地磁流体方程的近似惯性流形

本文考虑地磁流体方程,在二维情形下,我们构造了地磁流体方程的近似惯性流形。     

一种自由界面追踪的模板化VOF方法

发展了一种模板化的volume-of-fluid (VOF)方法．该方法根据自由界面的法向建立一个模板,然后由已知的网格单元上的流体体积比值确定出自由界面的准确位置,使得在二维情形下一个网格单元被自由界面切割的形式只有3种．另一方面,引入了单元边流体占有长度的概念,在此基础上建立了一个统一的流体占有面积模型,可以使得自由界面输运方程的求解有统一的算法．该方法不受网格单元形式的限制,并且容易推广到三维情形．算例表明,该方法能保证自由界面的跟踪精度．     

带自由液面粘性流体运动的最小二乘有限元模拟

给出了一种求解带自由液面流体运动的数值方法．流体运动的Navier-Stokes方程应用最小二乘有限元进行离散,有限差分法用来进行时间推进．采用Lagrange方法描述网格．将模型的计算结果与二维矩形和三维圆柱形坝溃的实验结果进行了对比．计算得到的时间历程与实验结果十分吻合,验证了最小二乘有限元在此类问题中应用的可能性．     

非线性对流扩散方程的逆风型差分格式

§1 对流扩散方程可以用来描述水中和大气中污染物质的分布、流体流动和流体中的传热等,以上均有对流扩散的特征。数值求解对流扩散方程很重要,近年来工作不少,如[1,2]。我们考虑二维非线性对流扩散方程的初边值问题     

非线性对流扩散方程的逆风型差分格式

§1 对流扩散方程可以用来描述水中和大气中污染物质的分布、流体流动和流体中的传热等,以上均有对流扩散的特征。数值求解对流扩散方程很重要,近年来工作不少,如[1,2]。我们考虑二维非线性对流扩散方程的初边值问题     

分数阶量子力学下的二维无限深方势阱

分数阶量子力学是标准量子力学的一种推广,由包含分数阶Riesz导数的空间分数阶Schr?dinger方程所描述.该文考虑了在二维无限深方势阱中运动的自由粒子,利用Lévy路径积分传播子,得到了在二维无限深方势阱内运动粒子的波函数和能量本征值.此外,运用Lévy路径积分摄动技术,得到了在δ函数摄动下的二维无限深方势阱区域内运动粒子的能量依赖格林函数.     

二维非齐次不可压缩Navier-Stokes/Vlasov-Fokker-Planck方程组的渐近分析

研究了二维空间中非齐次不可压缩Navier-Stokes/Vlasov-Fokker-Planck方程组的渐近分析,此模型用于塑造流体-粒子的相互作用.运用紧性方法得到ρ~ε,u~ε的强收敛,最终得到由关于粒子宏观密度的对流-扩散方程及不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程组成的极限方程组.本文将相关文献的结果推广到非齐次不可压缩的情形.     

高阶广义KDV方程和KP方程的数值解法

采用一种线性隐格式来解3-阶和5-阶的广义Korteweg-De Vries(KDV)方程,对这种方法做一推广,就能应用到它的二维形式广义Kadomtsew-Petviashvili(KP)方程．这种方法是无条件稳定的,且是无损耗的．数值实验描述了一个线性孤波运动的情形以及两个孤波交互的情形,从结果来看,它们满足孤立子解的两个守恒-动量守恒和能量守恒．     

非齐次二维Burgers方程的非自相似黎曼解的奇性结构

该文研究了二维非齐次Burgers方程Riemann问题的激波解和稀疏波解之间相互作用的全局奇性结构及其演化,其中初值被两个相离的圆隔开并分成三片常数.首先得到了由初值间断发出的激波解和稀疏波解的表达式;其次,讨论了这些激波和稀疏波的相互作用,并发现了一些新现象,其与齐次情形相比,激波和稀疏波能一直相互作用,相互作用的时间没有使得结构发生改变的临界值;最后构造了非自相似解的全局结构,并发现了有别于齐次情形的渐近行为,即基本波区域的直径是有界的.     

深分层流体中内孤立波的相互作用——Ⅰ.弱相互作用 *

采用Lagrange观点研究分层流体中内孤立波的弱相互作用,它包括不同模式孤立波间的追撞和迎撞,以及相同模式孤立波间的迎撞.分析表明在有限深度情形每个波遵循ILW方程,而在无限深度情形每个波满足Benjamin-Ono方程,相互作用的主要效应体现在相移上.     

Oblique Interactions between Internal Solitary Waves

In this paper, we study the oblique interaction of weakly, nonlinear, long internal gravity waves in both shallow and deep fluids. The interaction is classified as weak when where Δ₁=|c_m/c_n?cosδ|, Δ₂=|c_n/c_m?cosδ|,c_m,n, are the linear, long wave speeds for waves with mode numbers m, n, δ is the angle between the respective propagation directions, and α measures the wave amplitude. In this case, each wave is governed by its own Kortweg-de Vries (KdV) equation for a shallow fluid, or intermediate long-wave (ILW) equation for a deep fluid, and the main effect of the interaction is an 0(α) phase shift. A strong interaction (I) occurs when Δ_1,2 are 0(α), and this case is governed by two coupled Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equations for a shallow fluid, or two coupled two-dimensional ILW equations for deep fluids. A strong interaction (II) occurs when Δ₁ is 0(α), and (or vice versa), and in this case, each wave is governed by its own KdV equation for a shallow fluid, or ILW equation for a deep fluid. The main effect of the interaction is that the phase shift associated with Δ₁ leads to a local distortion of the wave speed of the mode n. When the interacting waves belong to the same mode (i.e., m = n) the general results simplify and we show that for a weak interaction the phase shift for obliquely interacting waves is always negative (positive) for (1/2+cosδ)>0(<0), while the interaction term always has the same polarity as the interacting waves.     

