~(142—146,148,150)Nd~ 同位素位移的共线快离子束激光光谱学实验研究

原子光谱中 ,同位素位移是少数几个能够将原子物理学和原子核物理学这两个不同的物理学分支联系起来的课题之一 .本文利用共线快离子束 激光光谱学方法 ,测量了正一价钕离子所有 7个稳定同位素 (A =142— 146 ,148,15 0 )之间的能量位移 .与已有的结果比较 ,测量精度提高了一个数量级     

原子光谱中同位素位移和超精细结构分裂

利用共线快离子束-激光光谱学方法测量了钕离子所有7个稳定同位素(A=142～146,148,150)之间的同位素位移和两个奇同位素(A=143,145)的超精细结构分裂．     

同位素位移实验测量

利用光栅光谱仪测量了氢－氘灯谱线的同位素位移。利用具有高分辨、选择性激发等特点的共线快离子束－激光光谱学方法测量了^142-146,148,150Nd^ 同位素位移，结合King-plot和理论计算得到质量位移、场位移和特殊质量位移。     

LaⅡ5d2 1G4→4f5d 1F3超精 细结构光谱测量

利用少有的共线快离子激光光谱学方法研究了LaⅡ的超精细结构,测量了5d² < sup>1G₄态→4f5d ¹F₃态的超精细结构光谱,分 别得出了相应的磁偶极矩和电四极矩的超精细相互作用常数. 关键词： 共线快离子束激光光谱学 超精细结构 共振激发     

快离子束光谱学介绍

一引言 传统的光谱学,由于光源技术的局限,半个世纪以来受到了很大的限制.自从可调频激光技术引人光谱学,以及快离子束光源用作研究高离化态和多重激发态的新型光源之后,古老的光谱学又获得了新生. 快离子束光源包括束箔、束-气体和束-激光光源三种形式.它们是让由加速器加速的离子束分别穿过一个固体薄箔、气体池或激光束来使离子束中的离子激发,从而在以后的飞行路程中退激发光的.用它们作为光源来研究原子和分子结构的光谱学方法称为快离子束光谱学.由于光源的激发机制不同,与传统的光谱学相比,快离子束光谱学具有以下几个突出的特点: (1…     

钕离子同位素移位和超精细结构光谱

原子光谱中,同位素移位和超精细结构光谱是少数几个能够将原子物理和原子核物理这两个不同的物理分支联系起来的课题之一.利用共线快离子束-激光光谱学方法测量了单电荷态钕离子4f45d6G3/2→(26041)°5/2跃迁(波长577.21 nm)的共振光谱,得到了所有7个稳定同位素(A=142～146,148,150)之间的能量移位和2个奇同位素(A=143,145)的超精细结构光谱.     

143,145Nd+ 4f45d6K\-9/2→(23229.991)o\-9/2跃迁超精细结构光谱

利用共线快离子束-激光光谱学方法测量了143,145Nd+ 6K\-9/2→(23229.991)o\-9/2跃迁的超精细结构光谱,得到了上、下能级的超精细相互作用常数.     

141Pr+波长56908 nm谱线超精细结构测量

利用共线快离子束-激光高分辨光谱学测量了141Pr+波长为56908nm谱线的超精细结构光谱，由此得到超精细相互作用常数和参与跃迁激发态、亚稳态能级的超精细能级分裂-与已有的数据比较，在实验误差范围内一致，但测量精度提高了一个数量级- 关键词： 超精细结构 快离子束-激光光谱学 磁偶极矩和电四极矩超精细作用常数     

~(143,145)Nd~+4f~45d~6K_(9/2)→(23229.991)_(9/2)~o跃迁超精细结构光谱

利用共线快离子束 激光光谱学方法测量了1 4 3 ,1 4 5Nd+6K9/ 2 → (2 32 2 9.991 ) o9/ 2 跃迁的超精细结构光谱 ,得到了上、下能级的超精细相互作用常数 .     

143,145Nd+4f45d6K9/2→(23229.991)o9/2跃迁超精细结构光谱

利用共线快离子束-激光光谱学方法测量了^143,145Nd⁺⁶K_9/2→(23229.991)^o_9/2跃迁的超精细结构光谱,得到了上、下能级的超精细相互作用常数.     

Rubidium isotope shifts and hyperfine structure by two-photon spectroscopy with a multi-mode laser

The technique of two-photon laser spectroscopy without Doppler broadening is applied to atomic rubidium vapor. The hyperfine splitting and isotope shifts of several highly excited states are measured. We demonstrate the suitability of a tunable laser source oscillating simultaneously in many longitudinal modes for two-photon spectroscopy.     

Nuclear ground state properties from optical investigations

Recent progress in on-line techniques of laser spectroscopy applied to nuclei far off stability is reviewed. The results concern nuclear spins, moments and charge radii, determined from hyperfine structure and isotope shift of atomic transitions. Examples of large core polarizations in the Cd-In-Sn region, derived from isotope shifts, and the octupole deformation in the Ra region, derived from ground state spins and magnetic moments, are discussed.     

