共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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本文合成了双核铜(II)和钴(II)配合物,并用动力学方法研究了它们对双-(对硝基苯基)磷酸二酯(BNPP)水解的催化活性。实验结果表明,单去质子化的肟基可以作为反应过程中的分子内亲核剂。双核铜(II)配合物比与其具有相似结构的单核配合物催化底物水解的活性高很多的事实表明,在双核配合物作催化剂的体系中很可能包含两个金属中心的双路易斯酸催化的机理。 相似文献
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邻菲罗啉是一类经典的双氮配体,可与多种过渡金属形成稳定的络合物,被广泛用于催化有机合成反应中。铁系元素(铁、钴、镍)具有自然丰度高、价格低廉、生物兼容性好、催化性能独特等优点,其络合物是理想的备选催化剂。近年来,邻菲罗啉类配体在铁系元素催化的有机反应中得到越来越多的应用,表现出独特的配体效应。在本文中,我们系统梳理了邻菲罗啉类配体在铁系元素催化有机反应中的应用研究进展,并对该领域的未来发展进行了展望。 相似文献
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石化工业最重要的产品是聚烯烃,其中大部分与聚乙烯相关,α-烯烃不仅是重要的共聚单体,也是精细化工的基本原料,乙烯工业发展程度代表了一个国家石化技术的水平。后过渡金属催化剂作为新型催化体系,能够高效催化乙烯齐聚和聚合,并且乙烯聚合可制备新型聚乙烯树脂。通过对配体的修饰,提高后过渡金属配合物催化活性,增加催化体系的热稳定性,仍然是当前催化剂设计的重要课题;实现对所得聚乙烯微观结构的控制,提高聚烯烃宏观性质是产业化的重要基础。本文基于配合物催化剂配体骨架设计为基础,集中讨论了铁、钴和镍配合物用于乙烯聚合和齐聚的性质比较;特别是集中展示了我们近期研究工作,综述了后过渡金属催化剂的新进展。 相似文献
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我们曾研究了Cp_2~′TiCl_2-Pr~iMgBr体系存在下,二苯乙炔的催化加氢反应,为了探讨催化剂结构对反应的影响,本文考察了几种双核钛络合物的催化活性,发现它们能对炔烃的加氢起催化作用,随络合物分子中2个钛原子的靠近,其加氢催化活性明显减小。 相似文献
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金属催化剂是一类重要的工业催化剂,主要包含贵金属及铁、钴、镍等活性组分。本文综述了金属催化剂的分类、镍基双金属催化剂的结构及其在催化反应中的应用。以铁-镍双金属催化剂为代表,介绍了其制备方法,指出了镍基双金属催化剂存在的问题,并对该领域未来的发展方向提出了展望。 相似文献
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磁场对Schiff碱配合物模拟甲烷单加氧酶催化性能的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
生命体中存在许多双金属酶 ,其结构和作用机制目前尚不清楚 ,为了模拟甲烷单加氧酶的催化作用 ,我们将催化活性较高的金属卟啉、稳定性较高的 Schiff碱及双核结构结合起来 ,设计合成了一系列“类卟啉型”Schiff碱双核配合物 ,并将这些双核配合物模拟酶催化亚碘酰苯 (Ph IO)单加氧化环己烷反应 ,发现其催化活性及抗氧化稳定性类似于四芳基金属卟啉 [1~ 3 ] ;还发现在模拟酶催化环己烷氧化反应中双核配合物中的两个金属离子间存在协同作用 [4 ] .外加磁场对一般热化学反应影响较小 [5~ 7] ,而在催化反应中的磁场效应更明显 [5,8] .为了较… 相似文献
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Isidoro Lpez Mehmed Z. Ertem Somnath Maji Jordi Benet‐Buchholz Anke Keidel Uwe Kuhlmann Peter Hildebrandt Christopher J. Cramer Victor S. Batista Antoni Llobet 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2014,126(1):209-213
The homogeneous catalysis of water oxidation by transition‐metal complexes has experienced spectacular development over the last five years. Practical energy‐conversion schemes, however, require robust catalysts with large turnover frequencies. Herein we introduce a new oxidatively rugged and powerful dinuclear water‐oxidation catalyst that is generated by self‐assembly from a mononuclear catalyst during the catalytic process. Our kinetic and DFT computational analysis shows that two interconnected catalytic cycles coexist while the mononuclear system is slowly and irreversibly converted into the more stable dinuclear system: an extremely robust water‐oxidation catalyst that does not decompose over extended periods of time. 相似文献
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Isidoro López Dr. Mehmed Z. Ertem Dr. Somnath Maji Dr. Jordi Benet‐Buchholz Anke Keidel Dr. Uwe Kuhlmann Prof. Peter Hildebrandt Prof. Christopher J. Cramer Prof. Victor S. Batista Prof. Antoni Llobet 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(1):205-209
The homogeneous catalysis of water oxidation by transition‐metal complexes has experienced spectacular development over the last five years. Practical energy‐conversion schemes, however, require robust catalysts with large turnover frequencies. Herein we introduce a new oxidatively rugged and powerful dinuclear water‐oxidation catalyst that is generated by self‐assembly from a mononuclear catalyst during the catalytic process. Our kinetic and DFT computational analysis shows that two interconnected catalytic cycles coexist while the mononuclear system is slowly and irreversibly converted into the more stable dinuclear system: an extremely robust water‐oxidation catalyst that does not decompose over extended periods of time. 相似文献
