Investigations on the structural,mechanical, thermal,and electrical properties of Ce-doped TiO2/poly(n-butyl methacrylate) nanocomposites

This study focused on the fabrication of poly(n-butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) nanocomposites with various concentrations of cerium-doped titanium dioxide (Ce–TiO₂) nanoparticles via in situ polymerization technique. The structural characterization and the material properties of all the composites were analyzed by UV–visible, FTIR, XRD, SEM, DSC, TG, and tensile strength measurements. The UV–visible and FTIR studies confirmed the effective inclusion of Ce–TiO₂ nanoparticles into the PBMA matrix. The change in amorphous morphology of PBMA to a crystalline structure was observed from the XRD pattern. The SEM morphology revealed the attachment of nanoparticles in the polymer matrix. The inclusion of Ce–TiO₂ nanoparticles enhanced the glass transition temperature, and thermal stability of the PBMA matrix was revealed from DSC and TG, respectively. The tensile strength of PBMA was greatly enhanced by the addition of Ce–TiO₂ nanoparticles. The AC conductivity, dielectric constant, and dielectric loss studies were also performed in the frequency range 10²–10⁶ Hz, and it was observed that addition of Ce–TiO₂ nanoparticles greatly enhanced the electrical properties of PBMA. The change in dielectric constant with the addition of nanoparticles was correlated with a theoretical modeling study. This work also extended to study the role of Ce–TiO₂ nanoparticles in the reinforcing mechanism of the nanocomposite by comparing the actual tensile strength of the composite with different theoretical modeling. The high dielectric constant and tensile strength of composite are beneficial in designing lightweight and highly efficient nanoelectronic materials based on the family of polybutyl acrylates.

     

Nitrogen‐doped graphene‐cerium oxide (NG‐CeO2) photocatalyst for the photodegradation of methylene blue in waste water

This study shows a facile approach for the preparation of CeO₂ nanoparticles decorated with porous nitrogen‐doped graphene (NG) nanosheets for effective photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB). NG nanosheets were first synthesized using a hydrothermal method and then nitrogen‐doped graphene‐cerium oxide (NG‐CeO₂) was prepared through mixing of cerium nitrate with different concentrations of NG under ultrasonication followed by hydrothermal treatment. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE‐SEM). The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized nanocomposites was analyzed against MB dye. Results showed that the nanocomposites of NG‐CeO₂ have an average particle size of 20 nm. The as‐prepared NG‐CeO₂ nanocomposites exhibited outstanding photocatalytic activity for dye degradation under visible light irradiation, which could be attributed to synergistic effects between the NG nanosheets and CeO₂. The quantum of photodegradation increases with the increase of the NG content in the nanocomposites.     

A comparative study on the AC/DC conductivity,dielectric and optical properties of polystyrene/graphene nanoplatelets (PS/GNP) and multi-walled carbon nanotube (PS/MWCNT) nanocomposites

Polystyrene/graphene nanoplatelets (PS/GNP) and polystyrene/multi-walled carbon nanotube (PS/MWCNT) nanocomposites were prepared through solution mixing processing. The effect of carbon filler (CF) (GNP or MWCNT) doping on the DC/AC electrical conductivity, dielectric characteristics and optical parameters (absorption coefficient, α and band gap energy, E_g) of nanocomposites were investigated and compared for similar doping concentrations. The observed behavior of the DC surface conductivity for PS/CF nanocomposites was explained according to the classical percolation theory, where the percolation thresholds (ϕ_c) for PS/GNP and PS/MWCNT nanocomposites were determined as 12.0 vol% and 3.81 vol% and the critical exponents (t) were calculated as 2.19 and 2.13, respectively. These results indicate that CFs create three dimensional CF network in PS matrix. The dielectric relaxation properties and the AC conductivity studied by means of Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS) measurements, showed that the presence of carbon fillers significantly enhanced the capacitive/charge storage capabilities of the nanocomposites. The optical band gap energies (E_g) of PS/GNP and PS/MWCNT nanocomposites were obtained by using Tauc method. From applicative point of view, with their enhanced dielectric and AC conductivity properties of the PS/GNP and PS/MWCNT nanocomposites have the potential to be used in energy storage and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding applications.     

