磁场对具有压力梯度的低频振荡自然对流的影响

研究了磁场对具有非定常压力梯度的振荡自然对流的影响．假设流体是在两平行板内流动．由于在航天材料中的重要性，重点研究在微重力作用下由于矿振荡器诱发的低频振荡自然对流．得到了在非定常磁场下的振荡流体的一般解．还给出了一些特殊的振荡流和对作用磁场的响应．发现振荡流的性质依赖于频率、驱动浮力的振幅、温度梯度、磁场、壁面的导电情况．当没有磁场时，浮力在驱动流体振荡中起主导作用，并且速度的大小还受温度梯度的影响．为了控制振荡流，可以应用外磁场．还发现：当壁面是导体时，速度的减小与作用磁场的平方成反比；当壁面是绝缘体时，速度的减小与作用磁场成反比．一些详细的计算结果反映了真实的状态．     

强场中电子的经典行为

研究了圆偏振强激光在等离子体中产生的自生磁场及注入电子在由激光场和自生磁场构成的混合场中的经典行为.圆偏振强激光在等离子体中传播时,因逆Faraday效应,方向平行于传播方向的准静态磁场被激发.推出相对论情况下的自生磁场方程,并以此研究了自生磁场的特性.当电子或电子束注入激光脉冲,则电子将受到激光场和自生磁场的作用,满足共振条件的电子能得到加速.得出电子能量方程并计算了能量随时间的变化,就一种特殊情况计算了电子在混合场中的动力学行     

场论教材中两个问题的商榷

<正> 一、关于通量的一个定理关于矢量场的通量有一个在应用上较重要的结论:在矢量场A内,有向曲面在散度为零的范围内任意连续变形,其通量不变。这在我们目前通用的教材——矢量分析与场论(谢树艺编,高教出版社)第一版中叙述得不够完全,而且证明也有局限性。参看该书32页推论4,本文给出上述结论一个新的证明。     

开闭磁场位形中慢激波的传播 *

用一个二维MHD数值模型 ,数值模拟研究了慢激波在近太阳子午面内开磁场和闭磁场中的传播 .结果表明 :开磁场中的慢激波可以保持其慢激波的特性传向行星际空间 ,但闭场中的慢激波在通过盔形电流片向开放形磁场传播时可以转化为中间激波 .     

论n=2情形下的V.I.Arnold问题

§1.前言 V.I.Arnold于1976年曾提出如下的问题:如果一个矢量场是由具有固定次数、带有有理系数的多项式来给定,那末要问是否能给出一个判定准则的算法来定出此矢量场中之驻定点的稳定性?众所周知,这是著名的所研究的运动稳定性     

局部G-凸空间内的广义矢量拟平衡问题

在局部G-凸空间内引入和研究了几类广义矢量拟平衡问题(GVQEP)．包含了大多数广义矢量平衡问题,广义矢量变分不等式问题,拟平衡问题和拟变分不等式问题作为特殊情形．首先在局部G-凸空间内对一人对策证明了一个平衡存在性定理．作为应用,在非紧局部G-凸空间内对GVQEP的解建立了某些新的存在定理．这些结果和论证方法与最近文献中的结果和论证方法相比较是新的和完全不同的．     

全国各地市1998年高考模拟试题汇编

五、立体几何（选择、填空题）１．下列命题中,正确的是（）（Ａ）如果一个平面经过另一个平面的一条垂线,那么这两个平面互相垂直．（Ｂ）如果一个平面内两条直线都平行于另一平面,那么这两个平面平行．（Ｃ）如果两条直线都平行于同一平面,那么这两条直线平行．（Ｄ...     

矢量场方向导数和时标正则曲线

研究了一类参数方程的曲线，其参变量表示为所谓时标（time scale），该时标是所有实数的集的一个任意闭子集．引入了相应于矢量场的方向导数．     

拓扑方法在叶栅三元流场分析中的应用(Ⅰ)——表面摩擦力线和截面流线的拓扑法则

文中基于Lighthill和Hunt等的工作,建立了适用于分析叶栅表面摩擦力线和截面流线图的拓扑法则.这些法则是:1)对于不带围带的动叶栅,每个节距范围内的表面摩擦力矢量场中的总结点数等于总鞍点数;2)对于叶片端部无间隙的环形叶栅或直列叶栅,每个节距内表面摩擦力矢量场中的总鞍点数比总结点数多两个;3)在叶栅横截面的二次流场中,总鞍点数比总结点数少一个;4)在贯穿流道的子午截面和前后缘截面上的截面流线矢量场中,总的结点数等于总的鞍点数;5)在叶栅跨叶片截面中,截面流线矢量场的总结点数比总鞍点数少一个.     

有涨落效应的磁流体静力学关系——局部展开

本文采用局部展开的方法,分析了湍流近似条件下的磁流体静力学关系。对于涨落的、平均的动量守恒和磁感应方程,都得到了可以自洽的湍流场关系。与普通的静力学关系相比,湍流场引进的力包括与平均场平行和垂直分量的力1/(4π)(a⁽¹⁾×B_0)×B₀,以及与平均场垂直的由湍流边值引进的力1/(4π)k×B₀。对于二维磁场位形,基本方程可化为一个二阶椭圆型方程,其中包括由涨落场引进的一些线性和非线性项。湍流场使磁场位形改变,可使位形非均匀剪切。在许多天体物理环境中都观测到湍流场,因此研究湍流场的影响是重要的。     

An electrically conducting sphere in a three-dimensional, alternating magnetic field

The electrical vector and scalar potential as well as the underlyinginduced eddy current density of a conducting sphere exposedto an external, time-varying magnetic field are calculated.The external magnetic field is assumed to be generated by sinusoidallyalternating current density distributions. Admitting arbitrarythree-dimensional current density fields, this paper extendsprevious results on this subject. Among other things, thesecalculations prove that in a sphere there is no radial componentof the induced eddy current density field. As an applicationof these results the impedance and power absorption of the sphereare derived. The impedance is the key for the contactless, inductivemeasurement of the electrical conductivity of metallic melts.     

