蒽-对二氰基乙烯基苯激基复合物的形成与能量传递

本文设计合成了三个以不同链长相连接的蒽-对二氰基乙烯基苯(An-DCVB)化合物。利用吸收光谱,荧光光谱,激光闪光光解和单光子计数器等证实An-DCVB受光激发,发生分子内电子转移,生成激基复合物且发现有三重态能量传递,描述了分子内电子转移的主要途径,研究并探讨了An-DCVB的三种不同连接链长对分子构象,激基复合物的形成以及三重态能量传递的影响。     

对-三氰基乙烯基-N,N-二烷基苯胺的分子内光致电荷分离

本文以对-三氰基乙烯基-N,N-二烷基苯胺为模型化合物,开展共轭π电子体系分子内光致电子转移及电荷分离的研究。通过吸收光谱和荧光光谱探讨了这类分子的电荷分离作用以及在DMSO-H_2O中的簇集作用。     

哑铃型富勒烯化合物的光诱导电子转移反应

1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition of DTE-azomethine ylides (DTE: dithienyl-ethene) to C60 in refluxed toluene was used to synthesize novel dumbbell-type fullerene dimer 1. For the sake of comparison, the monoadduct 2 were also synthesized. The molecular geometries of these two compounds were determined by theoretical calculations with HF-3/21G method. UV-Vis and fluorescence experiments were carried out in solvents with different polarity at the room temperature. All the results indicated the existence of a photoinduced intramolecular electron transfer process between the donor and acceptor moieties.     

光诱导下卟啉蒽醌分子内电子转移过程的（Ⅰ）：荧光法

利用荧光手段对自制的３种卟啉蒽醌化合物及其锌配合物与母体卟啉进行了研究，计算了各种化合物单重激发态的能量Ｅｓ，荧光量子产率及荧光猝灭百分率。从荧光猝灭的角度证明了它们确实能在激发下进行分子内电子转移，形成分子内电荷分离态。同时探讨了有机碱的轴向配位及溶剂对ＰＡＱ化合物荧光性质的影响。     

光诱导下卟啉蒽醌化合物分子内电子转移过程的研究（Ⅱ）…

用ＥＳＲ研究了几种新型卟啉蒽醌化合物低温下光诱导产生分子内电子转移产物Ｐ＾＋·－ＡＱ＾－·自由基对。对比研究了不同卟啉配体、金属卟啉、有机碱轴向配位和溶剂对电子转移的影响。     

光诱导下卟啉蒽醌分子内电子转移过程的研究(Ⅰ)──荧光法

利用荧光手段对自制的3种卟啉蒽醌化合物及其锌配合物与母体卟啉进行了研究，计算了各种化合物单重激发态的能量Es、荧光量子产率及荧光猝灭百分率．从荧光猝灭的角度证明它们确实能在光激发下进行分子内电子转移，形成分子内电荷分离态．同时探讨了有机碱的轴向配位及溶剂对PAQ化合物荧光性质的影响．     

不同方位取代的二氰基乙烯基蒽的光谱行为的研究

本文设计合成了二个典型的共轭的电子给体与电子受体（D－A）化合物：2－二氰基乙烯基蒽（2－DCVA）与9－二氰基乙烯基蒽（9－DCVA）．考察了极性因素、温度因素对化合物发光能力的影响。研究表明：在不同极性溶剂中该二化合物均发分子内电荷转移（ICT）态的荧光，但2－DCVA的荧光量子产率（Φf）远大于9－DCVA的荧光量子产率，造成这一现象的主要原因可能是2－DCVA分子的平面性好于9－DCVA分子而引起分子内电荷转移相互作用不同所致．文中还用Bilot－Kawski公式估算了该二化合物在激发态与基态时仍极矩的差值。     

光诱导电子转移与电荷分离——N-[(1-芘基)-亚甲基]-N-甲基苯胺与N-[(1-芘基)-亚乙基]-N-甲基苯胺光物理性质的比较

设计合成了二个含芘和苯胺基的二元化合物,研究了溶剂极性和粘度对它们分子内激基复合物的影响。此外,CTAB胶束中的光物理性质表明它们可以作为微环境的粘度探针和极性探针。     

光诱导下卟啉蒽醌化合物分子内电子转移过程的研究(Ⅱ)──顺磁共振法

用ESR研究了几种新型叶啉蒽醌化合物低温下光诱导产生分子内电子转移产物P+－AQ-自由基对．对比研究了不同卟啉配体、金属卟啉、有机碱轴向配位和溶剂对电子转移的影响．     

