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1.
The Zintl phase Ba3Si4 has been synthesized from the elements at 1273 K as a single phase. No homogeneity range has been found. The compound decomposes peritectically at 1307(5) K to BaSi2 and melt. The butterfly‐shaped Si46− Zintl anion in the crystal structure of Ba3Si4 (Pearson symbol tP28, space group P42/mnm, a = 8.5233(3) Å, c = 11.8322(6) Å) shows only slightly different Si‐Si bond lengths of d(Si–Si) = 2.4183(6) Å (1×) and 2.4254(3) Å (4×). The compound is diamagnetic with χ ≈ −50 × 10−6 cm3 mol−1. DC resistivity measurements show a high electrical resistivity (ρ(300 K) ≈ 1.2 × 10−3 Ω m) with positive temperature gradient dρ/dT. The temperature dependence of the isotropic signal shift and the spin‐lattice relaxation times in 29Si NMR spectroscopy confirms the metallic behavior. The experimental results are in accordance with the calculated electronic band structure, which indicates a metal with a low density of states at the Fermi level. The electron localization function (ELF) is used for analysis of chemical bonding. The reaction of solid Ba3Si4 with gaseous HCl leads to the oxidation of the Si46− Zintl anion and yields nanoporous silicon.  相似文献   

2.
The new ternary phase Eu2–xMg2–yGe3 (x = 0.1, y = 0.5) was obtained by solid‐state synthesis and the structure determined by means of Single Crystal X‐ray Diffraction. The compound crystallizes with the orthorhombic space group Cmcm (no. 63) having structural features of the low‐temperature modification of LaSi. The crystal structure contains two different types of germanium anions: isolated Ge4– and $\rm^{2}_{\infty}$ [Ge2–xy] chains. The cation substructure is partially disordered and is best represented assuming a split position. The chemical bonding is well represented by the Zintl‐Klemm concept. Resistivity measurements reveal that the compound is metallic. DFT band structure calculations were carried out on the ideal stoichiometric compound Eu2Mg2Ge3, showing that this model (x = 0; y = 0) would be also metallic as a consequence of the ecliptic stacking of anions. Susceptibility and specific heat measurements evidence the presence of weak, and probably frustrated, antiferromagnetic interactions between disordered europium atoms.  相似文献   

3.
Eu5Ge3 and EuIrGe2 were prepared from the elements in tantalum tubes, and their crystal structures were determined from single crystal X-ray data. Eu5Ge3 adopts the structure of Cr5B3: I4/mcm, a = 799.0(1)pm, c = 1 536.7(1)pm, Z = 4, wR2 = 0.0421 for 669 F2 values and 16 variables. The structure of Eu5Ge3 contains isolated germanium atoms and germanium atom pairs with a Ge? Ge distance of 256.0 pm. Eu5Ge3 may be described as a Zintl phase with the formulation [5 Eu2+]10+[Ge]4?[Ge2]6?. Magnetic investigations of Eu5Ge3 show Curie-Weiss behaviour above 50 K with a magnetic moment of μexp = 7.6(1) μB which is close to the free ion value of μeff = 7.94 μB for Eu2+. EuIrGe2 is isotypic with CeNiSi2: Cmcm, a = 445.5(2) pm, b = 1 737.4(4) pm, c = 426.6(1) pm, Z = 4, wR2 = 0.0507 for 295 F2 values and 18 variables. The structure of EuIrGe2 is an intergrowth of ThCr2Si2-like slabs with composition EuIr2Ge2 and AlB2-like slabs with composition EuGe2 in an AB stacking sequence. Both slabs are distorted when compared to the symmetry of the prototypes. The Ge? Ge distance of 256.6 pm in the AlB2-like fragment is comparable to that in Eu5Ge3.  相似文献   

4.
The Eu? Bi system contains the phases Eu5Bi3, Eu4Bi3 and Eu11Bi10. The structure types of these phases have been determined by powder X-ray diffraction. Crystals of Eu4Bi3 (cubic, space group I4 3d; a = 9.920 Å, Z = 4, T = 130 K, R1/wR2 = 4.86/10.84%) were obtained in low yield by reaction of Eu, Mn, and Bi in the ratio 14:1:11 in a closed niobium tube (heating rate 30°C/h; reaction at 1050°C for 300 h, cooling rate 100°C/h). The crystal structure consists of distorted octahedra made up of six Bi coordinated to a central Eu atom. Eu is also coordinated to a three other Eu atoms and forms a three-dimensional network composed of interconnected rings. The Bi atoms are coordinated to eight Eu atoms. High yields of Eu4Bi3 can be prepared by reacting stoichiometric amount of the elements in a sealed tantalum tube at 1100°C for 24 h. Temperature dependent magnetic susceptibility is consistent with antiferromagnetic behavior with an ordering temperature of 18 K. The data could be fit with the Curie-Weiss law and a moment of 7.38 μB/Eu is obtained, consistent with all Eu atoms being Eu11. Temperature dependent resistivity indicates that Eu4Bi3 is a metal with a room temperature resistance of 1.3 Ωcm.  相似文献   