Temperature dependent electrical conductivity of polyaniline/Y2O3 composites

Composites of polyaniline with yttrium oxide (Y₂O₃) nanoparticles have been prepared by chemical polymerizations method by increasing the weight percentage of yttrium oxide. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra (FTIR) were used to characterize the composites. XRD and FTIR pattern indicate that Polyaniline (PANI) is intercalated into the layers of Y₂O₃ nanoparticles successfully by in situ polymerization and therefore the degree of crystallinity increases due to crystalline of yttrium oxide nanoparticles. The scanning electron micrographs (SEM) also confirm the formation of dual phase of platelet as well as of flaky structure in PANI-Y₂O₃. Temperature dependant DC conductivity showed three dimensional variable ranges hopping (3D VRH) model. Activation energy, density of states and hopping length are calculated and found to be influenced by intercalating PANI into the layers of Y₂O₃ clay.     

Optical and electrical properties of copper alumina nanoparticles reinforced chlorinated polyethylene composites for optoelectronic devices

The incorporation of transition metal oxide fillers into the polymer matrix through solution mixing polymerization imparts enhanced electrical and thermal properties. The present work focused on the optical properties, crystallinity, thermal stability, temperature-dependent conductivity, dielectric constant and modulus of chlorinated polyethylene/copper alumina (CPE/Cu–Al₂O₃) nanocomposites. Optical absorption measured using an ultraviolet–visible (UV–visible) spectrometer shows enhanced intensity and a blue shift for CPE/Cu–Al₂O₃ nanocomposites. The bandgap energy of CPE/Cu–Al₂O₃ nanocomposites was lower than pure CPE and minimum bandgap energy was recorded for a 7 wt% composites. The X-ray diffraction demonstrates that Cu–Al₂O₃ nanoparticles were uniformly introduced into the CPE matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) manifests improved thermal stability of nanocomposites. Dielectric properties decrease with frequency, whereas AC conductivity increases with frequency, and both AC conductivity and dielectric properties increase with temperature. The maximum AC conductivity and dielectric constant were obtained for 7 wt % nanofiller loaded sample. For all systems, the activation energy for electrical conductivity decreases with rising temperatures. The experimental dielectric constant values of CPE nanocomposites were correlated with different theoretical models. The Bruggeman model was in good agreement with the experimental permittivity. The impedance experiments showed a decreasing trend with temperature, indicating the semiconducting nature of prepared nanocomposites.     

Adsorption of chlorinated organic compounds from water with cerium oxide-activated carbon composite

Adsorptive removal of dichloromethane, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride from aqueous solutions at 25 °C by activated carbon (AC) that was loaded with cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂-NP/AC) was investigated. The developed adsorbent was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), FTIR spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The effect of contact time, initial concentration, and the adsorbent dosage were also studied. The equilibrium and kinetics of adsorption were studied in a batch-type adsorption system, and the equilibrium experimental data were analyzed using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherm models. Freundlich adsorption isotherm showed the best fit for the equilibrium adsorption data. Three adsorption kinetic models, pseudo first- and second-order, and intraparticle diffusion models were applied to test the kinetic data. Kinetic characterization of the adsorption process onto CeO₂-NP/AC is well-described by the pseudo second-order model, and the adsorption best-fit by the intraparticle diffusion model. Our study shows that at optimum conditions, 82.72%, 99.40% and 89.42% of dichloromethane, chloroform, and tetrachloride, respectively, were removed by CeO₂-NP/AC, at concentration between 0.25 and 5.00 g/L.     

