Justification of a quasistationary approximation for the Stefan problem

Unique solvability of the one-phase Stefan problem with a small multiplier ε at the time derivative in the equation is proved on a certain time interval independent of ε for ε ∈ (0, ε₀). The solution to the Stefan problem is compared with the solution to the Hele-Show problem, which describes the process of melting materials with zero specific heat ε and can be regarded as a quasistationary approximation for the Stefan problem. It is shown that the difference of the solutions has order . This provides a justification of the quasistationary approximation. Bibliography: 23 titles. __________ Translated from Zapiski Nauchnykh Seminarov POMI, Vol. 348, 2007, pp. 209–253.     

Finite element approximation of a nonlinear cross-diffusion population model

Summary. We consider a fully discrete finite element approximation of the nonlinear cross-diffusion population model: Find u_i, the population of the i^th species, i=1 and 2, such that where ji and g_i(u₁,u₂):=(_i–_iiu_i–_iju_j)u_i. In the above, the given data is as follows: v is an environmental potential, c_i, a_i are diffusion coefficients, b_i are transport coefficients, _i are the intrinsic growth rates, and _ii are intra-specific, whereas _ij, ij, are interspecific competition coefficients. In addition to showing well-posedness of our approximation, we prove convergence in space dimensions d3. Finally some numerical experiments in one space dimension are presented.Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 65M60, 65M12, 35K55, 92D25Acknowledgements. Part of this work was carried out while the authors participated in the 2003 programme {\it Computational Challenges in Partial Differential Equations} at the Isaac Newton Institute, Cambridge, UK.     

Global attractor for a nonlinear viscoelastic model

In this paper we establish the existence of global attractors of a semiflow and a semigroup for a nonlinear 1-d viscoelasticity in two frameworks. We exploit the properties of the analytic semigroup to show the compactness for the semiflow and semigroup generated by the weak global solutions.     

“Almost quasistationary” approximation for the problem of solidification front stability

“Almost quasistationary” approximation is suggested for the investigation of the problem of solidification front stability. It is appropriate for the initial stage of the process when sizes of particles are sufficiently small. The cases of “sphere like” and “cylinder-like” nuclei are considered. Capillary forces are taken into account.     

Global stability of a stage-structured epidemic model with a nonlinear incidence

In this paper, a stage-structured epidemic model with a nonlinear incidence with a factor S^p is investigated. By using limit theory of differential equations and Theorem of Busenberg and van den Driessche, global dynamics of the model is rigorously established. We prove that if the basic reproduction number R₀ is less than one, the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable and the disease dies out; if R₀ is greater than one, then the disease persists and the unique endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable. Numerical simulations support our analytical results and illustrate the effect of p on the dynamic behavior of the model.     

Global analysis of a vector-host epidemic model with nonlinear incidences

In this paper, an epidemic model with nonlinear incidences is proposed to describe the dynamics of diseases spread by vectors (mosquitoes), such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue and so on. The constant human recruitment rate and exponential natural death, as well as vector population with asymptotically constant population, are incorporated into the model. The stability of the system is analyzed for the disease-free and endemic equilibria. The stability of the system can be controlled by the threshold number R₀. It is shown that if R₀ is less than one, the disease free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable and in such a case the endemic equilibrium does not exist; if R₀ is greater than one, then the disease persists and the unique endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable. Our results imply that the threshold condition of the system provides important guidelines for accessing control of the vector diseases, and the spread of vector epidemic in an efficient way can be prevented. The contribution of the nonlinear saturating incidence to the basic reproduction number and the level of the endemic equilibrium are also analyzed, respectively.     

The quasistationary approximation in the problem of the motion of an isolated volume of a viscous incompressible capillary liquid

The equations of the quasistationary approximation in the problem of the motion of an isolated volume of a viscous incompressible capillary liquid are derived from the exact equations using an expansion in a small quasistationary parameter, which is equal to the ratio of the Stokes time to the capillary time. The problem contains yet another dimensionless parameter, which is proportional to the modulus of the conserved angular momentum of the liquid volume, which is also assumed to be small. Depending on the relation between these parameters, three versions of the limiting problem are obtained: the traditional version and two new versions. Asymptotic solutions of the problems which arise when the quasistationary parameter tends to zero are constructed.     

Monotone approximation for a nonlinear size and class age structured epidemic model

In this paper, we study a nonautonomous size and class age structured epidemic model with nonlinear and nonlocal boundary conditions. We establish a comparison principle and construct convergent monotone sequences to prove the existence of solutions. Uniqueness of solutions is also established.     

