率高等优点,被认为是一种高效的样品预处理方法。Fe3O4磁性纳米材料由于分离速度快,分散性、生物相容性好等特点,近年来被广泛用于分离分析等各个领域。为了提高Fe3O4磁性纳米材料的物理和化学的稳定性,使其具备更高效的吸附分离能力,需要对其进行功能化的修饰。本文综述了近年来由碳基纳米材料、分子印迹聚合物、离子液体、硼酸亲和配体、金属有机骨架、共价有机骨架、量子点、金属氧化物等功能化磁性纳米材料的制备及其在生物、环境污染物、食品样品等样品前处理中的应用,并对这一领域发展进行了展望。 相似文献
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四氧化三铁(Fe_3O_4)纳米材料因比表面积大、功能基团多、活性强、便于磁性分离等优点,在吸附和分离放射性元素及重金属离子方面显示出了广阔的应用前景。然而,该材料也存在着易团聚、分散性差、化学稳定性差等局限性,这些缺点可通过表面功能化修饰得到大大改善。本文概括了四氧化三铁基纳米复合材料合成方法的特性、优越性和局限性,综述了水体放射性元素及重金属离子污染去除研究中的磁性纳米材料的类型,归纳总结并比较了功能性磁性纳米材料对不同种类的放射性元素及重金属离子的去除能力及优缺点,探讨了四氧化三铁基纳米材料在放射性元素和重金属离子污染去除中的应用并对其机理进行了分析,对功能化磁性纳米材料在去除放射性元素及重金属离子污染水体治理中的应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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蛋白质磷酸化是最重要和最普遍的翻译后修饰之一。基于质谱的技术已成为分析蛋白质磷酸化的重要手段。然而,磷酸化肽固有的低丰度和电离效率以及由非磷酸化肽共存引起的严重抑制使得直接质谱分析仍然是一个挑战。为解决此问题,需在质谱分析前对磷酸化蛋白质进行选择性富集。磁性纳米材料具有良好的磁响应性,可以在外界磁铁的帮助下实现与溶液的迅速分离。功能化磁性纳米材料作为一种新型的分析技术已在蛋白质组学研究中得到广泛的应用。该文就近年来对磁性纳米粒子进行各种功能化修饰以提高其特异性吸附能力的吸附材料在磷酸化肽的富集方面的应用予以综述,并展望了功能化磁性纳米材料在磷酸化肽富集领域的应用前景。 相似文献
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《分析试验室》2017,(8)
磁性复合材料主要包括磁性碳复合材料、磁性聚合物复合材料和磁性金属复合材料等,它们在食品、环境和生物分析等领域具有广泛的应用。作为磁性复合材料的核心部分,磁性纳米粒子(MNPs)具有超顺磁性、高比表面积、化学稳定性和重复利用性等特点,被大量运用于各类磁性复合材料的制备。由于磁性复合材料的多孔性、高吸附能力以及快速分离等特点,MNPs已被广泛应用于生物大分子、小分子和金属离子等的分离分析。本文重点介绍了一些典型的磁性复合材料,并综述了其在包括蛋白质、核酸、染料、农药、多环芳烃、金属离子以及其他污染物等分离分析中的最新研究,为磁性复合材料在分离分析领域的发展提供了理论依据和技术支撑。 相似文献
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磁性纳米颗粒在生物医学领域中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
磁性纳米颗粒作为一种新型纳米材料,在许多领域,特别是在生物医药、生物工程等方面具有广阔的应用前景.本文着重论述了近年来磁性纳米颗粒在生物分离、靶向给药、热疗以及磁共振成像对比剂等方面的应用,并对其应用前景进行了展望. 相似文献
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磁性纳米材料作为新兴的无机功能材料,因其具有与常规材料不同的特殊性质,如高比表面积、强磁响应性、良好的化学稳定性和生物相容性等,被广泛应用在生物合成、生物分离、生物传感器、免疫测定、有机催化、药物传输、数据存储和环境治理等方面。目前合成磁性纳米材料的方法主要有化学共沉降法、高温热分解法、溶胶-凝胶法及热液法等。由于热液法具有条件简易、成本低廉、反应活性高、产率可观和绿色环保等优势,近年来受到了广泛的关注,并已应用在工业生产中。本文根据磁性材料组成与构成方式的不同,综述了热液法合成磁性纳米材料的研究进展。 相似文献
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磁性微纳米材料的功能化及其在食物样品前处理中的应用进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
磁性固相萃取是当前对复杂样品中痕量目标物进行有效分离富集的热门技术,功能化磁性微纳米粒子是该技术应用中的关键材料。本文综述了各种已报道的功能化磁性微纳米材料,总结了包括表面嫁接有机小分子、表面包覆碳或无机氧化物、表面嫁接或包覆聚合物、载体表面或孔道内负载磁性纳米粒子、载体骨架内掺入磁性纳米粒子、物理共混法制备磁性功能材料在内的6种功能化方法,并对功能化磁性微纳米材料在食物样品前处理中的应用进行了简要评述。 相似文献
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磁性离子液体是指能够吸附在磁铁上,在外加磁场作用下具有一定磁化强度的离子液体。本文综述了自2004年磁性离子液体概念提出至今在各领域的应用,其可以催化吡咯、3-甲基噻吩等单体合成导电高分子纳米微球,同时起到溶剂和模板的作用;还可以通过外加磁场调整产物的微观结构和形貌,从而得到不同的纳米结构;它也可以充当Lewis酸催化剂,催化傅克反应等一系列化学反应,并可以回收重复使用,而且回收有望通过磁场简单实现;与碳纳米管以共价键结合可以制备具有磁性的碳纳米管。除此之外,磁性离子液体在光控顺磁性超分子体系、吸收有机挥发物等领域的应用在近年也陆续有报道。 相似文献
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Integration of carboxyl modified magnetic particles and aqueous two-phase extraction for selective separation of proteins 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Both of the magnetic particle adsorption and aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) were simple, fast and low-cost method for protein separation. Selective proteins adsorption by carboxyl modified magnetic particles was investigated according to protein isoelectric point, solution pH and ionic strength. Aqueous two-phase system of PEG/sulphate exhibited selective separation and extraction for proteins before and after magnetic adsorption. The two combination ways, magnetic adsorption followed by ATPE and ATPE followed by magnetic adsorption, for the separation of proteins mixture of lysozyme, bovine serum albumin, trypsin, cytochrome C and myloglobin were discussed and compared. The way of magnetic adsorption followed by ATPE was also applied to human serum separation. 相似文献
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Bernard L. Hirschbein George M. Whitesides 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1982,7(3):157-176
Agarose beads containing immobilized enzymes or affinity ligands have been made magnetically responsive by adsorbing freshly
precipitated magnetite on their surface. These beads are used for affinity adsorption of proteins from complex mixtures containing
suspended solids. The magnetically responsive beads and the unwanted (diamagnetic) solids are then separated by magnetic filtration.