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In the past decades, the oxidation of hydrocarbons by transition metal complexes has been studied extensively. The current progress of the research on synthetic quasiporphyrin catalysts has led to the development of several systems that are able to reproduce the hene-enzyme mediated oxygenation and oxidation reactions[1]. In our group[2,51, the mononuclear complexes of amino acid Schiff base have been synthesized and their catalytic oxidation has been studied. In this paper, two dinuclear complexes, such as Salicylidence-β-alanine-Co(II)-Cu(II) and Salicylidence-β-alanine-Co(II)Mn(II), were prepared with amino acid Schiff bases and metal ions. In the presence of these dinuclear complexes, cyclohexene was effectively oxidized under 1 atm of molecular oxygen without any coreductants. The allylic hydroperoxide was obtained as an important product, which suggested a clear allylic pathway of oxidation of cyclohexene. 相似文献
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Masakatsu Shibasaki Hiroaki Sasai Takayoshi Arai 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》1997,36(12):1236-1256
This review focuses on a new concept in catalytic asymmetric reactions that was first realized for the use of heterobimetallic complexes. As these heterobimetallic complexes function as both a Brønsted base and as a Lewis acid, just like an enzyme, they make possible a variety of efficient catalytic asymmetric reactions. This heterobimetallic concept should prove to be applicable to a variety of new asymmetric catalyses. The first part of this review describes the development of rare-earth–alkali metal complexes such as LnM3tris(binaphthoxide) complexes (LnMB, Ln = rare-earth metal, M = alkali metal), which are readily prepared from the corresponding rare-earth trichlorides or rare-earth isopropoxides, and their application to catalytic asymmetric synthesis. By using a catalytic amount of LnMB complexes several asymmetric reactions proceed efficiently to give the corresponding desired products in up to 98% ee: LnLB-catalyzed asymmetric nitroaldol reactions (L = Li), LnSB-catalyzed asymmetric Michael reactions (S ? Na), and LnPB-catalyzed asymmetric hydrophosphonylations of either imines or aldehydes (P ? K). Applications of these heterobimetallic catalysts to the syntheses of several biologically and medicinally important compounds are also described. Spectral analyses and computational simulations of the asymmetric reactions catalyzed by the heterobimetallic complexes reveal that the two different metals play different roles to enhance the reactivity of both reaction partners and to position them. From mechanistic considerations, a useful activation of the heterobimetallic catalyses was realized by addition of alkali metal reagents. The second part describes the development of another type of heterobimetallic catalysts featuring Group 13 elements such as Al and Ga as the central metal. Among them, the AlLibis(binaphthoxide) complex (ALB) is an effective catalyst for asymmetric Michael reactions, tandem Michael–aldol reactions, and hydrophosphonylation of aldehydes. 相似文献
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Mekmouche Y Hummel H Ho RY Que L Schünemann V Thomas F Trautwein AX Lebrun C Gorgy K Leprêtre JC Collomb MN Deronzier A Fontecave M Ménage S 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2002,8(5):1196-1204
Peroxoiron species have been proposed to be involved in catalytic cycles of iron-dependent oxygenases and in some cases as the active intermediates during oxygen-transfer reactions. The catalytic properties of a mononuclear iron complex, [Fe(II)(pb)(2)(CH(3)CN)(2)] (pb=(-)4,5-pinene-2,2'-bipyridine), have been compared to those of its related dinuclear analogue. Each system generates specific peroxo adducts, which are responsible for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides. The dinuclear catalyst was found to be more reactive and (enantio)selective than its mononuclear counterpart, suggesting that a second metal site affords specific advantages for stereoselective catalysis. These results might help for the design of future enantioselective iron catalysts. 相似文献
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《中国化学快报》2023,34(1):107146