Global attractivity of a network-based epidemic SIS model with nonlinear infectivity

In this paper, a new epidemic SIS model with nonlinear infectivity, as well as birth and death of nodes and edges, is investigated on heterogeneous networks. The global behavior of the model is studied mathematically. When the basic reproductive number is less than or equal to unity, it is verified that the disease dies out; otherwise, the model solutions lead to positive steady states. This paper provides a concise mathematical analysis to verify the global dynamics of the model.     

Global attractor for a nonlinear wave equation arising in elastic waveguide model

The paper studies the longtime behavior of solutions to the initial boundary value problem (IBVP) for a nonlinear wave equation arising in an elastic waveguide model _utt−Δu−Δ_utt+Δ²u−Δ_ut−Δg(u)=f(x)$u_{tt}-\Delta u-\Delta u_{tt}+{\Delta }^{2}u-\Delta u_t-\Delta g\left(u\right)=f\left(x\right)$. It proves that when the space dimension N≤5$N\le 5$, under rather mild conditions the dynamical system associated with the above-mentioned IBVP possesses a global attractor which is connected and has finite fractal and Hausdorff dimension.     

Eigenvalues of a nonlinear ground state in the Thomas-Fermi approximation

We study a nonlinear ground state of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation with a parabolic potential in the hydrodynamics limit often referred to as the Thomas-Fermi approximation. Existence of the energy minimizer has been known in literature for some time but it was only recently when the Thomas-Fermi approximation was rigorously justified. The spectrum of linearization of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation at the ground state consists of an unbounded sequence of positive eigenvalues. We analyze convergence of eigenvalues in the hydrodynamics limit. Convergence in norm of the resolvent operator is proved and the convergence rate is estimated. We also study asymptotic and numerical approximations of eigenfunctions and eigenvalues using Airy functions.     

A fully adaptive numerical approximation for a two-dimensional epidemic model with nonlinear cross-diffusion

An epidemic model is formulated by a reaction–diffusion system where the spatial pattern formation is driven by cross-diffusion. The reaction terms describe the local dynamics of susceptible and infected species, whereas the diffusion terms account for the spatial distribution dynamics. For both self-diffusion and cross-diffusion, nonlinear constitutive assumptions are suggested. To simulate the pattern formation two finite volume formulations are proposed, which employ a conservative and a non-conservative discretization, respectively. An efficient simulation is obtained by a fully adaptive multiresolution strategy. Numerical examples illustrate the impact of the cross-diffusion on the pattern formation.     

Global stability of a discrete multigroup SIR model with nonlinear incidence rate

In this paper, by applying nonstandard finite difference scheme, we propose a discrete multigroup Susceptible‐Infective‐Removed (SIR) model with nonlinear incidence rate. Using Lyapunov functions, it is shown that the global dynamics of this model are completely determined by the basic reproduction number . If , then the disease‐free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable; if , then there exists a unique endemic equilibrium and it is globally asymptotically stable. Example and numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the results. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Global attractivity in a population model with nonlinear death rate and distributed delays

We study the global attractivity of the unique positive equilibrium of a population model with distributed delays and nonlinear death rate. Both delay dependent and delay independent criteria are obtained which generalize, unify and improve known criteria. These results will be applied to some models with bounded and unbounded death functions.     

Global attractor for a nonlinear thermoviscoelastic model with a non-convex free energy density

This paper is concerned with the existence of a global attractor for a semiflow governed by the weak solutions to a nonlinear one-dimensional thermoviscoelasticity with a non-convex free energy density. The constitutive assumptions for the Helmholtz free energy include the model for the study of martensitic phase transitions in shape memory alloys. To describe physically phase transitions between different configurations of crystal lattices, we work in a framework in which the strain u$u$ belongs to L^∞$L^{\infty }$. New approaches are introduced and more delicate estimates are derived to establish the crucial L^∞$L^{\infty }$-estimate of strain u$u$ in deriving the compactness of the orbit of the semiflow and the existence of an absorbing set.     

Global boundedness in a quasilinear chemotaxis model with nonlinear diffusion and consumption of chemoattractant

This paper proves the global existence and boundedness of solutions to a quasilinear chemotaxis model with nonlinear diffusion and consumption of chemoattractant defined on a smooth bounded domain with no‐flux boundary conditions under some assumptions. The result holds for arbitrary nonnegative sensitivity coefficients and domains in the spatial dimension which is no less than two.