高阶离化对强激光场诱导自电离的影响

本文讨论了以往强激光诱导自电离理论所忽略的二阶以上的高阶离化效应,得到了自电离谱的解析表达式,详细研究了高阶离化的影响。结果表明,当激光场足够强时,高阶离化使自电离谱和自电离态的缀饰态产生显著变化。 关键词：     

产生缀饰原子三次谐波的探讨

缀饰原子对独立能级的耦合改变了原子的本征态，从而使某些禁戒跃迁成分为可能，本文对缀饰氪原子三次谐波产生的可能性作了探讨，并将其转换效率理论计算值与裸原子作了比较。     

中间态引入量子干涉的三光子共振非简并六波混频

理论研究了五能级系统中三光子共振非简并六波混频(NSWM) 由于中间能级加入耦合光场而产生的量子干涉效应. 分析了耦合光场对三光子共振NSWM信号以及频谱的影响. 研究发现, 在强耦合场作用下, NSWM的频谱出现了Autler-Townes分裂, 它反映的是两个缀饰态的能级, 量子干涉可以使NSWM信号被抑制或增强. 提出利用量子干涉对NSWM信号产生增强作用, 可以由耦合场产生的缀饰态代替原子固有能级, 成为三光子共振的中间态, 从而控制耦合场来选择三光子共振的中间态的位置.     

含多个相干耦合人工原子的单模腔的输入输出特性

在以往的腔量子电动力学(QED)系统中原子气通常被处理成单个原子,从而得到诸如拉比劈裂、单光子阻塞等现象.受益于超导电路QED的发展,超导量子比特(SQUID)可以被看成人工原子,它们之间通过LC谐振子失谐的耦合会构成人工原子间的等效相干耦合.基于此,研究了具有相干耦合的多个人工原子对单模腔输入输出的影响,并从缀饰态的角度对透射谱进行了分析.结果发现包含多个相干耦合人工原子的单模腔,其透射谱与只含单个原子的腔显著不同,更重要的是透射峰的数目并不会随着人工原子数的增加而增加,最多只有3个透射峰.为了解释这种透射谱的规律,应用全量子理论,计算了整个系统在不含耗散时单能量子情况下的本征值和本征态.原则上,有几个粒子,就会形成几个缀饰态,理论上就会出现几个透射峰.然而本文发现存在一些不包含光子成分的缀饰态,它们并不贡献透射峰.而原子数增多后会出现透射峰劈裂,这对应着能级避免交叉现象,本文从缀饰态角度进行了说明.从这些缀饰态的具体形式上很多都具有多体纠缠的性质.因此采用这样一种包含多个相干耦合人工原子的单模腔,将有利于构建多体纠缠态,在未来也可以通过透射率的变化,探知腔内多体纠缠态的形式.     

K_2分子在强激光场下的量子调控:缀饰态选择性分布

利用含时量子波包法理论研究了分子在强激光场条件下的量子调控.选取K2分子的三态模型(基态|X〉、激发态|B〉和电离态|X+〉)作为研究对象.在强激光场的作用下,激发态|B〉缀饰成两个子态:|α〉态和|β〉态.分析K2分子电离后的光电子能谱,可以得到缀饰态|α〉和|β〉的能量和概率分布信息.同时,根据分子的缀饰态理论,提出了K2分子的缀饰态选择性分布方案.研究表明:调节激光场的强度可以实现对缀饰态能量的调控,改变激光场的波长可以实现对缀饰态概率的选择性分布.     

在缀饰场中四能级“Ladder”系统的布局数转移

利用"反直觉"频率啁啾激光脉冲分析了偶能级ladder系统的布局数迁移,其中在缀饰激光场作用下N-2个中间态进行耦合.作为偶能级ladder系统的代表,我们着重分析了四能级ladder系统.研究发现如果缀饰激光场足够强且发生共振,则在能级1和能级4之间发生完全布局数迁移必须要求有一个恰当的脉冲叠加面积,调谐pump激光和stokes激光,使其中一个缀饰中间态发生共振,则可以使这个四能级系统简化为三能级系统.     