Bio-therapeutic Potential and Cytotoxicity Assessment of Pectin-Mediated Synthesized Nanostructured Cerium Oxide

In the present studies, renewable and nontoxic biopolymer, pectin, was extracted from Indian red pomelo fruit peels and used for the synthesis of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO₂-NPs) having bio-therapeutic potential. The structural information of extracted pectin was investigated by FTIR and NMR spectroscopic techniques. Physicochemical characteristics of this pectin suggested its application in the synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles. Using this pectin as a template, CeO₂-NPs were synthesized by simple, one step and eco-friendly approach. The UV–Vis spectrum of synthesized CeO₂-NPs exhibited a characteristic absorption peak at wavelength 345 nm, which can be assigned to its intrinsic band gap (3.59 eV) absorption. Photoluminescence measurements of CeO₂-NPs revealed that the broad emission was composed of seven different bands. FTIR analysis ensured involvement of pectin in the formation and stabilization of CeO₂-NPs. FT-Raman spectra showed a sharp Raman active mode peak at 461.8 cm^?1 due to a symmetrical stretching mode of Ce–O vibration. DLS, FESEM, EDX, and XRD analysis showed that the CeO₂-NPs prepared were polydispersed, spherical shaped with a cubic fluorite structure and average particle size ≤40 nm. These CeO₂-NPs displayed broad spectrum antimicrobial activity, antioxidant potential, and non-cytotoxic nature.     

Novel Synthesis of CeO2 Nanoparticles Within Formamide/Tri(ethyleneglycol)monododecyl Ether/n-Octane Nonaqueous Microemulsion Systems

The present study evaluates a new method to prepare Cerium oxide (CeO₂) nanoparticles by formamide/tri(ethyleneglycol)monododecyl ether (C₁₂E₃)/n-octane oil-continuous nonaqueous microemulsion. The effect of the polar phase (formamide/water) on the phase behavior, drop size, and conductivity behavior of the reverse microemulsion were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize the phase and morphology of synthesized CeO₂ nanoparticles. It was found that the CeO₂ powders synthesized within nonaqueous microemulsions and aqueous microemulisons had an average particle size of 30–50 nm and 15–40 nm, respectively. The experimental results indicate the formation mechanism of CeO₂ nanoparticles in formamide nonaqueous microemulsion and aqueous microemulsion is similar, and the formamide nonaqueous microemulsion can be used as nanoreactors for preparation of nanoparticles.     

Green Synthesis of CeO2 Nanoparticles from the Abelmoschus esculentus Extract: Evaluation of Antioxidant,Anticancer, Antibacterial,and Wound-Healing Activities

Metal oxide nanoparticles synthesized by the biological method represent the most recent research in nanotechnology. This study reports the rapid and ecofriendly approach for the synthesis of CeO₂ nanoparticles mediated using the Abelmoschus esculentus extract. The medicinal plant extract acts as both a reducing and stabilizing agent. The characterization of CeO₂ NPs was performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The in vitro cytotoxicity of green synthesized CeO₂ was assessed against cervical cancerous cells (HeLa). The exposure of CeO₂ to HeLa cells at 10–125 µg/mL caused a loss in cellular viability against cervical cancerous cells in a dose-dependent manner. The antibacterial activity of the CeO₂ was assessed against S. aureus and K. pneumonia. A significant improvement in wound-healing progression was observed when cerium oxide nanoparticles were incorporated into the chitosan hydrogel membrane as a wound dressing.     

CeO2/Pd Nanoparticles Incorporated Fly Ash Zeolite: An Efficient and Recyclable Catalyst for Csp2-Csp2 Bond Formation Reactions

The catalytic activity of CeO₂ and palladium nanoparticles supported fly ash zeolite (CeO₂/Pd@FAZ) for C_sp²-C_sp² bond formation was studied. CeO₂/Pd@FAZ was characterized by FTIR, XRD, EDAX and TEM studies. In the Suzuki-Miyauracross-coupling reaction, biphenyl derivatives with excellent yields were obtained, and the reaction conditions were optimized. The catalytic activity was explored using a wide variety of diversely substituted aryl bromides and chlorides with aryl boronic acid under optimized reaction conditions. The recyclability of the catalyst was established for three cycles, with the conversion rate from 99 to 40%, which gained the advantage of heterogeneous catalysis.     

