用于谷胱甘肽检测的新型罗丹明衍生物荧光探针EI北大核心CSCD

合成了一种反应型近红外荧光探针N-Rh-GSH,该探针以罗丹明衍生物为荧光母体,通过与谷胱甘肽(GSH)作用触发螺环的开关来实现信号的响应,其开环释放的荧光产物具有760 nm的近红外发射波长。细胞实验表明,该探针可实现对活细胞中GSH的成像。     

荧光探针在半胱氨酸检测的应用

半胱氨酸(Cys)是三种生物硫醇之一,是20种天然氨基酸中唯一一种含还原性巯基的天然氨基酸,是组成细胞内多肽和蛋白质的基本氨基酸之一。其参与体内细胞的氧化还原调控,调节体内氧化还原平衡,维持机体正常代谢,在生理过程中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而体内的Cys浓度水平异常会引起一系列生理疾病,体内的Cys浓度作为几种疾病的生物标志物具有临床意义。因此有效地识别和检测半胱氨酸受到越来越多的研究者们的青睐。相较传统检测方法,荧光探针因其操作简单、灵敏度高、响应迅速和实时检测等优点,已被广泛用于检测生物硫醇。本文基于常见荧光团的结构性能特征,综述了近三年来检测Cys的荧光探针,重点概述了其传感机制,并对其生物应用进行了简要说明,展望了未来Cys探针的研究方向与应用前景。     

一种新型极酸性pH荧光探针的合成及应用EI北大核心CSCD

设计并合成了一种适用于极酸性环境的pH荧光探针。以咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶作为电子受体,酚噻嗪衍生物作为电子供体,通过共轭结构连接,合成pH荧光探针Feno。该探针pKa为3.68,具有对H^(+)的高选择性响应,良好的光稳定性和抗各种金属离子和生物活性物质干扰的能力,共聚焦激光扫描显微镜图像显示该探针具有出色的细胞膜渗透性。探针Feno已成功应用于监测人宫颈癌细胞(HeLa)和大肠杆菌中极酸性环境的pH波动。     

一种红光发射的粘度荧光探针

以三苯胺和苯并噻唑盐为原料,设计合成了一种具有红光发射特性的D-π-A型荧光粘度探针N-乙酸乙酯基-2-(4-甲酸甲酯基三苯胺-4'-乙烯基)苯并噻唑六氟磷酸盐(L),运用现代分析测试手段进行了系统地表征。 研究结果表明,探针L的最大发射波长为630 nm,能有效地降低生物背景,提高生物成像的信噪比。 该探针对粘度有很好的荧光响应,其荧光强度比值(I/I₀)的对数与粘度的对数呈现很好的线性关系(R²=0.9934)。 此外,探针L对极性的敏感性小,且荧光信号不受生物分子的干扰。 生物学研究结果表明,探针L具有低的细胞毒性,可应用于细胞内微环境粘度的荧光成像。     

苯并噻唑类硫化氢荧光探针的合成及应用EI北大核心CSCD

基于光诱导电子转移(PET)机理,以7-硝基-2,1,3-苯并恶二唑为识别基团,苯并噻唑染料为信号表达基团,合成一种荧光增强型的硫化氢荧光探针。经光谱学测试和生物学细胞实验证实,相对于其他测试物质(CO2-3,F-,Cl-,Br-,I-,H2PO-4,NO-3,OAc-,HCO-3,SO2-4,SO2-3,Cl O-,Ca^(2+),Cu^(2+),Mg^(2+),Zn^(2+)),该探针对H2S呈现出良好的选择性和灵敏度。当H2S加入到探针溶液后,溶液呈现出蓝色荧光,在467 nm荧光强度显著增强,同时,加标回收实验证实,探针1可以有效地应用于实际样品中硫化氢的性质分析和测定,具有潜在的实际应用价值。     

一种基于罗丹明类染料的汞(Ⅱ)荧光探针的研究EI北大核心CSCD

设计并合成了一种以罗丹明B为基础的Hg^(2+)荧光探针:3',6'-双(二乙基氨基)-2-(-2-1,3,3-三甲基二氢吲哚-2-甲基)氨基)螺[异二氢吲哚-1,9'-呫吨]-3-酮(L1)。在乙醇和水50:50(V:V)的体系中,探针L1对Hg^(2+)表现出高的选择性,当加入10倍当量的Hg^(2+)时,荧光强度增加大约60倍。另外当加入一定量的Hg^(2+)后,可以裸眼观察到溶液颜色由无色变为粉红色。Hg^(2+)浓度在0.80~10μmol/L的范围内具有良好的线性关系,检出限为0.37μmol/L。溶液中除Cu^(2+)之外的其它金属离子对Hg^(2+)的测量几乎没有干扰,探针对Hg^(2+)的检测具有良好的选择性。光谱滴定表明,Hg^(2+)与探针L1形成1:1配合物,同时对该探针进行了实际应用,可用来检测自来水等样品中Hg^(2+)的含量。     