三原子体系的合作共振荧光

本文用缀饰原子本征态的方法,导出三原子体系合作共振荧光过程的主方程。求出了共振荧光的谱线结构,各谱线的权重比及各谱线的弛豫速率。文中报道了三原子共振荧光由七条谱线组成,每条谱线又有自己的精细结构。作者认为各谱线的分裂原因在于缀饰原子偶极矩之间的相互耦合。     

N5B五能级系统中重复缀饰四波混频研究

从理论上研究了N5B五能级系统中一个激光场重复缀饰四波混频过程.结合能级图分析,从它特殊的Autler-Town分裂峰中可以非常清晰地看出其重复缀饰的作用.还研究了在强Probe场和强耦合场下N5B五能级下缀饰四波混频信号的抑制增强现象.采取独特的处理方法——独立作用法,研究结果表明一个激光场作用于N5B五能级系统时存在两次缀饰,并形成缀饰能级的二重分裂或者三重分裂,不同于多个耦合场对原子的多重缀饰作用.应用于非线性光谱术中对多峰结构的研究. 关键词： 四波混频 电磁感应透明 重复缀饰     

铯原子磁光阱中冷原子的缀饰态光谱

在磁光阱中的铯原子由于冷却光的存在将被缀饰化。借助于波长为852.3 nm(对应于铯原子6S1/2F=4→6P3/2F′=3和6S1/2F=4→6P3/2F′=4超精细跃迁)和794.6 nm(对应于铯原子6P3/2F′=5→8S1/2F″=4超精细跃迁)的探测光的透射光谱分别对磁光阱中冷原子基态6S1/2F=4和激发态6P3/2F′=5在冷却光作用下形成的缀饰态分裂进行了实验研究,并分析了其光谱特性。结果表明,在冷却光强度、失谐量相同的实验条件下,基态、激发态的缀饰分裂间距相同,与缀饰态理论预言一致。     

原子-场强度相关耦合时原子质心平移运动与内态布居的关系

基于原子与腔场共振相互作用及原子-场缀饰态,讨论了驻波腔场中两能级原子与场耦合强度相关时的原子质心的量子化平移运动对原子内态布居间的相互影响。结果表明原子平移运动敏感地依赖于原子的内态布居。特别地,当原子处于两内态等权重同位相迭加态时,平移运动呈现出很稳定的特征。     

Renormalization group method based on the ionization energy theory

Proofs are developed to explicitly show that the ionization energy theory is a renormalized theory, which mathematically exactly satisfies the renormalization group formalisms developed by Gell–Mann–Low, Shankar and Zinn-Justin. However, the cutoff parameter for the ionization energy theory relies on the energy-level spacing, instead of lattice point spacing in k-space. Subsequently, we apply the earlier proofs to prove that the mathematical structure of the ionization-energy dressed electron–electron screened Coulomb potential is exactly the same as the ionization-energy dressed electron–phonon interaction potential. The latter proof is proven by means of the second-order time-independent perturbation theory with the heavier effective mass condition, as required by the electron–electron screened Coulomb potential. The outcome of this proof is that we can derive the heat capacity and the Debye frequency as a function of ionization energy, which can be applied in strongly correlated matter and nanostructures.     

Quantum coherence in A-three-level system driven by bichromatic coupling field

<正>We present a theoretical study of quantum coherent effects in a A-three-level system with a strong bichromatic coupling field and a weak probe field.When one component of the strong bichromatic coupling field is resonant with a corresponding transition and the other is detuning with an integer fraction of the Rabi frequency of the resonant field, the absorption spectrum exhibits a series of symmetrical doublets.While two frequencies of the strong bichromatic coupling field are symmetrically detuned from the transition,the position and the relative intensity of the absorption peak are both affected by the coupling field intensity and detuning.An explanation of the spectrum is given in term of the dressed-state formalism.     

