CH(A^2△和B^2∑^-)和醇类分子碰撞过程动力学研究

本文报道用四倍频YAG激光(266nm)光解CHBr_3产生电子激发态CH(A,B)自由基和测量自发辐射CH(A,B→X)的时间分辨信号的方法测定了室温(290K)下 CH(A,B)被醇类分子(乙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异戊醇和叔戊醇)猝灭的速率常数,实验测定的CH(A)和 CH(B)猝灭速率常数K_q~A和K_q~B(单位为10~(-10)cm~3·molecule~(-1)·s~(-1))值如下(误差为线性拟合的标准偏差):此外,还从碰撞配合物模型出发,就醇分子中OH基对猝灭速率常数的影响作了讨论.     

(CX~3)~2CO,CF~3COX和CXCl~3(X=H或D)对CH(A,B)自由基的猝灭

本文报道室温下用266nm激光光解-荧光猝灭方法测定CH_3COCH_3,CD_3COCD_3,CF_3CO_2H,CF_3CO_2D,CHCl_3和CDCl_3分子猝灭电子激发态CH(A,B)自由基的速率常数,考察了含不同同位素原子的猝灭剂分子对CH(A,B)猝灭的同位素效应.实验发现,含D的分子比相应含H的分子对CH(A,B)的猝灭具有更大的速率常数.     

(CX~3)~2CO,CF~3COX和CXCl~3(X=H或D)对CH(A,B)自由基的猝灭

本文报道室温下用266nm激光光解-荧光猝灭方法测定CH~3COCH~3,CD~3COCD~3,CF~3CO~2H,CF~3CO~2D,CHCl~3和CDCl~3分子猝灭电子激发态CH(A,B) 自由基的速率常数,考察了含不同同位素原子的猝灭剂分子对CH(A,B)猝灭的同位素效应. 实验发现,含D的分子比相应含H的分子对CH(A,B)的猝灭具有更大的速率常数     

烷烃和胺类分子对电子激发态CH(A~2Δ和B~2Σ~-)自由基猝灭

用266nm激光光解CHBr_3分子产生CH(A,B)态自由基,通过测量CH(A,B→X)自发辐射的时间分辨信号测定室温下(CH_3)_2NH、(C_2H_5)_2NH、(C_2H_5)_3N、n-C_5H_(12)、n-C_6H_(14)和n-C_7H_(16)对CH(A,B,v'=0)的猝灭速率常数.发现猝灭速率常数与猝灭剂烷烃分子中的C-H键数近似成线性关系,但对大的烷烃分子,这种增加逐渐趋缓.用碰撞络合物模型计算胺类分子及烷烃分子与CH形成碰撞络合物时的生成截面,结果表明,在电子激发态CH自由基的猝灭过程中,碰撞对子间的多极相互吸引势和色散力作用势可能起重要作用.     

电子激发态SO2(A^1A2, B^1B1)分子的碰撞猝灭动力学研究

用四倍频YAG激光(266nm)把SO2分子从电子基态X^1A1激励到电子激发态A^1A2和B^1B1的高振动耦合区, 通过检测自发辐射SO2(B^1B1→X^1A1)的时间分辨信号, 测定了室温(290K)下SO2(A^1A2, B^1B1)被He, 氯代甲烷分子和某些烷烃分子猝灭的速率常数。此外, 还从碰撞配合物模型出发, 对SO2(A^1A2, B^1B1)的猝灭机制进行了讨论。     

CH(A^2Δ)自由基被醇类分子猝灭动力学的温度效应研究

用266nm激光光解CHBr3产生CH自由基, 利用精密控温仪控制反应温度, 测定CH(A→X)荧光的时间分辨信号, 测量了290K至653K范围内CH(A)被乙醇、丙醇、丁醇猝灭的速率常数, 利用修正的碰撞配合物模型, 定性解释了在多极吸引势与活化势垒的双重影响下, 猝灭截面与温度间的关系。     

CH(A^2Δ)自由基被醇类分子猝灭动力学的温度效应研究

用266nm激光光解CHBr3产生CH自由基, 利用精密控温仪控制反应温度, 测定CH(A→X)荧光的时间分辨信号, 测量了290K至653K范围内CH(A)被乙醇、丙醇、丁醇猝灭的速率常数, 利用修正的碰撞配合物模型, 定性解释了在多极吸引势与活化势垒的双重影响下, 猝灭截面与温度间的关系。     