一种用于检测气态甲醛的新型荧光探针

甲醛是一种常见的挥发性有机物（VOC）,当其浓度达到一定水平时,会对人体健康产生危害,如刺激眼和鼻黏膜、引起咽喉疼痛、咳嗽和气喘等。长期接触甲醛会对人体造成严重损害。为此,我们设计合成了一种荧光探针TF（4-肼基-1,8-萘基-1,2-苯并咪唑）,TF的肼基团可以识别甲醛,并通过与甲醛的羰基部分缩合形成腙的反应实现甲醛的检测。TF显示出较高的灵敏性和选择性。此外,为了直接检测气态的甲醛,我们利用TF制备了荧光试纸,探究其在甲醛定性检测中的应用,同时还探究了一种简易监测装置用于室内甲醛的定量测量。     

氧化石墨烯/适配体-量子点荧光探针用于ATP检测EI北大核心CSCD

利用量子点标记技术,通过生物偶联方式,以无毒的In P/Zn S表面标记上ATP适配体(ABA-QD)为荧光团,氧化石墨烯(GO)为猝灭剂,二者组装成GO/ABA-QD纳米荧光探针,QD与GO之间产生长程共振能量转移(LrRET),量子点荧光猝灭。当ATP存在时,ATP适配体与其特异结合,构象改变,量子点从GO表面分离,二者之间的荧光共振能量转移被打断,量子点荧光恢复,通过荧光"开"方式检测ATP,检测ATP的检测限为40 nmol/L,线性范围为0.1~30μmol/L。该新型检测ATP的方法对肿瘤的发生、疾病的诊断以及活细胞原位成像等具有重要的意义。     

基于苯并吡喃腈的激活型半胱氨酸荧光探针

设计并合成了基于苯并吡喃腈为母体单元的近红外激活型荧光探针(E)-2-(苯并吡喃腈基)乙烯基-5-(二乙氨基)丙烯酸苯酯(DCM-AC),其结构中的丙烯酰酯键作为氨基酸激活反应的响应基团。 研究结果表明,探针分子DCM-AC对半胱氨酸具有高灵敏、选择性光谱响应,不仅能观察到明显的颜色变化,而且探针在710 nm处的荧光发射强度显著增强,相应的荧光增强比值与半胱氨酸的浓度(1.0~8.0 μmol/L)呈现良好的线性关系。 探针DCM-AC对半胱氨酸的检出限为2.8×10^-7 mol/L,能选择性检测半胱氨酸区别于结构类似的高半胱氨酸和谷胱甘肽,且不受其它氨基酸物质干扰。 通过质谱、核磁和紫外吸收光谱研究了DCM-AC检测半胱氨酸的反应激活机理:半胱氨酸先通过巯基与DCM-AC上的丙烯酰酯双键发生亲核加成,然后环化脱除内酰胺环状化合物。     

TaqMan-分子灯标：一种新型的荧光基因检测探针

在TaqMan及分子灯标的基础上开发了一类新型的均相荧光检测探针—— TaqMan-分子灯标(TaqMan-MB)，该探针集合了分子灯标的发夹结构及TaqMan探针降 解作用的工作原理，使检测效果更好．与实时PCR仪联用，可用于靶基因的定量检 测．     

A chloroacetate based ratiometric fluorescent probe for cysteine detection in biosystems

The specific detection of cysteine (Cys) over homocysteine (Hcy), glutathione (GSH) and other amino acids is of great significance for studying its biological functions as well as for the diagnosis of related diseases. Chloroacetyl group was often used as a reaction site for cysteine fluorescent probes for its sensitivity and selectivity. However, high background fluorescence and low stability are common problems encountered by such probes. Here, four chloroacetyl group based fluorescent probes (C1, C2, C3, and H4) was synthesized for a comparative study. We found that the inefficient quenching ability of chloroacetyl group turned into an advantage when connected with a ratiometric fluorophore. With the modification of chloroacetyl group, probe H4 displayed excellent ratiometric property and great selectivity for Cys, the stability was also improved. Additionally, the probe was successfully applied for quantitative detection of Cys in fetal bovine serum and real-time imaging in living HeLa cells with low toxicity.     

A novel AIEE and EISPT fluorescent probe for selective detection of cysteine

We designed and synthesized a simple and readily available fluorescent probe 3 for cysteine (Cys) based on naphthalene derivative. The probe is composed of a new class of aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) active dye 2 based on excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) and an acrylate group as the Cys recognition unit as well as the ESIPT blocking agent, which can be cut off by Cys from the probe in aqueous solution with mild conditions. The probe had great sensitivity and selectivity for the detection of Cys over homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH) with a detection limit of 0.05 µM. In addition, we have successfully applied the probe for bioimaging studies of Cys in living cells, indicating that the probe holds great potential for biological applications.     