5.
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Vibrational Spectra of Compounds with the Linear Dipnictidoborate (3–) Anions [P–B–P]3–, [As–B–As]3–, and [P–B–As]3– The alkali metal boron compounds M3[BX2] with X = P, As are synthesized from the alkali metals M and the binary components MX or M4X6 and BX in sealed steel ampoules (phosphides) or niobium ampoules (arsenides) at 1000 K. The compounds are obtained as bright yellow prisms (M3[BP2]) or plates (K2Na[BP2]) and yellow‐red prismatic crystals (M3[BAs2], Cs3[BPAs]) which are very sensitive against oxidation and hydrolysis. Three different structure types are formed, namely K2Na[BP2] (C2/m (No. 12); Z = 4; a new mC24 structure type); Na3[BP2] (P21/c (No. 14); Z = 4, β‐Li3[BN2] type), M3[BX2] with M = K, Rb, Cs and X = P, As and Cs3[P–B–As] (C2/c, (No. 15); Z = 4, K3[BP2] type). The bond lengths of the linear [BX2]3– anions are hardly changed and correspond to a Pauling bond order PBO = 1.9 (d(B–P) = 176.7–177.1 pm; d(B–As) = 186.5–188.0 pm). The vibrational spectra confirm the existence of unmixed and mixed units [P–B–P]3–, [As–B–As]3– and [P–B–As]3– with D∞h and C∞v symmetry, respectively. The valence force constants f(B–X) and the corresponding Siebert bond orders, calculated from the frequencies, are discussed and compared with those of the isoelectronic anions and molecules.  相似文献   

6.
The oxonitridoalumosilicates (so‐called sialons) MLn[Si4?xAlxOxN7?x] with M = Eu, Sr, Ba and Ln =Ho, Er, Tm, Yb were obtained by the reaction of the respective lanthanoid metal, the alkaline earth carbonates or europium carbonate, resp., AlN, “Si(NH)2” and MCl2 as a flux in a radiofrequency furnace at temperatures around 2100 °C. The compounds MLn[Si4?xAlxOxN7?x] are relevant for the investigation of substitutional effects on the materials properties due to their ability of tolerating a comparatively large phase width up to x ≈ 2.0(5). The crystal structures of the twelve compounds were refined from X‐ray single crystal data and X‐ray powder data and are found to be isotypic to the MYb[Si4N7] structure type. The compounds crystallize in space group P63mc (no. 186, hexagonal) and are made up of chains of so‐called starlike units [N[4](SiN3)4] or [N[4]((Si,Al)(O,N)3)4], respectively. These units are formed by four (Si,Al)(N/O)4 tetrahedra sharing a common central nitrogen atom. The structure refinement was performed utilizing an O/N‐distribution model according to Paulings rules, i.e. nitrogen was positioned on the four‐fold bridging site and nitrogen and oxygen were distributed equally on both of the two‐fold bridging sites, resulting in charge neutrality of the compound. The Si and Al atoms were distributed equally on their two crystallographic sites, referring to their elemental proportion in the compound, due to being poorly distinguishable by X‐ray methods. The chemical compositions of the compounds were derived from electron probe micro analyses (EPMA).  相似文献   

7.
Pnictides α‐Ba5P4 and KBa4P5 were prepared by melting the elements. The α‐Ba5P4 compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic system (Sm5Ge4‐type), space group Pnma, Z = 4, a = 8.330(3), b = 16.503(3), c = 8.405(2)Å, it contains two anionic species : P24— dumbbells and P3—. The KBa4P5 compound crystallizes in the tetragonal system, space group P43212, Z = 4, a = 8.559(1), c = 16.102(2)Å, it contains trimers P35— and dumbbells P24—. The crystal structures were solved from single crystal X‐ray data and refined by full‐matrix least‐squares to agreement factors R1 = 0.047 and 0.038, respectively. Using ionic charges, α‐Ba5P4 is formulated as [5Ba2+, 2P3—, P24—] and KBa4P5 as [K+, 4Ba2+, P24—, P35—]. The level of oligomerisation in these structures depends upon the overall valence electron content, bonding within the anionic oligomers has been analyzed on the basis of EHMO calculations and compared to classical or hypervalent bonding in other phosphide compounds.  相似文献   