Photoluminescence emission behavior on the reduced band gap of Fe doping in CeO2-SiO2 nanocomposite and photophysical properties

Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite was synthesized via hydrothermal method. Bond length of nanocomposite was determined through FTIR analysis, while Raman analysis showed lattice relaxation of CeO₂ phase in Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂. TEM, XRD and DLS-PSA revealed an increase in size of Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂ as compared to CeO₂-SiO₂ which was attributed to have more oxygen vacancies in CeO₂ after doping of iron. Lattice contraction was also observed in some phases of CeO₂ in Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite as compared to CeO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite. This contraction was used for determination of Fe content incorporated in CeO₂ [1 1 1] phase. The band gap values of Fe/CeO₂-SiO₂ nanocomposite were found reduced after doping of Fe by factors of 0.62 and 0.55 eV, respectively. Photoluminescence study of the materials was carried out to study the different type of transitions occurring after absorption of electromagnetic radiation. Photoluminescence intensity at 2.12 eV was found enhanced after doping of Fe due to increased oxygen vacancy. Photocatalytic activity of the nanocomposites was studied with the degradation of chlorpyrifos pesticide.     

Co3O4−CeO2 Nanocomposites for Low-Temperature CO Oxidation

In an effort to combine the favorable catalytic properties of Co₃O₄ and CeO₂, nanocomposites with different phase distribution and Co₃O₄ loading were prepared and employed for CO oxidation. Synthesizing Co₃O₄-modified CeO₂ via three different sol-gel based routes, each with 10.4 wt % Co₃O₄ loading, yielded three different nanocomposite morphologies: CeO₂-supported Co₃O₄ layers, intermixed oxides, and homogeneously dispersed Co. The reactivity of the resulting surface oxygen species towards CO were examined by temperature programmed reduction (CO-TPR) and flow reactor kinetic tests. The first morphology exhibited the best performance due to its active Co₃O₄ surface layer, reducing the light-off temperature of CeO₂ by about 200 °C. In contrast, intermixed oxides and Co-doped CeO₂ suffered from lower dispersion and organic residues, respectively. The performance of Co₃O₄-CeO₂ nanocomposites was optimized by varying the Co₃O₄ loading, characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and N₂ sorption (BET). The 16–65 wt % Co₃O₄−CeO₂ catalysts approached the conversion of 1 wt % Pt/CeO₂, rendering them interesting candidates for low-temperature CO oxidation.     

Nano-silica and SiO2/CaCO3 nanocomposite prepared from semi-burned rice straw ash as modified papermaking fillers

Silica (SiO₂) nanoparticles and silica/calcium carbonate (SiO₂/CaCO₃) core–shell nanocomposites were prepared by sol–gel technique as fillers for papermaking application. Semi-burned rice straw ash (SBRSA), as waste material, was used to prepare the targeted fillers. Preparation of SiO₂ nanoparticles and SiO₂/CaCO₃ nanocomposites was carried out using Na₂SiO₃ solution that was prepared from SBRSA and CaCO₃ nanoparticles of 30–70 nm. The targeted SiO₂/CaCO₃ nanocomposites were prepared with different molar ratio of SiO₂:CaCO₃ 1:15, 1:10 and 1:5. The percentage of silica increased from 62.5% to 82.9% by thermal treatment of SBRSA at 800 °C for 2 h. The prepared SiO₂ nanoparticles and SiO₂/CaCO₃ nanocomposites were characterized by using XRD, XRF, TEM, FT-IR and Zeta potential. The results indicate that a pure semi-crystalline SiO₂ nanoparticle and semi-crystalline shell of SiO₂ coated CaCO₃ core particles were produced. The work extended also to investigate the effect of the prepared fillers on physical, mechanical and optical properties of paper.Application of the prepared SiO₂ nanoparticles and SiO₂/CaCO₃ nanocomposites improved the optical properties of paper (brightness, whiteness and opacity) but it slightly reduced the mechanical properties when compared to commercial precipitated CaCO₃ (PCC) filler.The results showed that the retention of SiO₂ nano-particles was highly increased. The retention of the prepared nanocomposites increased along with increasing of SiO₂:CaCO₃ molar ratio.     