Three-Dimensional Water Waves

We study the evolution of small-amplitude water waves when the fluid motion is three dimensional. An isotropic pseudodifferential equation that governs the evolution of the free surface of a fluid with arbitrary, uniform depth is derived. It is shown to reduce to the Benney-Luke equation, the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation, the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation, and to the nonlinear shallow water theory in the appropriate limits. We compute, numerically, doubly periodic solutions to this equation. In the weakly two-dimensional long wave limit, the computed patterns and nonlinear dispersion relations agree well with those of the doubly periodic theta function solutions to the KP equation. These solutions correspond to traveling hexagonal wave patterns, and they have been compared with experimental measurements by Hammack, Scheffner, and Segur. In the fully two-dimensional long wave case, the solutions deviate considerably from those of KP, indicating the limitation of that equation. In the finite depth case, both resonant and nonresonant traveling wave patterns are obtained.     

分层流体中的二维代数孤立波及其垂向结构

研究具有自由面的,上部为浅层的大深度分层流体中代数孤立波,考察其垂向结构所对应的本征值问题,给出了二维Benjamin-Ono方程的一个解析解,并根据色散关系作了物理解释．作为数值例子,研究了具有Holmboe型密度分布的密跃层结构的特殊情形,并用射线理论探讨了这种内波的传播机制．     

Internal Solitary Waves

The expansion procedure introduced by Benney (1966) for weakly nonlinear, planar shallow-water waves is used to provide an alternative derivation of the more general results of Benjamin (1966) for shallow fluid layers possessing arbitrary vertical stratification and horizontal shear. New solutions that include the effects of both shear and stratification are presented. The evolution equation for slowly varying cylindrical solitary waves traveling in a density-stratified fluid is found using two-timing techniques. Not surprisingly, one obtains the same coefficients for the nonlinear and dispersive terms as in the planar case. In the limit for uniform density it is shown that the free-surface evolution equation of Miles (1978) for axisymmetric Boussinesq waves is recovered.     

Un résultat de stabilité pour les solutions faibles des équations des fluides tournants

We study the limit of the periodic, incompressible, rotating fluid equations, as the Coriolis force goes to infinity: in the case of well-prepared initial data in L², the weak solutions converge to the solution of a two-dimensional, incompressible Navier-Stokes equation. We also prove that the rotating fluid equations are globally well-posed under an appropriate assumption on the oscillating part of the initial data.     

Wave front tracing and asymptotic stability of planar travelling waves for a two-dimensional shallow river model

The propagation of surface water waves in a frictional channel with a uniformly inclined bed is governed by a two-dimensional shallow river model. In this paper, we consider the time-asymptotic stability of weak planar travelling waves for a two-dimensional shallow river model with Darcy's law. We derive an effective parabolic equation to analyze the wave front motion. By employing weighted energy estimates, we show that weak planar travelling waves are time-asymptotically stable under sufficiently small perturbations.     

Anisotropic transient wave motions in a conducting fluid under uniform magnetic and current fields

An initial value investigation into the development of two-dimensional anisotropic surface waves generated by a harmonically oscillating pressure distribution acting on the undisturbed free surface of an inviscid, incompressible homogeneous and electrically conducting fluid is made in this paper in considerable detail. The problem is solved by the use of generalized function treatment in conjunction with asymptotic methods. An asymptotic solution of the problem related to some physically realistic pressure distributions is presented. It is shown that an ultimate steady state is set up in the limit. Two limiting cases such as (i) very deep fluid and (ii) very shallow fluid, which are of particular interest have been examined with some emphasis. Finally, the effects of the imposed magnetic and current fields as well as the surface tension on the wave motions has been examined in some detail. Additionally, it is shown that the present method of solution provides an interesting example of the applicability of the generalized function method in problems of magnetohydrodynamics     

A Higher-Order Internal Wave Model Accounting for Large Bathymetric Variations

A higher-order strongly nonlinear model is derived to describe the evolution of large amplitude internal waves over arbitrary bathymetric variations in a two-layer system where the upper layer is shallow while the lower layer is comparable to the characteristic wavelength. The new system of nonlinear evolution equations with variable coefficients is a generalization of the deep configuration model proposed by Choi and Camassa [ 1 ] and accounts for both a higher-order approximation to pressure coupling between the two layers and the effects of rapidly varying bottom variation. Motivated by the work of Rosales and Papanicolaou [ 2 ], an averaging technique is applied to the system for weakly nonlinear long internal waves propagating over periodic bottom topography. It is shown that the system reduces to an effective Intermediate Long Wave (ILW) equation, in contrast to the Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation derived for the surface wave case.     

Resonant Interactions between Vortical Flows and Water Waves. Part I: Deep Water

Any weak, steady vortical flow is a solution to leading order of the inviscid fluid equations with a free surface, so long as this flow has horizontal streamlines coinciding with the undisturbed free surface. This work considers the propagation of irrotational surface gravity waves when such a vortical flow is present. In particular, when the vortical flow and the irrotational surface waves are both periodic, resonant interactions can occur between the various components of the flow. The periodic vortical component of the flow is proposed as a model for more complicated vortical flows that would affect surface waves in the ocean, such as the turbulence in the wake of a ship. These resonant interactions are studied in two dimensions, both in the limit of deep water (Part I) and shallow water (Part II). For deep water, the resonant set of surface waves is governed by “triad-like” ordinary differential equations for the wave amplitudes, whose coefficients depend on the underlying rotational flow. These coefficients are calculated explicitly and the stability of various configurations of waves is discussed. The effect of three dimensionality is also briefly mentioned.