On Bruck-Reilly extensions

We present a generalization for the procedure of taking Bruck-Reilly extensions, and we characterize abstractly the regular semigroups which can be obtained in this way. We shall in particular characterize the regular semigroups which can be obtained by considering the usual Bruck-Reilly extensions. Our procedure generalizes Munn’s construction [3] which in its turn combines ideas used by Bruck [1] and Reilly [4].     

An analytic proof of the geometric quantization conjecture of Guillemin-Sternberg

We present a direct analytic approach to the Guillemin-Sternberg conjecture [GS] that `geometric quantization commutes with symplectic reduction', which was proved recently by Meinrenken [M1], [M2] and Vergne [V1], [V2] et al. Besides providing a new proof of this conjecture, our methods also lead immediately to further extensions in various contexts. Oblatum 3-IX-1996 & 4-VIII-1997     

Varieties of Structurally Trivial Semigroups II

Abstract. Melnik [5] determined completely the lattice of all 2-nilpotent extensions of rectangular band varieties; and Koselev [4] determined a distributive sublattice formed by certain varieties of n-nilpotent extensions of left zero bands. In [2] the author described the skeleton of the lattice of all 3-nilpotent extensions of rectangular bands. We generalize these results by proving that a certain family of semigroup varieties which includes all the varieties mentioned above, and referred to here as planar varieties, consisting of certain n-nilpotent extensions of rectangular bands forms a distributive sublattice that looks somewhat like an inverted pyramid. Our proof makes use of a countably infinite family of injective endomorphisms on the lattice of all semigroup varieties that was introduced by the author in [1]. Although we do not determine completely the lattice of all n-nilpotent extensions of rectangular band varieties, our result unifies certain previously known results and provides a framework for further research.     

Embedding theorems for HNN extensions of inverse semigroups

A variant of an HNN extension of an inverse semigroup introduced by Gilbert [N.D. Gilbert, HNN extensions of inverse semigroups and groupoids, J. Algebra 272 (2004) 27-45] is defined provided that associated subsemigroups are order ideals. We show this presentation still makes sense without the assumption on associated subsemigroups in the sense that it gives a semigroup deserving to be an HNN extension, and it is embedded into another variant using the automata theoretical technique based on combinatorial and geometrical properties of Schützenberger graphs.     

Varieties of structurally trivial semigroups II

Melnik [5] determined completely the lattice of all 2-nilpotent extensions of rectangular band varieties; and Koselev [4] determined a distributive sublattice formed by certain varieties of n-nilpotent extensions of left zero bands. In [2] the author described the skeleton of the lattice of all 3-nilpotent extensions of rectangular bands. We generalize these results by proving that a certain family of semigroup varieties which includes all the varieties mentioned above, and referred to here as planar varieties, consisting of certain n-nilpotent extensions of rectangular bands forms a distributive sublattice that looks somewhat like an inverted pyramid. Our proof makes use of a countably infinite family of injective endomorphisms on the lattice of all semigroup varieties that was introduced by the author in [1]. Although we do not determine completely the lattice of all n-nilpotent extensions of rectangular band varieties, our result unifies certain previously known results and provides a framework for further research.     

Extensions hexaphiques des corps non commutatifs

A new class of extensions of skew fields, the so-called «hexaphic extensions», is studied in this paper. This study follows up «Anneaux polynômiaux à deux variables» [3] and «Anneaux hexaphiques d'une variable» [4]. A sub-class of hexaphic extensions is formed by pseudo-linear extensions. The general quadratic extensions are pseudo-linear [1]. General finite pseudo-linear extensions are now known [2]. In this paper, the hexaphic nature of general cubic extensions is shown and general finite hexaphic extensions are studied.     