Thermally conductive and electrically insulative nanocomposites based on hyperbranched epoxy and nano‐Al2O3 particles modified epoxy resin

Novel epoxy nanocomposites based on a diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) epoxy, an epoxy functionalized hyperbranched polymer (HTTE) and nano‐Al₂O₃ were synthesized with the aim of determining the effect of the nano‐Al₂O₃ particles and HTTE on the structure and properties of epoxy nanocomposites. The mechanical properties, thermal conductivity, bulk resistivity, and thermal stability of the nano‐Al₂O₃/HTTE/DGEBA ternary composites were evaluated and compared with the corresponding matrix. The improvement in impact properties of these nanocomposites was explained in terms of fracture surface analysis by SEM. The results indicate that the incorporation of nanoparticles and hyperbranched epoxy effectively improved the toughness of epoxy composites without sacrificing thermal conductivity and bulk resistivity compared to the neat epoxy and Al₂O₃/DGEBA, obtaining a well dispersion of nanoparticles in epoxy matrix and solving the drawbacks for single fillers filled epoxy nanocomposite. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Synthesis of CeO2‐loaded titania nanotubes and its effect on the flame retardant property of epoxy resin

A series of CeO₂‐loaded titania nanotubes (CeO₂‐TNTs) hybrid materials with different CeO₂ loadings were synthesized by co‐precipitation method and then incorporated into epoxy resin (EP) to prepare CeO₂‐TNTs flame‐retardant epoxy nanocomposites. Structure and morphology characterization indicated the successful synthesis of CeO₂‐TNTs. The effect of CeO₂‐TNTs with different CeO₂ loading capacity on the flame retardance of EP was compared and analyzed by the thermogravimetric analysis, Cone and Raman. The results showed that CeO₂ loading could increase the carbon residue of nanocomposites, reduce the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR), and improve the fire safety of EP. The residual carbon content of EP/0.1CeO₂‐TNTs sample at 700°C reached 19.8% with the lowest degradation rate, and the PHRR and THR were reduced to 680 kW/m² and 32.9 MJ/m², respectively. Such a significant improvement in flame‐retardant properties for EP could be attributed to the protective effect of CeO₂‐TNTs.     

Effect of nano‐modified SiO2/Al2O3 mixed‐matrix micro‐composite fillers on thermal,mechanical, and tribological properties of epoxy polymers

Thermo‐mechanically durable industrial polymer nanocomposites have great demand as structural components. In this work, highly competent filler design is processed via nano‐modified of micronic SiO₂/Al₂O₃ particulate ceramics and studied its influence on the rheology, glass transition temperature, composite microstructure, thermal conductivity, mechanical strength, micro hardness, and tribology properties. Composites were fabricated with different proportions of nano‐modified micro‐composite fillers in epoxy matrix at as much possible filler loadings. Results revealed that nano‐modified SiO₂/Al₂O₃ micro‐composite fillers enhanced inter‐particle network and offer benefits like homogeneous microstructures and increased thermal conductivity. Epoxy composites attained thermal conductivity of 0.8 W/mK at 46% filler loading. Mechanical strength and bulk hardness were reached to higher values on the incorporation of nano‐modified fillers. Tribology study revealed an increased specific wear rate and decreased friction coefficient in such fillers. The study is significant in a way that the design of nano‐modified mixed‐matrix micro‐composite fillers are effective where a high loading is much easier, which is critical for achieving desired thermal and mechanical properties for any engineering applications. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermal conductivity of Al2O3/water nanofluids

A considerable number of studies can be found on the thermal conductivity of nanofluids in which Al₂O₃ nanoparticles are used as additives. In the present study, the aim is to measure the thermal conductivity of very narrow Al₂O₃ nanoparticles with the size of 5 nm suspended in water. The thermal conductivity of nanofluids with concentrations up to 5 % is measured in a temperature range between 26 and 55 °C. Using the experimental data, a correlation is presented as a function of the temperature and volume fraction of nanoparticles. Finally, a sensitivity analysis is performed to assess the sensitivity of thermal conductivity of nanofluids to increase the particle loading at different temperatures. The sensitivity analysis reveals that at a given concentration, the sensitivity of thermal conductivity to particle loading increases when the temperature increases.     