Geodesic vector fields and Eikonal equation on a Riemannian manifold

In this paper, we study the impact of geodesic vector fields (vector fields whose trajectories are geodesics) on the geometry of a Riemannian manifold. Since, Killing vector fields of constant lengths on a Riemannian manifold are geodesic vector fields, leads to the question of finding sufficient conditions for a geodesic vector field to be Killing. In this paper, we show that a lower bound on the Ricci curvature of the Riemannian manifold in the direction of geodesic vector field gives a sufficient condition for the geodesic vector field to be Killing. Also, we use a geodesic vector field on a 3-dimensional complete simply connected Riemannian manifold to find sufficient conditions to be isometric to a 3-sphere. We find a characterization of an Einstein manifold using a Killing vector field. Finally, it has been observed that a major source of geodesic vector fields is provided by solutions of Eikonal equations on a Riemannian manifold and we obtain a characterization of the Euclidean space using an Eikonal equation.     

Heisenberg groups—A unifying structure of signal theory, holography and quantum information theory

Vector fields in three-space admit bundles of internal variables such as a Heisenberg algebra bundle. Information transmission along field lines of vector fields is described by a wave linked to the Schrödinger representation in the realm of time-frequency analysis. The preservation of local information causes geometric optics and a quantization scheme. A natural circle bundle models quantum information visualized by holographic methods. Features of this setting are applied to magnetic resonance imaging.     

Conformal vector fields on Finsler spaces

Here, it is shown that every vector field on a Finsler space which keeps geodesic circles invariant is conformal. A necessary and sufficient condition for a vector field to keep geodesic circles invariant, known as concircular vector fields, is obtained. This leads to a significant definition of concircular vector fields on a Finsler space. Finally, complete Finsler spaces admitting a special conformal vector field are classified.     

Conformal vector fields on spacetimes

We study conformal vector fields and their zeros on spacetimes which are non-conformally-flat. Depending on the Petrov type, we classify all conformal vector fields with zeros. The problems of reducing a conformal vector field to a homothetic vector field are considered. We show that a spacetime admitting a proper homothetic vector field is (locally) a plane wave. This precises a well-known theorem of {Alekseevski}, where all these spacetimes are determined in a more general form.     

The vector integral-equation method for computing three-dimensional magnetic fields

The vector integral-equation method for computing three-dimensional, quasistatic magnetic fields is developed with a view to its application to configurations of the type that occur in magnetic recording. Starting from appropriate Green-type vector integral relations for the magnetic-field quantities, the relevant integral equations are derived. Their numerical handling is briefly discussed.     

Thermo-magneto-dynamic stresses and perturbation of magnetic field vector in a non-homogeneous hollow cylinder

An analytical method is presented to investigate thermo-magneto-elastic stresses and perturbation of the magnetic field vector in a conducting non-homogeneous hollow cylinder under thermal shock. The interaction between the deformation and the magnetic field vector in a non-homogeneous hollow cylinder is considered by adding a Lorentz’s electro-magneto-force into the equation of thermo-elastic motion of the non-homogeneous hollow cylinder in an axial magnetic field. The exact solution for magneto-thermo-dynamic stresses and perturbation responses of an axial magnetic field vector in a conducting non-homogeneous hollow cylinder was obtained by using finite integral transforms. From numerical calculations, the dynamic characteristics on both thermo-magneto-stresses and perturbation of the axial magnetic field vector in the conducting non-homogeneous hollow cylinder is revealed and discussed.     

Conformal vector fields with respect to the Sasaki metric tensor

The purpose of this article is to characterize conformal vector fields with respect to the Sasaki metric tensor field on the tangent bundle of a Riemannian manifold of dimension at least three. In particular, if the manifold in question is compact, it is found that the only conformal vector fields are Killing vector fields.     

Student's t Vector Random Fields with Power-Law and Log-Law Decaying Direct and Cross Covariances

This article deals with the Student's t vector random field, which is formulated as a scale mixture of Gaussian vector random fields, and whose finite-dimensional distributions decay in power-law and have heavy tails. There are two classes of Student's t vector random fields, one with second-order moments, and the other without a second-order moment. A Cauchy vector random field is an example of Student's t vector random fields without a first-order moment, and is also an example of Stable vector random fields. A second-order Student's t vector random field allows for any given correlation structure, just as a Gaussian vector random field does. We propose four types of covariance matrix structures for second-order Student's t vector random fields, which decay in power-law or log-law.     

The energy of Hopf vector fields

The 3-dimensional Hopf vector field is shown to be a stable harmonic section of the unit tangent bundle. In contrast, higher dimensional Hopf vector fields are unstable harmonic sections; indeed, there is a natural variation through smooth unit vector fields which is locally energy-decreasing, and whose asymptotic limit is a singular vector field of finite energy. This energy is explicitly calculated, and conjectured to be the infimum of the energy functional over all smooth unit vector fields. Received: 17 March 1999