共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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利用水热反应模拟原始地球的水热环境, 以甘油和磷酸二氢铵为原料, 采用非生物手段合成了sn-甘油-1(3)-磷酸和甘油-2-磷酸2种磷酸酯类物质. 通过此反应, 无机磷进入生物分子形成了在生物体中起重要作用C—O—P键. 研究了反应温度、 反应时间及矿物催化剂对反应的影响. 在蒙脱土的催化下, C—O—P键的产率最大可达到1.15%(摩尔分数). 相似文献
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氰基广泛存在药物活性分子中,且氰基可以很容易转化成酰胺、酯基、醛基以及伯胺等官能团,因此有机分子的氰烷基/甲基化反应得到有机和药学研究者的广泛关注。尽管已有合成策略可以选择性引入氰基,近年来最有效的方法是通过C—H键激活直接与乙腈或取代乙腈发生氰甲基/氰烷基化反应,因其具有高效的原子经济性以及可规避预官能团化等优点。因此,本文详细评述了自由基促进的氰甲基化、光化学催化直接氰甲基化、芳环或杂环脱氢偶联氰甲基化、导向基促进的氰甲基化、本课题组发展的荧光团(Fluorophore C—H)直接氰甲基化反应的研究进展。 相似文献
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1,2,3-三氮唑化合物是一类具有重要生理活性的含氮杂环化合物, 其在医药、农药、材料科学等领域都具有广泛的应用. 不断开发基于三氮唑骨架的新型结构, 寻找新型高效的合成三氮唑衍生物的方法具有重要的意义和应用价值. 过渡金属催化的C—H键活化策略具有操作简便、效率高、三废少等优点, 是现代有机合成中高效构筑C—C键和C—X键的强大工具. 近年来, 过渡金属催化的三氮唑导向的C—H官能团化反应受到科学工作者的广泛关注, 该方法以不同结构的1,2,3-三氮唑作为导向基团, 在不同反应条件下通过直接活化C—H键来构建新的C—C键和C—X键, 高效合成复杂的三氮唑衍生物. 综述了近年来1,2,3-三氮唑导向下过渡金属催化的C—H键官能团化反应研究进展, 按照成键类型(碳-碳键、碳-杂键以及环化反应)对这些反应进行了梳理和总结, 并对今后该领域的发展进行了展望. 相似文献
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近年来,可见光促进的光化学有机转化引起了广大有机化学家的兴趣.相比于传统方法,利用可见光作为可再生能源的光氧化还原催化已被证明是一种温和而强大的工具,可以通过单电子转移(SET)过程促进有机分子的活化.在许多天然产物的结构中存在大量的氨基功能团,同时氨基也是一些药物分子和功能材料的重要结构单元.因此,通过对这些物质分子中的C—N键进行活化而进行C—C键形成的偶联反应,则可以对该类化合物进行有效的结构修饰,从而得到具有多种结构及功能化的化合物.因此,这方面的研究现已成为了有机合成的一个重要研究领域.综述了近年来通过可见光促进C—N键断裂及其在C—C键形成反应研究中的应用研究成果,讨论了代表性的例子及其反应机制. 相似文献
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几种手性季铵盐-卟啉化合物的合成 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
几种手性季铵盐-卟啉化合物的合成刘彦钦,韩士田,郄文娟,谢虹(河北师范学院化学系,石家在,050091)关键词手性,季铵盐,卟啉,合成近年来,将金属卟啉配合物用来模拟细胞色素P450已进行了大量工作[1,2]。在细胞色素P450不对称诱导机理研究中,... 相似文献
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Dr. Wei Zhong Dr. Zhaofu Fei Dr. Rosario Scopelliti Prof. Dr. Paul J. Dyson 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(34):12138-12144
Reaction of the pentamethylcyclopentadienyl rhodium iodide dimer [Cp*RhI2]2 with 1,1′‐diphenyl‐3,3′‐methylenediimidazolium diiodide in non‐alcohol solvents, in the presence of base, led to the formation of bis‐carbene complex [Cp*Rh(bis‐NHC)I]I (bis‐NHC=1,1′‐diphenyl‐4,4′‐methylenediimidazoline‐5,5′‐diylidene). In contrast, when employing alcohols as the solvent in the same reaction, cleavage of a methylene C?N bond is observed, affording ether‐functionalized (cyclometalated) carbene ligands coordinated to the metal center and the concomitant formation of complexes with a coordinated imidazole ligand. Studies employing other 1,1′‐diimidazolium salts indicate that the cyclometalation step is a prerequisite for the activation/scission of the C?N bond and, based on additional experimental data, a SN2 mechanism for the reaction is tentatively proposed. 相似文献
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Ze‐Kun Yang Dong‐Yu Wang Hiroki Minami Hiroyuki Ogawa Takashi Ozaki Dr. Tatsuo Saito Dr. Kazunori Miyamoto Dr. Chao Wang Prof. Dr. Masanobu Uchiyama 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(44):15693-15699
Various aryl‐, alkenyl‐, and/or alkyllithium species reacted smoothly with aryl and/or benzyl ethers with cleavage of the inert C?O bond to afford cross‐coupled products, catalyzed by commercially available [Ni(cod)2] (cod=1,5‐cyclooctadiene) catalysts with N‐heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands. Furthermore, the coupling reaction between the aryllithium compounds and aryl ammonium salts proceeded under mild conditions with C?N bond cleavage in the presence of a [Pd(PPh3)2Cl2] catalyst. These methods enable selective sequential functionalizations of arenes having both C?N and C?O bonds in one pot. 相似文献
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《化学:亚洲杂志》2017,12(2):239-247
