高斯势垒/阱作用下非局域矢量光孤子 的传输特性

非局域非线性介质中高斯势垒或势阱作用下矢量光孤子的传输特性,由具有高斯型线性势的耦合非局域非线性薛定谔方程描述,通过平方算子法对方程进行数值计算,并利用分步法仿真矢量光孤子的传输.在非局域非线性大块介质中,异相位矢量孤子的分量总是自发地分离,高斯势垒可以抑制分量间的排斥作用;同相位矢量孤子的分量则总是自发地融合,高斯势阱可以抑制分量间的吸引作用.通过定量分析势垒高度(或势阱深度)或宽度与矢量孤子两个分量在归一化传输距离为500处的间距之间的关系,发现如果势垒(或势阱)的高度(或深度)及宽度太大或太小,高斯线性势都不能抑制这一过程,甚至会恶化矢量光孤子的传输.对于异相位孤子,最有效抑制分量分离过程的高斯势垒设置是高度为1.10,宽度为1.00;对于同相位孤子,最有效抑制分量融合过程的高斯势阱应设置是深度为-1.50,宽度为1.00.研究结果可为全光开关、光逻辑门、光计算等光控光技术提供参考.     

Compton散射下多信道平面光波导的空间光孤子开关

应用量子微扰理论和多光子非线性Compton散射模型,对Compton散射下多信道平面光波导的空间光孤子开关进行了研究.结果表明:在横向具有正弦形周期折射率调制的非线性平面光波导的多信道系统中,原先束缚在一个信道中的孤子可以靠由入射和散射光形成的耦合控制光点,通过交叉相位调制横向吸引孤子波束,使孤子从原信道切换到邻近信道,从而实现光孤子开关的功能.控制光点可由耦合光在势谷之间的横向聚焦来实现.散射既能使控制光点的有效强度的阈值和孤子的辐射损耗增大,势垒增高,幅度下降较小,有利于孤子开关的形成;又能使波束展宽较宽,并存在开关被破坏的危险.由此可见,Compton散射下恰当控制入射激光强度是实现孤子开关的关键.     

添加势垒(阱)对光孤子在自聚焦克尔介质中传输的操控作用

为了操控在非线性克尔介质中传输的光孤子,以薛定谔方程为模型,采用分步傅里叶数值模拟的方法,分别研究了在非线性自聚焦克尔介质中添加高斯势垒、高斯势阱、Scarf-Ⅱ势垒(阱)和周期势垒(阱)后,光孤子在非线性克尔介质中的传输情况.通过改变势垒(阱)的高度(深度)、高斯势垒(阱)和Scarf-Ⅱ势垒(阱)的宽度,或者周期性势垒的周期,可实现对光孤子的操控.随着参数取值的不同,光孤子在传输中出现了反射、隧穿、周期性摆动、直线传播、分裂、光强增大等不同的现象.研究结果可为光开关和光控光技术提供参考.     

排斥抛物势中相互作用时空调控的超冷玻色气体孤子的反射、局域、穿越与振荡行为操控

考虑原子间相互作用随时间变化，首先基于Darboux变换法，得到一维无量纲的非线性薛定谔方程的孤子解，发现排斥抛物势中超冷原子之间随时间呈指数增加（减小）的相互作用对孤子有一个阻力（推力）作用。然后，利用直接数值模拟的方法研究了排斥抛物势中相互作用时空调控的超冷玻色气体孤子动力学行为，发现：当原子间相互作用不变时，存在一个临界速率；当原子间相互作用随空间坐标变化时，不但孤子的临界局域速率会变小，而且即使初始速率为0，孤子也可穿过势垒，并产生一个周期性振荡行为，振荡周期可通过改变囚禁频率和原子间相互作用来调控。相关结果可为超冷玻色气体在量子信息方面的应用提供一定的参考。     

基于PT对称高斯势的孤子单向散射的操控

本文运用数值模拟的方法讨论在PT对称高斯势中孤子的散射问题,包括演化动力学,孤子振幅和质心位置的传输动力学以及PT对称高斯势对孤子单向散射特性的影响.结果表明在一定的参数范围内,单个孤子或孤子串的散射都能展现出单向流的特性,并且可以通过适当地调节PT对称高斯势的参数来实现孤子单向散射的操控.     

外势场作用下的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚啁啾孤子的演化与操控

提出了一种处理玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚啁啾孤子动力学的拓展变分方法,深入研究了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚孤子在周期势与抛物势联合作用下的动力学演化,利用拓展变分法给出了解析处理,并和基于分步傅里叶变换的直接数值法进行比较,发现这种拓展变分方法能够充分揭示上述外势场中的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚啁啾孤子的动力学行为和特征．同时给出了能支持多稳定晶格囚禁玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚啁啾孤子的周期势与抛物势强度比值的临界值和一种通过控制外势场可有选择地移动玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚啁啾孤子的操控方法,这为玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实验和应用研究提供了理论参 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 Gross-Pitaevskii方程 啁啾孤子 操控     

局域单PT对称势中多级孤子的传输特性研究

具有Parity-Time(PT)对称性的光学系统是近年提出的一种新型光学结构,在光开关、光子信息处理器件等方面具有潜在的应用。研究了局域单PT对称光学系统中双级孤子和三级孤子的存在范围与稳定特性。研究结果表明:多级孤子存在一临界传播常数,传播常数对应了线性模下的本征值。双级孤子和三级孤子仅能在较深的PT对称势中才能稳定地传输。多级孤子的稳定性的范围随着PT对称势的深度增加而扩大;孤子的能量随着传播常数的增大而增加,但随着PT对称势的调制深度的增加而减少。     

Parity-Time对称Scarff势中多级孤子的传输特性

研究了线性情况,自聚焦和自散焦非线性情况下Parity-Time对称Scarff复合势中二级孤子和三级孤子的存在与稳定性.对于线性情况,数值得到了不同调制深度下的Parity-Time对称Scarff复合势中的Parity-Time对称破坏点、本征值和多级线性模.对于非线性情况,研究了自聚焦与自散焦介质中的二级孤子和三级孤子的存在与稳定性.研究结果表明:对于确定的调制深度,二级线性模和三级线性模的本征值恰好等于相应的调制深度下二级孤子和三级孤子存在的临界传播常数b_c.在自聚焦与自散焦介质中,多级孤子能稳定存在于靠近临界传播常数b_c的区域.     

宇称-时间对称Scarff势中基态孤子的传输特性研究

为了研究宇称-时间对称(parity-time)对称,简称PT对称, Scarff复合势中基态孤子的传输特性,采用了有限差分法数值求解了PT对称Scarff复合势中的线性情况,自聚焦和自散焦非线性情形。数值得到了线性情况下不同势深度中的PT对称破坏点、特征值和特征函数。也得到了非线性情况下自聚焦与自散焦介质中的基态孤子的传输特性。研究结果表明:基态线性模的本征值恰好等于相同调制深度的基态孤子存在时的临界传播常数,基态孤子能稳定存在于整个自散焦煤质和自聚焦煤质中的低能区域。PT对称Scarff复合势的这些特性在光开关领域有一定的应用前景。     

带有非对称双阱势的氢键链中的扭结孤子激发

阻尼和外电场的作用使得带有非对称双阱势的氢键链存在扭结孤子激发.计算了孤子的迁移率,它包含了φ⁴链的结果 关键词： 氢键链 非对称双阱势 扭结孤子 迁移率     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.