This magnetic adsorption scheme for direct affinity separation of enzymes from mixtures containing suspended solids is compared
with a similar, but nonmagnetic, scheme in which the affinity matrix is supported on fiberglass cloth. The enzyme is allowed
to adsorb in this matrix, and the matrix is simply removed physically from the suspension to achieve separation from the unwanted
solids. The two methods seem comparable in their ability to separate a desired enzymatic activity. The magnetic methods are
technically the more complex of the two, but are significantly the more rapid. The efficiency of separation of diamagnetic
and ferrimagnetic solids in these biological systems by high gradient magnetic filtration is good. 相似文献
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Yingqing Zhan Xinyi Wan Shuangjiang He Bangzui Liu 《Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry》2018,91(6):1009-1017
In this work, we report the development of novel amino-functionalized Fe3O4 hybrid microspheres adsorbent from a facial and one-step solvothermal route by using FeCl3·6H2O as a single iron source and 3-aminophenoxy-phthalonitrile as ource of amino groups. During solvothermal process, the nitrile groups of 3-aminophenoxy-phthalonitrile would bond with the Fe3O4 through the phthalocyanine cyclization reaction to form the amino-functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nano-material, which was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermo-gravimetric analyzer (TGA). From the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, the resulting monodispersed amino-functionalized Fe3O4 hybrid microspheres with the diameters of 180–200 nm were synthesized via the self-assembly process. More importantly, as-prepared Fe3O4 nano-materials with abundant amino groups exhibited high separation efficiency when they were used to remove the Cu(II) from aqueous solutions. Furthermore, the adsorption isotherms of Fe3O4 nano-material for Cu(II) removal fitted the Langmuir isotherm model, in which the calculated maximum adsorption capacity could increase from 5.51 to 16.25 mg g–1 at room temperature. This work demonstrated that the amino-functionalized Fe3O4 magnetic nano-materials were promising as efficient adsorbents for the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater in low concentration. 相似文献
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没食子酸磁性表面分子印迹聚合物的制备与选择性识别性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
羟基苯甲酸类化合物用途广泛,极性较强,在复杂水溶液体系中这些类似物的分离纯化与分析非常困难。 本文以磁性Fe3O4纳米颗粒为载体,没食子酸(GA)为模板分子,制备了磁性表面分子印迹聚合物(MIP)。 利用透射电子显微镜、红外光谱、磁强测定等检测手段对MIP进行了结构表征。 并对其吸附性能进行研究,比较了该MIP对GA及其它3种结构类似物的吸附性能差异。 结果表明,制备的以GA为模板的磁性分子印迹聚合物为核壳球形结构,键合牢固,对GA的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程模型,吸附过程属于Langmuir单分子层吸附。 该聚合物对GA表现出优异的选择性识别能力,其吸附量(318 K时37.736 mg/g)远远高于结构类似物。 该磁性分子印迹聚合物对模板分子不仅具有特异识别能力,而且能够磁控分离,分离效率高,可用于固相萃取。 相似文献
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《Analytical letters》2012,45(17):2635-2656
Chitosan is one of the most abundant natural polysaccharide in nature. Due to its unique properties, chitosan has fascinated the scientific community since its discovery. When modified with other materials and combined with magnetic particles, the resulting composite material, a magnetic chitosan derivative, is provided with three significant characteristics. First, chitosan has excellent properties for preconcentration/extraction, such as adsorption and chelating effects, low cost, and nontoxicity. Second, new functional groups have enhanced the properties of chitosan that include water solubility, stability, recyclability, and enhanced adsorption capacity. Finally, due to the efficient and fast adsorption processes, as well as simple and convenient magnetic separation, the magnetic adsorbents greatly reduce the time of sample handling. In this article, recent synthesis and modification methods of magnetic chitosan derivatives are reviewed along with some applications in analytical separations. 相似文献