苯甲醇在二氧化钛超微粒表面的光诱导电子转移和光反应过程研究

本文用自旋捕捆—ESR方法探讨了苯甲醇在超细微粒二氧化钛胶体表面的光诱导电子转移和光化学行为。结果明确地显示出,在不同pH条件下,笨甲醇在二氧化钛胶体表面的光化学行为有显著差别。在很低pH条件下,体系中检出明显的单重态氧加合物的信号,在pH=3.0左右,则以超氧负离子基为主;pH在4—6范围内时,产生较大量的苄氧基,且认pH=6时为最多;在pH为7左右时,除苄氧基外,同时还有一定量的羟甲基(·CH₂OH)和苯基自由基产生。本文对于不同pH条件下的光诱导电子转移和光化学反应机理进行了讨论。     

非水溶液盐效应的气液色谱研究: C~1~-~4醇-盐(NaI、NaSCN、NaClO~4)-碳酸丙烯酯体系

本文利用气液色谱法测定了333.15K时, C~1~-~4醇在碳酸丙烯酯-盐(NaI、NaSCN、NaClO~4)固定液中的无限稀释活度系数γ^∞~1。观察到: 1. 各溶质的Inγ^∞~1和固定液中盐的摩尔分数间具有较好的线性关系, 且发生盐溶效应。2. 在各个盐浓度的溶液中, 醇同系物的Inγ^∞~1和醇分子碳数间存在着线性关系, 并对实验现象从理论上进行了分析和讨论。     

1, 4-取代-2-丁炔共二聚反应中溶剂效应和盐效应对反应选择性的影响

PdCl~2(PhCN)~2催化的1, 4-取代-2-丁炔与烯丙基氯的共二聚反应中, 考察了不同的溶剂、不同的盐组分对生成双键的顺反异构体的影响。实验结果发现, 1, 4-二氯-2-丁炔与烯丙基氯的反应中, 不加溶剂和氯化物, 产物的双键以E式为主, 加入溶剂和氯化物, 产物以Z式为主。     

水溶性苝醌衍生物(13-SO~2Na-DDHA)与胶体半导体(CdS)澡光 诱导电子传递过? 痰亩ρа芯?

根据非均相体系电子传递动力μ＜0(μ=E~s*/s+-E~CB)的原理,构建出相匹配的水溶性苝醌衍生物光敏剂(13-SO~2Na-DDHA)与胶体半导体(CdS)的复合体体系,? 獯忝鸱椒ǎ獬鏊侵浜捅砉劢岷铣Ｊ?K~app)为1480(mol/L)^-1。继而? τ孟孕?spincounteraction)的ESR技术,首次定量地研究了它们之间的光诱? 嫉绱莨痰亩ρВ范耸?3-SO~3Na-DDNA光敏化作用的CdS胶体半导体表? 婀饣乖ρХ匠毯退俾食Ｊ峁⑾郑诒咎逑抵蠺EMPO接受光电子的反应? 妒?,而不同于均相体系中的反应级数别虽在相同可见光照射条件下(13-SO~2Na-DDHA)复合体的光还原速率比单独CdS高约82倍,表明该水溶性光敏剂对CdS胶体半导体具有显著的敏化效果,在太阳能应用中可被用作CdS胶体半导体有效的敏化剂。     

Solvent friction effect on intramolecular electron transfer

U-shaped donor-bridge-acceptor molecules with different electronic couplings have been investigated as a function of temperature in solvents with slow polarization relaxation, in particular, N-methylacetamide (NMA) and N-methylpropionamide (NMP). At high temperature, the electron-transfer rate is well described by a nonadiabatic model; however, the rate at low temperature is controlled by the solvent friction. The change of the electron-transfer mechanism is discussed and compared with theoretical models.     

Solvent mediated intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer in a fluorene-perylene bisimide derivative