Microwave-assisted sol-gel synthesis of CeO2–NiO nanocomposite based NO2 gas sensor for selective detection at lower operating temperature

The progress in the development of gas sensors has considerably grown using some novel nanomaterials of metal, metal oxide and composite. In the current study, we intended and evaluated the properties of nanomaterials like CeO₂, NiO, and CeO₂–NiO composite and its application as NO₂ gas sensor. Sensing of low concentration of NO₂ gas at optimum functional temperature was succeeded using CeO₂–NiO nanocomposites (NCs) film. The working temperature ranges in between 100 and 225 ?°C. Highly crystalline nanomaterials (CeO₂, NiO and CeO₂–NiO) have been prepared by applying microwave-assisted sol-gel route. The as-prepared nanomaterials are characterized for their structure, size, morphology and constitution by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. XRD studies of nanoparticles reveal the formation of nanoscale CeO₂ and NiO with crystallite size 26, 23 ?nm, respectively. Both are having a face centered cubic structure. The nanocomposite (NC) Ce:Ni ?= ?60:40 has crystallite size of 13 ?nm. XRD study of NCs shows assimilation of Ni metal into the ceria and proves physical similarities of two phases. It can be observed from SEM that prepared NC has a porous surface which enables more surface active sites for adsorbing oxygen. The optical properties are measured with the help of UV–Vis. Spectroscopy. Optical band gaps of 3.19, 3.41 and 2.9 ?eV were observed for CeO_2, NiO nanoparticles (NPs) and CeO₂–NiO NC, respectively. Gas sensing properties state that the NC material shows a higher gas response % of 67.34% for NO₂ gas (25 ?ppm) at comparatively low operating temperature (125 ?°C). It gives response time as (～28 ?s) and the recovery (～54 ?s). NiO incorporation in CeO₂ results in a decline of operating temperature of NC and improves the sensing features.     

Magnetic,Electrical and Thermal Studies of Polypyrrole-Fe<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> Nanocomposites

This research paper comprises of the synthesis of polypyrrole (PPy)-Fe₂O₃ nanocomposites by employing the in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. The concentration of the filler material was adjusted between 10–50 wt % of PPy. The synthesized nanocomposites were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Magnetic analysis and DC electrical conductivity of the samples were carried out using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and two probe DC conductivity method, point towards magnetically active and electrically conductive samples. The magnetic parameters under applied magnetic field demonstrated that the values of coercivity (H _c ), saturation magnetization (M _s ) and remanence (M _r ) can be tailored by carefully controlling the amount of dopant material into the nanocomposites indicating their suitability for controllable switching devices and microwave absorption applications. The DC electrical conductivity showed an increase up to 20 wt % of filler material and thereafter a decrease in the conductivity of nanocomposites with increase in filler content is observed. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed an increase in thermal stability with an increase in ferrite content in nanocomposites.     

Preparation of polypyrrole (PPy)-derived polymer/ZrO2 nanocomposites

New polypyrrole (PPy)-derived polymer/ZrO₂ nanocomposite materials are prepared by single-step oxidative polymerization of pyrrole (Py) and/or N-methylpyrrole (mPy) in the presence of HCl-functionalized ZrO₂ nanoparticles and ammonium persulfate. The physicochemical features of the PPy–ZrO₂, poly(Py-co-mPy)–ZrO₂ and PmPy–ZrO₂ hybrids were analyzed by XPS, FTIR, XRD and UV–Vis techniques. To explore the advantages of these nanocomposites for potential applications, their thermal, conductive and electrochemical properties were investigated. The characterization reveals that a chemical bonding, based on electrostatic interactions, is established between the polymers and the ZrO₂ nanoparticles. Interestingly, it is found that the growth of polymer on the surface of Cl-functionalized ZrO₂ becomes more significant as the Py moiety (–NH– species) content in the polymer increases. The thermal stability and conductivity of the polymers increase by hybridization with the ZrO₂ nanoparticles. This is assigned to the affective interaction of the polymers with the ZrO₂ nanoparticles. Particularly, the resulting nanocomposites keep high conductivities, ranging between 0.323 and 0.929 S cm⁻¹. Finally, voltammetric characterization shows that the PPy–ZrO₂ and poly(Py-co-mPy)–ZrO₂ nanocomposites are electroactive, thus demonstrating their capability for electrochemical applications. These results highlight the great influence of the nanoparticle interface and the nature of monomer on the nanocomposite formation and properties.