8.
The compounds [M(NH3)8]I2 (M = Eu, Yb) were obtained from reactions in anhydrous liquid ammonia solutions as side products. They were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and found to be isotypic to the compounds [Ca(NH3)8]X2 (X = Cl, Br, I). The coordination sphere of the lanthanoid(II) cations is not square-antiprismatic but much better described as bicapped trigonal-prismatic. In contrast, quantum-chemical gas-phase calculations show the square-antiprismatic coordination polyhedron (point group S8) to be energetically favored over the bicapped trigonal prism and the latter is not even a true local minimum. Obviously, hydrogen bonding and eventually other weak interactions have an impact on the observed bicapped trigonal-prismatic coordination sphere of the [M(NH3)8]2+ cations in the solid state.  相似文献   

9.
The Zintl phases M4Si4 with M = Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Ba2Si4 feature a common structural unit, the Si44– anion. The coordination of the anions by the cations varies significantly. This allows a systematic investigation of the bonding situation of the anions by 29Si NMR spectroscopy. The compounds were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, magnetic susceptibility measurements, 23Na, 29Si, 87Rb, 133Cs NMR spectroscopy, and quantum mechanical calculation of the NMR coupling parameter. The chemical bonding was investigated by quantum mechanical calculations of the electron localizability indicator (ELI). Synthesis of the compounds results for all of them in single phase material. A systematic increase of the isotropic 29Si NMR signal shift with increasing atomic number of the cations is observed by NMR experiments and quantum mechanical calculation of the NMR coupling parameter. The agreement of experimental and theoretical results is very good allowing an unambiguous assignment of the NMR signals to the atomic sites. Quantum mechanical modelling of the NMR shift parameter indicates a dominant influence of the cations on the isotropic 29Si NMR signal shift. In contrast to this a negligible influence of the geometry of the anions on the NMR signal shift is obtained by these model calculations. The origin of the systematic variation of the isotropic NMR signal shift is not yet clear although an influence of the charge transfer estimated by calculation using the QTAIM approach is indicated.  相似文献   

10.
11.
The mixed‐valent oxotantalate Eu1.83Ta15O32 was prepared from a compressed mixture of Ta2O5 and the metals in a sealed Ta ampoule at 1400 °C. The crystal structure was determined by means of single crystal X‐ray diffraction: space group R3¯, a = 777.2(6) pm and c = 3523.5(3) pm, Z = 3, 984 symmetrically independent reflections, 83 variables, RF = 0.027 for I > 2σ (I). The structure is isotypic to Ba2Nb15O32. The salient feature is a [Ta(+8/3)6O12iO6a] cluster consisting of an octahedral Ta6 core bonded to 12 edge‐bridging inner and six outer oxygen atoms. The clusters are arranged to slabs which are sandwiched by layers of [Ta(+5)3O13] triple octahedra. Additional Ta(+5) and Eu(+2) atoms provide the cohesion of these structural units. Twelve‐fold coordinated Eu(+2) atoms are situated on a triply degenerate position 33 pm displaced from the threefold axis of symmetry. A depletion of the Eu(+2) site from 6 to 5.5 atoms per unit cell reduces the number of electrons available for Ta‐Ta bonding from 15 to 14.67 electrons per cluster. Between 125 and 320 K Eu1.83Ta15O32 is semi‐conducting with a band gap of 0.23 eV. The course of the magnetization is consistently described with the Brillouin function in terms of a Mmol/(NAμB) versus B/T plot in the temperature range 5 K — 320 K and at magnetic flux densities 0.1 T — 5 T. At moderate flux densities (< 1 T) the magnetic moment agrees fairly well with the expected value of 7.94 μB for free Eu (2+) ions with 4f7 configuration in 8S7/2 ground state. Below 5 K, anisotropic magnetization measurements at flux densities B < 1 T point to an onset of an antiferromagnetic ordering of Eu spins within the layers and an incipient ferromagnetic ordering perpendicular to the layers.  相似文献   