Bimetallic catalysts usually exhibit better performance than monometallic catalysts due to synergistic effect. However, there is a lack of exploring the synergistic effect on catalytic performance caused by the introduction of inactive metal ion. In this work, we design a molecular model system that can precisely regulate the metal site number and catalytic property. When these molecular metal compounds are used as homogeneous catalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction, the dinuclear heterometallic CuNi-L2 shows the highest CO2-to-CO conversion, which is 2.1 and 3.0 times higher than that of dinuclear homometallic Ni2-L2 and mononuclear Ni-L1. Density functional theory calculations demonstrate that, in CuNi-L2, the introduction of inactive CuII is easier to promote the photo-generated electrons transferring to the coupled active NiII site to achieve the highest activity. In addition, this work also provides insights to design and construct more efficient bimetallic catalysts in future. 相似文献
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《Journal of Molecular Catalysis #》1994,86(1-3):179-204
The synthesis, characterization and catalytic properties of new materials obtained by reaction of organometallic complexes of groups IIb, IVa, and VIa with the surface of metallic particles are reviewed. Two types of materials may be obtained by surface organometallic chemistry on metals: metal particles covered with organometallic fragments, and bimetallic particles of predetermined composition. Characterization of the organometallic fragments on the metal particles has demonstrated their thermal stability. These particles covered with surface organometallic fragments are new catalytic materials, highly selective in several reactions such as the hydrogenation of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, ethyl pyruvate, nitrobenzene, acrylonitrile, and olefins. The bimetallic particles without organometallic fragments are also highly active and selective for a variety of reactions such as hydrogenolysis of various alkanes and hydrogenolysis of esters. For these systems, the concept of “site isolation” has been advanced to account for the high selectivity of the reactions. 相似文献
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Neal P. Mankad 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(17):5822-5829
An emerging area of homogeneous catalysis is the use of catalysts featuring two closely associated metal sites. This approach complements the traditional focus on single‐site catalysts and makes available new parameters with which to optimize catalytic behavior. Single‐site catalysts are optimized through changing 1) the identity of the metal, and 2) the steric and electronic properties of the ligands. Bimetallic catalysts introduce new optimization parameters such as 3) catalyst nuclearity (mononuclear vs. binuclear), and 4) bimetallic pairing (relative compatibility of two metal sites). In order to harness these new optimization parameters in developing systems, it is necessary to first understand the origin of bimetallic selectivity effects that already have been documented. This Concept article highlights bimetallic effects on the chemo‐, regio‐, and stereoselectivity of catalytic transformations, using selected case studies from the recent literature as illustrative examples. 相似文献
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Zhong R Wang YN Guo XQ Chen ZX Hou XF 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2011,17(39):11041-11051
A salicylaldiminato imidazolium salt that bears both a Schiff base and imidazolium salt moiety was used to synthesize heterometallic compounds that could serve as multifunctional catalysts in certain reactions. The successful preparation of seven mononuclear compounds with a variety of transition metals (Pd, Ir, Ru, Zn, Ni) illustrated the high versatility of this class of ligands, which is crucial for the design of catalysts. Synthesis of homodinuclear compounds and heterotrinuclear compounds provided practical methods to connect multiple metal fragments through these ligands. The heterotrinuclear complex (Ni/Ir) was employed as a catalyst in the reaction of dehalogenation/transfer hydrogenation of halo-acetophenones. The preliminary catalytic study showed that this heterometallic species is more active than a combination of the corresponding monometallic species. 相似文献