Nuclear effects in atomic transitions

Atomic electrons are sensitive to the properties of the nucleus they are bound to, such as nuclear mass, charge distribution, spin, magnetisation distribution, or even excited level scheme. These nuclear parameters are reflected in the atomic transition energies. A very precise determination of atomic spectra may thus reveal information about the nucleus, otherwise hardly accessible via nuclear physics experiments. This work reviews theoretical and experimental aspects of the nuclear effects that can be identified in atomic structure data. An introduction to the theory of isotope shifts and hyperfine splitting of atomic spectra is given, together with an overview of the typical experimental techniques used in high-precision atomic spectroscopy. More exotic effects at the borderline between atomic and nuclear physics, such as parity violation in atomic transitions due to the weak interaction, or nuclear polarisation and nuclear excitation by electron capture, are also addressed.     

Fast-ion-beam laser probing of ion-source energy distributions and atomic structure

Collinear fast-ion-beam laser spectroscopy is a very high resolution probe for measuring ion-beam energy distributions and atomic structure parameters of interest in nuclear physics, atomic physics, and astrophysics. We have used offline 10-keV beams of atomic ions and a CW laser system to study the behavior of a Penning ion source and to measure hyperfine structure, isotope shifts, atomic lifetimes, spontaneous-emission branching fractions, oscillator strengths, and absolute wavelengths of a variety of atomic species from the lanthanide and transition-metal groups.     

Laser spectroscopy of the bismuth isotopes

Isotope shifts and hyperfine structures of the bismuth isotope chain have been studied on the 306.7 nm line in off-line measurements using gas cell laser spectroscopy and atomic beam spectroscopy. The changes in nuclear mean square charge radii and the nuclear magnetic and spectroscopic quadrupole moments have been deduced. The neutron-rich isotopes are the first isotones of Pb to be measured immediately above the N=126 shell closure. A remarkable correspondence between the nuclear charge radii of the Bi and Pb isotope chains is demonstrated by a King Plot analysis. The relationship between nuclear shapes and the charge radii can be understood in the framework of the spherical shell model using few-nucleon configurations. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

A novel method to measure the isotope shifts and hyperfine splittings of all ytterbium isotopes for a 399-nm transition

We report the experimental results on measuring the isotope shifts and hyperfine splittings of all ytterbium isotopes for a 399-nm transition by using a quite simple and novel method.It benefits from the advantages of the modulation transfer spectroscopy in an ytterbium hollow cathode lamp and the Doppler-free spectroscopy in a collimated ytterbium atomic beam.The key technique in this experiment is simultaneously measuring the frequency separations of the two spectra twice,and the separation difference between two measurements is solely determined by the well-defined frequency of an acousto-optics modulator.Compared with the most of previously reported experimental results,ours are more accurate and completed,which will provide the useful information for developing a more accurate theoretical model to describe the interaction inside an ytterbium atom.     

Early onset of ground state deformation in neutron deficient polonium isotopes

In-source resonant ionization laser spectroscopy of the even-A polonium isotopes (192-210,216,218)Po has been performed using the 6p(3)7s (5)S(2) to 6p(3)7p (5)P(2) (λ=843.38 nm) transition in the polonium atom (Po-I) at the CERN ISOLDE facility. The comparison of the measured isotope shifts in (200-210)Po with a previous data set allows us to test for the first time recent large-scale atomic calculations that are essential to extract the changes in the mean-square charge radius of the atomic nucleus. When going to lighter masses, a surprisingly large and early departure from sphericity is observed, which is only partly reproduced by beyond mean field calculations.     

光谱分析方法在同位素检测中的研究和应用进展

同位素在核工业为主的各种工业生产中受到广泛的关注,并推动着地质学、材料科学、化学等相关学科的发展。近年来,基于光谱分析原理的同位素分析方法的开发逐渐受到关注。虽然多接收杯电感耦合等离子体质谱（MC-ICP-MS）、热电离质谱（TIMS）和气体同位素质谱（IRMS）等质谱技术是同位素分析的标准方法,但是这些质谱方法通常需要复杂的样品前处理流程以及频繁的仪器维护。光谱分析方法在这些方面有着自身独特优势,甚至可以满足现场实时快速的同位素分析,并在核工业同位素分析和传统稳定同位素分析领域已经取得了日益广泛的应用。随着光谱仪器关键部件和数据处理方法的进一步发展,极大地改善了光谱法同位素分析的性能（灵敏度、分辨率和精密度）,使光谱分析方法被逐渐开发并应用于环境和地质同位素分析领域。综述了光谱分析方法在同位素分析（定量或定性）领域的主要进展,从光谱分析原理的角度归类为发射光谱（原子发射、分子发射、拉曼光谱）和吸收光谱（原子吸收、分子吸收）两大类。着重讨论了光谱法进行同位素分析的基本原理、发展历程以及重要进展,简述了与质谱法相比的优缺点。针对仍然有待突破的技术难点,展望了光谱法应用于同位素分析的发展前景。该综述可为光谱分析方法在同位素检测中的发展方向提供重要参考。