Even more about the lattice of tense logics

The present paper is based on [11], where a number of conjectures are made concerning the structure of the lattice of normal extensions of the tense logicKt. That paper was mainly dealing with splittings of and some sublattices, and this is what I will concentrate on here as well. The main tool in analysing the splittings of will be the splitting theorem of [8]. In [11] it was conjectured that each finite subdirectly irreducible algebra splits the lattice of normal extensions ofK4t andS4t. We will show that this is not the case and that on the contrary only very few and trivial splittings of the mentioned lattices exist.I wish to thank Prof. Rautenberg for suggesting this work to me and for waiting patiently for two years until I started it. Thanks also to two anonymous referees and Frank Wolter for helpful discussion of this paper. One of the referees deserves special mentioning for his precise and detailed criticism     

On Extensions of Dynamical Systems by Function Algebras

A kind of extensions of dynamical systems by function algebras, which are called tame extensions, was introduced in [5] and [6]. In this paper, we search for sufficient conditions under which tame extensions preserve recurrence, periodicity, almost periodicity, semisimplicity, etc. To this end we introduce and study a new (stronger) kind of recurrence, which may be of independent interest. We also provide some examples which show that our hypotheses cannot, in general, be relaxed.     

Retract rational fields and cyclic Galois extensions

In [23], this author began a study of so-called lifting and approximation problems for Galois extensions. One primary point was the connection between these problems and Noether’s problem. In [24], a similar sort of study was begun for central simple algebras, with a connection to the center of generic matrices. In [25], the notion of retract rational field extension was defined, and a connection with lifting questions was claimed, which was used to complete the results in [23] and [24] about Noether's problem and generic matrices. In this paper we, first of all, set up a language which can be used to discuss lifting problems for very general “linear structures”. Retract rational extensions are defined, and proofs of their basic properties are supplied, including their connection with lifting. We also determine when the function fields of algebraic tori are retract rational, and use this to further study Noether’s problem and cyclic 2-power Galois extensions. Finally, we use the connection with lifting to show that ifp is a prime, then the center of thep degree generic division algebra is retract rational over the ground field. The author is grateful for NSF support under grant #MCS79-04473.     

One-point extension and recollement

This paper is devoted to studying the recollement of the categories of finitely generated modules over finite dimensional algebras. We prove that for algebras A, B and C, if A-mod admits a recollement relative to B-mod and C-mod, then A[R]-mod admits a recollement relative to B[S]-mod and C-mod, where A[R]and B[S]are the one-point extensions of A by R and of B by S.     

A Note on One Point Near-Compactifications

In [2], R. A. HERRMANN constructed two types of one point nearly-compact HAUSDORFF extensions for a locally nearly-compact HAUSDORFF but not nearly-compact space. The present author [4] introduced a new class of functions called δ-continuous. In this note we investigate the relationship between δ-continuous functions and one point nearly-compact HAUSDORFF extensions.     

Derived dynkin extensions

The finite dimensional tame hereditary algebras are associated with the extended Dynkin diagrams. An indecomposable module over such an algebra is either preprojective or preinjective or lies in a family of tubes whose tubular type is the corresponding Dynkin diagram. The study of one-point extensions by simple regular modules in such tubes was initiated in [Ri].

We generalise this approach by starting out with algebras which are derived equivalent to a tame hereditary algebra and considering one-point extensions by modules which are simple regular in tubes in the derived category. If the obtained tubular type is again a Dynkin diagram these algebras are called derived Dynkin extensions.

Our main theorem says that a representation infinite algebra is derived equivalent to a tame hereditary algebra iff it is an iterated derived Dynkin extension of a tame concealed algebra. As application we get a new proof of a theorem in [AS] about domestic tubular branch enlargements which uses the derived category instead of combinatorial arguments.     

Constructive methods for certain Bergman operators

This paper is concerned with the class of linear partial differential equations of second order such that there exist Bergman operators with polynomial kernels (cf, [12]). In an earlier paper [ll] the authors have shown that these equations also admit differential operators as introduced by K. W. Bauer [I]. In the present paper, relations between different types of representations of solutions are investigated. These representations are of interest in developing a function theory of solutions; cf., for instance, K. W. Bauer [I] and S. Ruscheweyh [19]. They are also essential to global extensions of local results obtained by means of Bergman operators of the first kind. The inversion problem for those operators is solved, and it is shown that all solutions of equations of that class which are holomorphic in a domain of C² can be represented by operators with polynomial kernels. Furthermore, a construction principle for deriving the equations investigated by K. W. Bauer [2] is obtained; this yields corresponding representations of solutions by differential and integral operators in a systematic fashion     