12.
Eu5F[SiO4]3 and Yb5S[SiO4]3: Mixed‐Valent Lanthanoid Silicates with Apatite‐Type of Structure By the reaction of Eu, EuF3, Eu2O3 with SiO2 in evacuated gold ampoules, using NaF as flux, at a temperature of 1000 °C for ten hours, dark‐red, platelet‐shaped single crystals of Eu5F[SiO4]3 are obtained. Similarly dark‐red, but pillar‐shaped single crystals of Yb5S[SiO4]3 are obtained by the reaction of Yb, Yb2O3 and S with SiO2 in the presence CsBr as flux in evacuated silica ampoules at 850 °C and an annealing time of seven days. Both compounds crystallize hexagonally (P63/m, Z = 2; Eu5F[SiO4]3: a = 954.79(9), c = 704.16(6) pm; Yb5S[SiO4]3: a = 972.36(9), c = 648.49(6) pm) in the case of Eu5F[SiO4]3 analogous to the mineral fluorapatite and for Yb5S[SiO4]3 as a bromapatite—type variety. The crystal structure containing isolated [SiO4]4— tetrahedra distinguishes two rare‐earth cation positions with coordination numbers of nine (M1) and seven (M2), in which the position M1 of the europium fluoride silicate is almost exclusively occupied by Eu2+ cations, whereas in ytterbium sulfide silicate it contains di‐ and trivalent Yb cations in the ratio 1 : 1. In both cases, however, the M2 position is only populated with M3+.  相似文献   

13.
Pressure‐induced structural changes and electronic properties of rhombohedral Eu4P3 were characterised by means of X‐ray powder diffraction and X‐ray absorption spectroscopy at the Eu LIII threshold. The measurements at low pressures indicate oxidation states of the europium atoms which are compatible with a composition Eu32+Eu3+P3. At a pressure of 8(1) GPa, Eu4P3 undergoes a structural phase transition. The cubic high pressure modification with (anti‐)Th3P4 type crystal structure is also identified as a compound with a non‐integer average oxidation state of the europium atoms.  相似文献   

14.
Structure and Properties of Ba2Mg3Si4, a Zintl Phase with Planar Si6 Units Within the scope of the investigations on the phase system Ba/Mg/Si a new ternary Zintl phase of the composition Ba2Mg3Si4 was found and structurally characterized. The silicon substructure is built up of Si2 pairs and a new type of Zintl anion, a planar Si6 chain. Temperature dependent measurements of the electric conductivity and the magnetic susceptibility show a metallic behavior. Accompanying quantumchemical investigations on the base of the LMTO-ASA method confirm these results and allow an insight in the present bond situation.  相似文献   

15.
Pyridinium Chlorometallates of Lanthanoid Elements. Crystal Structures of [HPy]2[LnCl5(Py)] mit Ln = Eu, Er, Yb und von [H(Py)2][YbCl4(Py)2] · Py The pyridinium chlorometallates [HPy]2[LnCl5(Py)] with Ln = Eu, Er and Yb, as well as [H(Py)2][YbCl4(Py)2]·Py have been obtained by the reaction of diacetone alcohol with solutions of the corresponding metal trichlorides in pyridine at 100 °C. According to the crystal structure determinations the anions [LnCl5(Py)]2— are linked by bifurcated Cl···H···Cl bridges with the protons of the [HPy]+ cations forming chains along [001]. The anions of [H(Py)2][YbCl4(Py)2]·Py form discrete octahedrons with trans‐positions of the pyridine ligands. [HPy]2[EuCl5(Py)] ( 1a ): Space group Pnma, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at —80 °C: a = 1874.4(2), b = 1490.2(2), c = 741.5(1) pm, R1 = 0.0466. [HPy]2[ErCl5(Py)] ( 1b ): Space group Pnma, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at —80 °C: a = 1864.3(1), b = 1480.7(2), c = 739.7(1) pm, R1 = 0.0314. [HPy]2[YbCl5(Py)] ( 1c ): Space group Pnma, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at —80 °C: a = 1858.9(2), b = 1479.0(1), c = 736.8(1) pm, R1 = 0.0306. [H(Py)2][YbCl4(Py)2]·Py ( 2 ·Py): Space group Ia, Z = 4, lattice dimensions at —80 °C: a = 1865.5(1), b = 827.5(1), c = 1873.4(1) pm, ß = 103.97(1)°, R1 = 0.0258.  相似文献   