A novel off-on fluorescent probe for specific detection and imaging of cysteine in live cells and in vivo

Cysteine(Cys) plays a pivotal role in many physiological and pathological processes,including detoxification and protein synthesis.The abnormal levels of Cys are linked to many diseases.In this study,a novel red-emitting off-on fluorescent probe Cys-TCF was masterly constructed for discriminative detection of Cys.After a series of experimental assessment,Cys-TCF displayed higher selectivity and sensitivity for Cys over other biothilols with a low detection limit(0.04 μmol/L).More notably,the pro...     

A novel fluorescent probe with a large stokes shift for cysteine based on dicyanoisophorone

In this work, a dicyanoisophorone-based turn-on fluorescent probe, DCIP, for highly selective and sensitive detection of cysteine was designed based on nucleophilic substitution mechanism. Moreover, compared with typical cysteine probes, DCIP showed great selectivity and sensitivity for cysteine over other amino acids including the similar structured homocysteine (Hcy) and glutathione (GSH). Further, the detection limit toward cysteine was calculated to be as low as 0.70?μM. In addition, the utility of DCIP as a bioanalytical molecular tool was demonstrated by fluorescence imaging of biothiols in living cells.     

A novel HPQ-based turn-on fluorescent probe for detection of fluoride ions in living cells

2-(2′-Hydroxyphenyl)-4(3H)-quinazolinone (HPQ) has been reported as a precipitating fluorescent molecule with excellent optical properties, such as large Stokes shift and strong fluorescence intensity. HPQF, a novel HPQ-based turn-on probe for localizable detection of fluoride ions, was designed, synthesized and fully characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS. As a chemogenic fluoride probe, the tert-butyldiphenylsilane moiety of HPQF can be easily cleaved by fluoride. After spontaneous 1,6-elimination, HPQ molecule was generated to emit fluorescence under the excitation light. Further study shows that HPQF exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity for detection of fluoride. In addition, HPQF was utilized for the detection of fluoride in living cells.     

A novel rhodamine-based turn-on probe for fluorescent detection of Au3+ and colorimetric detection of Cu2+

In this work, we design and synthesize the novel probe RC through introduction the 1-aza-4,13-dithia-15-crown-5 ring into the structure of rhodamine 6G hydrazide, where the N atom of crown ring is responsible for quenching of rhodamine fluorescence. The compound obtained behaves as multifunctional cation sensor providing selective fluorescent response to Au³⁺ and selective colorimetric response to Cu²⁺ ions in aqueous acetonitrile (1/1, v/v) at pH 7.0. The use of 10^?5?M RC solution allowed reliable determination of target cations in the presence of a wide range of environmentally relevant ions with detection limits of 2?×?10^?6?M and 5?×?10^?7?M for gold and copper, respectively.     

A proximity-induced covalent fluorescent probe for selective detection of bromodomain 4

Through proximity-induced conjugation reaction, a peptide-based fluorescent probe was designed and synthesized for selective detection of bromodomain 4.     

A turn on ESIPT probe for rapid and ratiometric fluorogenic detection of homocysteine and cysteine in water with live cell-imaging

5(Benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-hydroxyisophthalaldehyde (BHI), an intense ESIPT containing molecule in mixed media loses its properties due to resonance-assisted H-bond (RAHB) in absolute water. Due to resonance-assisted H-bond the o-aldehyde is more reactive than the other one. With addition of cysteine/homocysteine into this solution the o-aldehyde group gets transformed into thiazolidine/thiazine ring, respectively, and the phenolic proton becomes free enough for transfer to nitrogen of the benzothiazole ring in excited state, that is, the ESIPT of BHI is turned on. Thus we can detect cysteine/homocysteine in water as well as in live cells.     

Near-Infrared mitochondria-targeted fluorescent probe for cysteine based on difluoroboron curcuminoid derivatives

A highly selective dual-channel NIR fl uorescent probe (DFB1) based on curcuminoid difl uoroboron is developed for discrimination Cys over GSH, Hcy and other amino acids in mitochondria of living cells.     

A boronate-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for fast selective detection of peroxynitrite

Given that peroxynitrite (ONOO^?) is profoundly associated with health and diseases, a new fluorescent probe ABT was designed and synthesized for detection of ONOO^?. ABT manifested not only ratiometric fluorescence signals simultaneously in response to concentrations of ONOO^? (within 10?s), but high selectivity and sensitivity towards ONOO^? over other physiological relevant species (detection limit?=?26.3?nM). Moreover, ABT worked in a broad pH range with biological relevance. Thus, ABT could be used to quantitative detection of ONOO^? concentration and has the potential to efficiently monitor ONOO^? in living organisms.