Quantum control by selective population of dressed states using intense chirped femtosecond laser pulses

The physical mechanism of strong field quantum control using chirped femtosecond laser pulses is investigated. Dressed state control is exerted by making explicit use of the temporal phase changes of the pulse. In our experiment, the dressed state population is mapped by photoelectron spectra from simultaneous excitation and ionization of potassium atoms as a function of the chirp parameter. We show that chirped pulses can be used to selectively steer ground state atoms temporarily into a single dressed state realizing transient Selective Population of Dressed States (SPODS). PACS 32.80.Qk; 32.80.Rm; 33.80.Rv     

Raman coupling between dressed states in resonant multiphoton ionization

The final-state energy spectrum in the photoionization of an initially populated adiabatic dressed state is studied. For weak dressing interactions, Raman coupling between dressed states significantly alters the form of the spectrum.     

Enhancement of feasibility of macroscopic quantum superposition state with the quantum Rabi-Stark model

We propose an efficient scheme to generate a macroscopical quantum superposition state with a cavity optomechanical system, which is composed of a quantum Rabi-Stark model coupling to a mechanical oscillator. In a low-energy subspace of the Rabi-Stark model, the dressed states and then the effective Hamiltonian of the system are given. Due to the coupling of the mechanical oscillator and the atom-cavity system, if the initial state of the atom-cavity system is one of the dressed states, the mechanical oscillator will evolve into a corresponding coherent state. Thus, if the initial state of the atom-cavity system is a superposition of two dressed states, a coherent state superposition of the mechanical oscillator can be generated. The quantum coherence and their distinguishable properties of the two coherent states are exhibited by Wigner distribution. We show that the Stark term can enhance significantly the feasibility and quantum coherence of the generated macroscopic quantum superposition state of the oscillator.     

强激光场阈上电离理论

本文提出一种统一的阈上电离理论。根据该理论,可以定量描述较真实的原子阈上电离过程并能清楚地阐明实验观测的阈上电离现象。该现象可理解为前后相继的两个过程:(1)先从无场的初态吸收N个光子而到场缀末态的量子跃迁过程。(2)欲定量描述实验测量,还需考虑光电子逃离光场时与光场相互作用的“后作用效应”。该“后作用效应”是由非均匀激光场所形成的无质动力所引起的经典物理过程。 关键词：     

Correlations between successively emitted photons in resonance fluorescence

We examine the relationship between the probability of detection of successively emitted photons and the second-order coherence correlation function for resonance fluorescence. A simple method for computing both in terms of dressed atom probability amplitudes and steady state populations instead of time-dependent Bloch equations is developed.     

RADIATION OF DRESSED EXCITONS IN THE SEMICONDUCTOR MICROCAVITY

In this paper, we introduced the dressed exciton model of the semiconductor micro-cavity device. In the semiconductor micro cavity of vertical-cavity surface-emission device, the excitons first coupled with the cavity through an intra-electromagnetic field and formed the dressed excitons. Then these dressed excitons decayed into the vacuum cavity optical mode, as a multi-particle process. Through the quantum electrodynamics method, the dipole emission density and system energy decayed equation were obtained. And it was predicted that the excitons decay into a very narrow mode when the exciton-cavity coupling becomes strong enough.     

Coherent Phase Control of Multiphoton Ionization in Three-Level Ladder-Type System

We present the theoretical investigation of photoelectron spectroscopy resulting from the strong field induced multiphoton ionization in a typical three-level ladder-style system. Our theoretical results show that the photo-electron spectral structure can be alternatively steered by spectral phase modulation. This physical mechanism for strong field quantum control is explicitly exploited by the time-dependent dressed state population. It is concluded that the phase-shaped laser pulses can be used to selectively manipulate the multiphoton ionization process in complicated quantum systems.     

双共振激发多光子电离过程中电离光电子谱的量子相干调制

利用缀饰态和微扰理论,研究了双共振激发多光子电离过程中电离光电子谱的量子相干特性,讨论了强场作用下激发脉冲的面积和脉冲间的延迟对多光子电离光电子谱的影响.结果表明,脉冲面积和脉冲间的延迟对电离光电子谱有明显的调制作用.当第一个脉冲的面积和脉冲间的延迟选取合适时,实现了多光子电离光电子谱Autler-Townes分裂以及电离光电子谱中干涉条纹的控制,并且利用这一量子相干控制实现了粒子在两个缀饰态之间的选择性布居;第二个脉冲面积的变化不影响两个缀饰态上的粒子布居几率,但对电离光电子谱有着明显的调制作用.