Topological space objects in a topos II: ɛ-Completeness and ɛ-cocompleteness

It is well known that topoi satisfy strong internal completeness and cocompleteness conditions: Lawvere [4] announced the existence of internal Kan extensions; proofs may be found in Kock and Wraith [3] and Diaconescu [2]. In this paper I give an explicit construction of the limit of an internal functor and lift the completeness and cocompleteness of ? to the category of topological space objects in ? defined by internalizing the definition in terms of open sets (as in [7] and [8]).     

Null Extensions and Generalized Inflations of Brandt Semigroups

Clarke and Monzo defined in [3] a construction called a generalized inflation of a semigroup. It is always the case that any inflation of a semigroup is a generalized inflation, and any generalized inflation of a semigroup is a null extension of the semigroup. Clarke and Monzo proved that any associative null extension of a base semigroup which is a union of groups is in fact a generalized inflation. In this paper we study null extensions and generalized inflations of Brandt semigroups. We first prove that any generalized inflation of a Brandt semigroup is actually an inflation of the semigroup. This answers a question posed by Clarke and Monzo in [3]. Then we characterize associative null extensions of Brandt semigroups, and show that there are associative null extensions of Brandt semigroups which are not generalized inflations.     

Ultrafilters and Regular Extensions of Re-proximities

There is a one-to-one correspondence between the proximities on a set X and some symmetric relations on ultrafilters, the so-called "nasses" of [9] and [10]. It is proved in [4] that one gets a new characterization of RI-proximities from this correspondence. The purpose of this paper is to show that the same method is also of interest for RE-proximities which were studied by Császár in [6]. By the introduction of the equivalence kernel and domain of a nasse, we give a new characterization and new regular extensions for these proximities.     

Torsion free extensions and perfect localizations

This note may be viewed as a continuation of the ideas developed in [13]. We start by reviewing some principles concering bimodule localization, the fundamentals of which the reader is assumed to be familiar with. In particular, the main properties of perfect localization and their relation to extensions are recollected. Next, we introduce the idea of a torsion free extension and prove its main features, especially in relation to torsion theories. We conclude by generalizing a theorem of L. Rowen's [9] concerning rings which are torsion free over their center to arbitrary torsion free extensions. His results are thus shown to be of torsion theoretic nature.     

Non-embeddable simple relation algebras

This paper presents solutions or partial solutions for several problems in the theory of relation algebras. In a simple relation algebra an element x satisfying the condition (a) must be an atom of . It follows that x must also be an atom in every simple extension of . Andréka, Jónsson and Németi [1, Problem 4] (see [12, Problem P5]) asked whether the converse holds: if x is an atom in every simple extension of a simple relation algebra, must it satisfy (a)? We show that the answer is “no”.? The only known examples of simple relation algebras without simple proper extensions are the algebras of all binary relations on a finite set. Jónsson proposed finding all finite simple relation algebras without simple proper extensions [12, Problem P6]. We show how to construct many new examples of finite simple relation algebras that have no simple proper extensions, thus providing a partial answer for this second problem. These algebras are also integral and nonrepresentable.? Andréka, Jónsson, Németi [1, Problem 2] (see [12, Problem P7]) asked whether there is a countable simple relation algebra that cannot be embedded in a one-generated relation algebra. The answer is “yes”. Givant [3, Problem 9] asked whether there is some k such that every finitely generated simple relation algebra can be embedded in a k-generated simple relation algebra. The answer is “no”. Received November 27, 1996; accepted in final form July 3, 1997.     

强symmetric环

为了统一交换环和约化环的层表示,Lambek引进了Symmetric环.继续symmetric环的研究,定义引入了强symmetric环的概念,研究它的一些扩张性质.证明环R是强symmetric环当且仅当R[x]是强symmetric环当且仅当R[x;x~(-1)]是强symmetric环.也证明对于右Ore环R的经典右商环Q,R是强symmetric环当且仅当Q是强symmetric环.