Five bis(quinolylmethyl)‐(1H ‐indolylmethyl)amine (BQIA) compounds, that is, {(quinol‐8‐yl‐CH2)2NCH2(3‐Br‐1H ‐indol‐2‐yl)} ( L1H ) and {[(8‐R3‐quinol‐2‐yl)CH2]2NCH(R2)[3‐R1‐1H ‐indol‐2‐yl]} ( L2–5H ) ( L2H : R1=Br, R2=H, R3=H; L3H : R1=Br, R2=H, R3=i Pr; L4H : R1=H, R2=CH3, R3=i Pr; L5H : R1=H, R2=n Bu, R3=i Pr) were synthesized and used to prepare calcium complexes. The reactions of L1–5H with silylamido calcium precursors (Ca[N(SiMe2R)2]2(THF)2, R=Me or H) at room temperature gave heteroleptic products ( L1, 2 )CaN(SiMe3)2 ( 1 , 2 ), ( L3, 4 )CaN(SiHMe2)2 ( 3 a , 4 a ) and homoleptic complexes ( L3, 5 )2Ca ( D3 , D5 ). NMR and X‐ray analyses proved that these calcium complexes were stabilized through Ca⋅⋅⋅C−Si, Ca⋅⋅⋅H−Si or Ca⋅⋅⋅H−C agostic interactions. Unexpectedly, calcium complexes (( L3–5 )CaN(SiMe3)2) bearing more sterically encumbered ligands of the same type were extremely unstable and underwent C−N bond cleavage processes as a consequence of intramolecular C−H bond activation, leading to the exclusive formation of (E )‐1,2‐bis(8‐isopropylquinol‐2‐yl)ethane. 相似文献
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Luis E. Seijas Cesar H. Zambrano Vladimir Rodríguez Jorge Alí-Torres Luis Rincn F. Javier Torres 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(21)
The C–X bond cleavage in different methyl halides (CH3X; X = Cl, Br, I) mediated by 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole-bis(dimethylglyoximate)cobalt(II) (CoIICbx) was theoretically investigated in the present work. An SN2-like mechanism was considered to simulate the chemical process where the cobalt atom acts as the nucleophile and the halogen as the leaving group. The reaction path was computed by means of the intrinsic reaction coordinate method and analyzed in detail through the reaction force formalism, the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), and the calculation of one-electron density derived quantities, such as the source function (SF) and the spin density. A thorough comparison of the results with those obtained in the same reaction occurring in presence of 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole-bis(dimethylglyoximate)cobalt(I) (CoICbx) was conducted to reveal the main differences between the two cases. The reactions mediated by CoIICbx were observed to be endothermic and possess higher activation energies in contrast to the reactions where the CoICbx complex is present. The latter was supported by the reaction force results, which suggest a relationship between the activation energy and the ionization potentials of the different nucleophiles present in the cleavage reaction. Moreover, the SF results indicates that the lower axial ligand (i.e., 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole) exclusively participates on the first stage of the reaction mediated by the CoIICbx complex, while for the CoICbx case, it appears to have an important role along the whole process. Finally, the QTAIM charge analysis indicates that oxidation of the cobalt atom occurs in both cases; at the same time, it suggests the formation of an uncommon two-center one-electron bond in the CoIICbx case. The latter was confirmed by means of electron localization calculations, which resulted in a larger electron count at the Co–C interatomic region for the CoICbx case upon comparison with its CoIICbx counterpart. 相似文献
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A novel radical‐based approach for the iron‐catalyzed selective cleavage of acetal‐derived alkylsilyl peroxides, followed by the formation of a carbon–carbon bond is reported. The reaction proceeds under mild reaction conditions and exhibits a broad substrate scope with respect to the acetal moiety and the carbon electrophile. Mechanistic studies suggest that the present reaction proceeds through a free‐radical process involving carbon radicals generated by the homolytic cleavage of a carbon–carbon bond within the acetal moiety. A synthetic application of this method to sugar‐derived alkylsilyl peroxides is also described. 相似文献