16.
Transparent orange‐red crystals of [Yb(MeCp)2(O2CPh)]2 obtained by oxidation of Yb(MeCp)2 with Tl(O2CPh) in tetrahydrofuran have a dimeric structure with bridging bidentate (O,O′)‐benzoate groups and eight‐coordinate ytterbium.  相似文献   

17.
CoIn3, RhIn3, and IrIn3 were synthesized by reacting the elements in sealed tantalum tubes at 1170 K and subsequent annealing at 770 K. The structures of the three compounds (FeGa3 type, space group P42/mnm) were refined from single crystal X-ray data: a = 682.82(6), c = 709.08(7) pm, wR2 = 0.0407, 397 F2 values for CoIn3, a = 698.28(8), c = 711.11(9) pm, wR2 = 0.0592, 418 F2 values for RhIn3, and a = 699.33(5), c = 719.08(5) pm, wR2 = 0.0625, 482 F2 values for IrIn3 with 16 parameters for each refinement. The structures may be considered as an intergrowth of tungsten-like building blocks of indium atoms and AlB2-like slabs of compositions In&Co, In&Rh, and In&Ir, respectively. These are compared with the related intergrowth variants found for compounds with ordered U3Si2 and Zr3Al2 type structure. Semi-empirical band structure calculations for RhIn3 reveal low density-of-states (DOS) at the Fermi level and negative Rh–Rh crystal orbital overlap populations (COOP) indicating antibonding Rh–Rh interactions. The bonding characteristics of CoIn3, RuIn3, and IrIn3 are similar to RhIn3. Magnetic susceptibility measurements of compact polycrystalline samples of CoIn3, RhIn3, and IrIn3 indicate weak Pauli paramagnetism.  相似文献   

18.
Eu(BA)3phen的晶体结构和荧光光谱   总被引:13,自引:1,他引:13  
标题配合物晶体属三斜晶系,P1空间群,晶胞参数a=10792(2)nm,b=11896(2)nm,c=12446nm,α=10512(3)°,β=9376(3)°,γ=11319(3)°,V=1392(1)nm-3,Z=2,Dx=1659g·cm-3。配合物晶体由双核分子组成,两个中心Eu3+通过羧基桥联,它们的化学环境相同。Eu3+的配位数为8,其配位多面体为一畸变的四方反棱柱体。在77K配合物的荧光光谱说明配合物中仅存在一种Eu3+格位。  相似文献   

19.
Recrystallization of Ln(NO3)3 (Ln = Sm, Eu, Yb) in the presence of 18‐crown‐6 under aqueous conditions yielded [Ln(NO3)3(H2O)3] · 18‐crown‐6. X‐ray crystallography revealed isomorphous structures for each of the lanthanide complexes where [Ln(NO3)3(H2O)3] is involved in hydrogen bonding interactions with 18‐crown‐6. The transition point where the structural motif changes from [Ln(18‐crown‐6)(NO3)3] (with the metal residing in the crown cavity) to [Ln(NO3)3(H2O)3] · 18‐crown‐6 has been identified as at the Nd/Sm interface. A similar investigation involving [Ln(tos)3(H2O)6] (tos = p‐toluenesulfonate) and 18‐crown‐6 were resistant to crown incorporation. X‐ray studies show extensive intra‐ and intermolecular hydrogen bonding is present.  相似文献   

20.
Cs[Yb(NPPh3)4] – a Homoleptic Phosphoraneiminato Complex of Ytterbium Cesium tetrakis(phosphoraneiminato)ytterbate, Cs[Yb(NPPh3)4] ( 1 ) has been prepared by the reaction of the dimeric complex [Yb(NPPh3)3]2 with CsNPPh3 in thf solution. 1 crystallizes from thf solution to give colourless moisture sensitive crystals which contain three molecules thf per asymmetric unit. According to the crystal structure determination 1 forms a dimeric ion ensemble [Cs{Yb(NPPh3)4}]2 in which the Cs+ ions connect the [Yb(NPPh3)4] ions via Cs…N bridges. The ytterbium atoms are distorted tetrahedrally coordinated by the nitrogen atoms of the phosphoraneiminato ligands (NPPh3) with short Yb–N‐bond lengths between 212.1 and 221.9(8) pm. The included thf molecules are without bonding contacts with the complex. [Cs{Yb(NPPh3)4}]2 · 6 thf: Space group P 1, Z = 2, lattice dimensions at 193 K: a = 1837.2(2), b = 2041.5(2), c = 2095.8(2) pm, α = 79.953(13)°, β = 79.364(11)°, γ = 88.239(12)°, R = 0.0625.  相似文献   

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