亚稳态SO(c1∑-,v''=0)的猝灭动力学

在流动余辉装置上,研究了SO(c1∑-)的猝灭动力学过程.获得了SO2,O2,CO2,N2,He,CS2,CH3OH,C2H5OH,C3H7OH,C4H9OH,CH3COCH3,C6H6 CH2Cl2,CH2Br,CHCl3,CCl4等16种分子与SO(c1∑-)发生猝灭反应的速率常数.初步分析表明:醇类分子CnH2n+1OH(n=1,2,3,4)中的C-H键的数目与其对SO(c1∑-)的猝灭速率成正比;CO2,N2等非极性无机小分子对SO(c1∑-)的猝灭作用不明显,强极性分子SO2对SO(c1∑-)的猝灭作用较强.卤代烷烃中的卤素原子的大小对SO(c1∑-)的猝灭过程发挥着较重要的作用;而氯代烷烃中氯原子的个数与猝灭速率之间的关系不明显.     

亚稳态SO(c~1Σ~-,v′=0)的猝灭动力学

在流动余辉装置上,研究了SO(c1Σ-)的猝灭动力学过程.获得了SO2,O2,CO2,N2,He,CS2,CH3OH,C2H5OH,C3H7OH,C4H9OH,CH3COCH3,C6H6,CH2Cl2,CH2Br2,CHCl3,CCl4等16种分子与SO(c1Σ-)发生猝灭反应的速率常数.初步分析表明:醇类分子CnH2n 1OH(n=1,2,3,4)中的C—H键的数目与其对SO(c1Σ-)的猝灭速率成正比;CO2,N2等非极性无机小分子对SO(c1Σ-)的猝灭作用不明显,强极性分子SO2对SO(c1Σ-)的猝灭作用较强.卤代烷烃中的卤素原子的大小对SO(c1Σ-)的猝灭过程发挥着较重要的作用;而氯代烷烃中氯原子的个数与猝灭速率之间的关系不明显.     

烷烃类分子对NCO(A2∑+)自由基的猝灭

采用激光光解-激光诱导荧光(LP-LIF)的方法,用266 nm激光光解CHBr3分子产生CH自由基,再与N2O继续反应作为NCO自由基的产生源,用438.6 nm激光将电子基态X2∏i(0010)的NCO激励到激发态A2∑+(00°0)上,通过检测激发态NCO时间分辨荧光信号,测得室温(298 K)下NCO(A2∑+)被烷烃类分子猝灭的实验结果,获得了A2∑+(00°0)态猝灭速率常数.实验发现,随着烷烃分子中C-H键数增加,其猝灭截面也近线性增加,但随着分子体积增大,这种增加趋缓.     

Ar、NO和CHBr3对电子激发态CH的淬灭

The collisional quenching rate constants of CH(A, V'=0) by Ar and CHBr_3 and CH(A, B, V'=0) by NO molecule were measured by means of laser photolysis of CHBr_3 molecule at 266 nm generating CH(A, B) radicals and monitoring the time-resolved signal of ethession CH(A, B→X). The dependence of quenching rate constant of CH(A, V'=0) by CHBr_3 on rotational state of CH(A) is presented. It is found that the quenching rate decreases with increasing rotational quantum number of CH(A).     

Temperature effect on quenching of CH(AΔ)

The quenching rate constants of CH(A²Δ) radicals by alcohol, alkane, O₂, and C₂H₄ molecules over the temperature range 297–653 K have been measured using laser photolysis of CHBr₃ at 266 nm to produce CH(A) radical and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. Under the simultaneous effects of multiple attractive potentials and repulsive barrier, the temperature dependence of the quenching process of CH(A²Δ) is discussed qualitatively based on a modified collision complex model.     