Photoinduced electron transfer from fluorene to perylene bisimide has been studied for 2,7-bis(N-(1-hexylheptyl)-3,4:9,10-perylene-bisimide-N'-yl))-9,9-didodecylfluorene (PFP) in 11 different organic solvents. The intramolecular charge-separated state in PFP is almost isoenergetic with the locally excited state of the perylene bisimide. As a consequence of the small change in free energy for charge separation, the electron transfer rate strongly depends on subtle changes in the medium. The rate constant k(CS) for the electron transfer from fluorene to perylene bisimide moiety in the excited state varies over more than 2 orders of magnitude ( approximately 10(8)-10(10) s(-1)) with the solvent but does not show the familiar increase with polarity. The widely differing rate constants can be successfully explained by considering (1) the contribution of the polarization energy of the dipole moment in the transition state and by (2) the classical Marcus-Jortner model and assuming a spherical cavity for the charge-separated state. Using the first model, we show that lnk(CS) should vary linearly with Deltaf [Deltaf = (epsilon(r) - 1)/(2epsilon(r) + 1) - (n(2) - 1)/(2n(2) + 1), where epsilon(r) and n represent the static dielectric constant and the refractive index of the solvent, respectively], in accordance with experimental results. The second model, where the reorganization energy scales linearly with Deltaf, provides quantitative agreement with experimental rate constants within a factor of 2.     

A theoretical study of photoinduced electron transfer between tetracyanoethylene and arene

 Ab initio calculations have been performed to investigate the state transition in photoinduced electron transfer reactions between tetracyanoethylene and biphenyl as well as naphthalene. Face-to-face conformations of electron donor–acceptor (EDA) complexes were selected for this purpose. The geometries of the EDA complexes were determined by using the isolated optimized geometries of the donor and the acceptor to search for the maximum stabilization energy along the center-to-center distance. The correction of interaction energies for basis set superposition error was considered by using counterpoise methods. The ground and excited states of the EDA complexes were optimized with complete-active-space self-consistent-field calculations. The theoretical study of the ground state and excited states of the EDA complex in this work reveals that the S₁ and S₂ states of the EDA complexes are charge–transfer (CT) excited states, and CT absorption which corresponds to the S₀→S₁ and S₀→S₂ transitions arise from π−π^* excitation. On the basis of an Onsager model, CT absorption in dichloromethane was investigated by considering the solvent reorganization energy. Detailed discussions on the excited state and on the CT absorptions were made. Received: 30 April 2001 / Accepted: 18 October 2001 / Published online: 9 January 2002     

Polyether-bridged sexithiophene as a complexation-gated molecular wire for intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer

The porphyrin-sexithiophene-fullerene triad 2, where the two central thiophene units of the sexithiophene spacer are bridged with a crown-ether-like polyether chain, undergoes efficient intramolecular electron transfer from the photoexcited porphyrin moiety to the fullerene through the sexithiophene. However, complexation with a sodium cation in the crown ether ring causes complete suppression of electron transfer as a result of a drastic conformational change of the sexithiophene backbone. Furthermore, decomplexation resumes the photoinduced electron transfer. This on/off switching phenomenon indicates that the polyether-bridged sexithiophene can function as a complexation-gated molecular wire.     

光敏电子转移异构反应中的盐效应

本文利用四正丁基四氟硼酸铵为探针, 研究了顺式芪和四环烷的9,10-二氰基蒽敏化光异构化的反应机理, 加入四正丁基四氟硼酸铵明显加快顺式芪的异构反应而减慢四环烷的反应。荧光猝灭及激光闪光光解实验证明四正丁基四氟硼酸铵能促进电荷分离过程而生成离子自由基对。从而证实顺式芪的异构化反应是经由离子自由基的历程, 而四环烷则是通过激基复合物机理。     

Low-field CIDNP study of photoinduced electron transfer reactions

Chemically induced dynamic nuclear polarization in low magnetic field (low-field CIDNP) has been detected and studied in photoinduced electron transfer reactions in the polar solvent acetonitrile. For the radical-ion reactions two different approaches to interpret the low-field CIDNP are demonstrated: interpretation of the low-field CIDNP sign on the basis of quality relationships, and numerical calculations of the CIDNP field dependence. Analysis shows that low-field CIDNP in these reactions is sensitive to the value of the electron exchange interactions in radical-ion pairs.     

离子对内电子转移型染料阴离子-翁盐阳离子光敏体系中的溶剂效应和结构效应

本文研究了溶剂效应和结构效应对染料碘翁盐光物理, 光化学性质的影响。观察到在溶剂中离子对可以各种形式存在, 如紧密离子对、溶剂分隔离子对或溶剂化的自由离子, 溶剂的极性不仅影响各种存在形式的光谱性质, 而且影响它们之间的平衡关系, 进而影响离子对体系的物理化学性质。染料母核和碘翁阳离子的结构均对离子对体系的性质有影响。光诱导电子转移反应的热力学驱动力越大, 反应速度越快。用分子模拟技术(Molecular Modeling)对离子对体系的立体结构进行了研究, 为理解离子对体系的各种物理化学行为提供了重要的参考。