Synthesis and photophysical properties of silicon phthalocyanines with axial siloxy ligands bearing alkylamine termini

Eleven silicon phthalocyanines which can be grouped into two homologous series [SiPc[OSi(CH3)2(CH2)(n)N(CH3)2]2, n = 1-6 (series 1), and SiPc[OSi(CH3)2(CH2)3N((CH2)(n)H)2]2, n = 1-6 (series 2)] as well as an analogous phthalocyanine, SiPc[OSi(CH3)2(CH2)3NH2]2, were synthesized. The ground state absorption spectra, the triplet state dynamics, and singlet oxygen quantum yields of 10 of these phthalocyanines were measured. All compounds displayed similar ground state absorption spectral properties in dimethylformamide solution with single Q band maxima at 668 +/- 2 nm and B band maxima at 352 +/- 1 nm. Photoexcitation of all compounds in the B bands generated the optical absorptions of the triplet states which decayed with lifetimes in the hundreds of microseconds region. Oxygen quenching bimolecular rate constants near 2 x 10(9) M(-1) s(-1) were measured, indicating that energy transfer to oxygen was exergonic. Singlet oxygen quantum yields, phi(delta), were measured, and those phthalocyanines in which the axial ligands are terminated by dimethylamine residues at the end of alkyl chains having four or more methylene links exhibited yields near > or = 0.35. Others gave singlet oxygen quantum yields near 0.2, and still others showed singlet oxygen yields of <0.1. The reduced singlet oxygen yields are probably caused by a charge transfer quenching of the 1pi,pi* state of the phthalocyanine by interaction with the lone pair electrons on the nitrogen atoms of the amine termini. In some cases, these can approach and interact with the electronically excited pi-framework, owing to diffusive motions of the flexible oligo-methylene tether.     

Overall considerations on the quenching of PH2(A2A1) and new effects in collision-induced V-V energy transfer of PH2(X2B1; v2' ' = 1)

The quenching constants of PH2(A(2)A1; v2' = 0 and 1) by H(2)S, NH(3), COS, CHCl(3), and CH4 have been measured. Attempts to correlate these data and those published in previous papers due to other quenchers, with the molecular properties through the Parmenter and co-workers' theory, the Thayer and Yardley's model, and the collision complex formation theory have been made. Measurements of collision-induced deactivation constants of PH2(X(2)B1; v2' ' = 1) by COS, CHCl(3), and CH4 have also been carried out. A reliable linear relationship of the log values of V-V energy exchange probability with the minimum energy mismatch Deltanu between PH2(v2' ' = 1) and the quenchers has been shown. Effects on the V-V transfer efficiency by inversion doubling of NH(3) and by the degenerate vibrational modes of the quencher, which participate in the process, have been evidenced.     

CCl2(A1B1)被O2及取代甲烷类分子猝灭的动力学研究

对CCl4／Ar混合气体放电产生CCl2自由基，再用541.52nm激光将电子基态CCl2激发到激发态A^1B1（0，4，0）振动态k=0能级上，通过检测 激发态CCl2时间分辨荧光信号，测得室温下CCl2(A^1B1)被O2，CF4，CF2Cl，CH3NO2，CH2Br2等分子猝灭的实验结果，用改进的三能级模型分析处理实验数据，获得态分辨速常数KA和Ka值，并对实验结果进行了讨论。     

CCl2(A^1B1)自由基不同振动态的猝灭动力学

对CCl4/Ar混合气体直流脉冲放电产生CCl2自由基，再分别用波长为550.56nm,541.52nm,532.25nm,524.31nm,523.82nm和523.27nm的激光将电子基态CCl2激励到激发态A^1B1的(0,3,0),(0,4,0),(1,3,0),(0,6,0),(1,4,0),(2,2,0)振动态，激发态CCl2(A^1B1)的不同振动态的时间分辨荧光信号显示该信号呈双指数衰减，测得室温下CCl2(A^1B1)不同振动态被NH3,H2O,CH2Br2,NH(CH3)2,NH(C2H5)2,N(C2H5)3,n-C6H14等分子猝灭的实验结果，用三能级模型分析处理实验数据，获得态分辨速率常数kA和ka值，并对实验结果进行了讨论。     

CH(A2Δ)被O2,CS2和环乙烷猝灭的速度常数

We present the measurements of quenching rate constants of CH(A~2△) radical by O_2, cyclo-C_6H_(12) and CS_2 molecules. The time-resolved spectra of emission CH(A~2△-X~2Π) was monitored. The measured quenching rate constants are as follows. k_q(O_2)=(2.8±0.5)×10~(-11) cm~3·molec~(-1)·s~(-1)k_q(cyclo-C_6H_(12))=(2.7±0.4)×10~(-10) cm~3·molec~(-1)·s~(-1)k_q(CS_2)=(4.0±0.6)×10~(-10) cm~3·molec~(-1)·s~(-1) The value of k_q(O_2) is in good agreement with previous works. The rate constants for quenching by cyclo-C_6H_(12) and CS_2 are reported for the first time.