Kl3介子衰变

本文通过强作用K-π中间态,利用色散关系理论计算了Г(K_μ3⁺)/Г(K_α3⁺),Г(K₂⁰→πμ⁺ν)/Г(K₂⁰→πe⁺ν),{Г(K₂⁰→πe⁺ν)+Г(K₂⁰→πe^-ν)}/Г(K_α3⁺)分支比及K_μ3⁺衰变中的μ谱,当选择定则|ΔI|=1/2及ΔS=+ΔQ被破坏,并且I_z=1/2及I_z=3/2的振幅f^{3/2 1/2}(0)及f^{3/2 3/2}(0)不等时,上述分支比与实验能很好符合。在本文的理论中,形式因子不是常数。     

奇异介子光生反应的QCD描述

从低能QCD有效拉氏量出发,利用重子夸克结构的[SU_SF(6)⊙O(3)]_sym.⊙SU_c(3)波函数,研究了在核子上的奇异介子光生反应.计算了γ+p→K⁺+Λ反应的微分截面.结果表明:与传统唯象的强子理论相比,仅有一个自由参数(即强相互作用耦合常数)的QCD理论成功地描述了反应过程,很好地解释了实验结果.     

K+介子的三体轻子衰变

本文利用色散关系方法,假设普适V-A弱相互作用和奇异矢量流不守恒,从而对形状因子f₀,f₁的色散关系进行一次减去,计算了K_μ3⁺、K_e3⁺衰变中的π⁰能谱,K_μ3⁺衰变中的μ⁺能谱和μ⁺的纵向极化。计算中只考虑了K₁^*(m_*=888MeV)中间态对色散积分的贡献。参数σ取为+2.1的结果和实验在误差范围内相符合。放弃奇异矢量流部分守恒假设与实验符合的程度比保持这一假设要好一些。     

热核表面能的Thomas–Fermi统计模型理论

用Seyler-Blanchard动量相关非定域相互作用的含温Thomas-Fermi统计理论,对半无穷大核物质模型计算了核物质表面能系数σ(T,δ)随温度T和不对称度δ的变化,发现在低温T≤5MeV和不对称度δ≤0.2时,可以近似写成σ(T,δ)=σ₀(T)[1+K(T)δ²],其中σ₀(T)和K(T)可以拟合成温度T的二次函数.     

原子核的对相互作用对裂变碎块角分布的影响

我们把Migdal的关于基态原子核转动惯量的半经典近似的推导,推广到激发态(T≠0)情形;并由此计算了裂变碎块角分布参数K₀²。与实验数据比较的结果表明:在现有近似下,原子核的对相互作用能解释U区裂变核在低激发能(E_exc≤15MeV)时,K₀²“反常”小的现象,同时利用对相互作用与角动量的依赖关系,可以定性地解释Pb附近裂变核并没有这种“反常”现象。     

铁磁性的量子理论

本文用双时格林函数方法计算了铁磁性金属在整个温度范围内的自发磁化强度和磁各向异性常数K₁。计算中考虑了平均每个原子的d电子数非整数的事实和同一原子内d电子之间的交换作用。所得结果较普通Heisenberg模型的有所改进。K₁随温度的变化性质可以得到定性的解释。     

Ni-FeCr多层膜的磁各向异性和自旋波谱

Ni-FeCr多层模采用直流溅射法制备。由拟合铁磁一致共振场的角度关系确定它们具有单铀磁各向导性。各向异性能可表示为:E_K=K₁sin²θ+K₂sin⁴θ,其中K₂/K₁≈0.59。然而,表面模的特性揭示这些多层膜表面和界面的各向异性并非单轴型。我们认为这源于在表面和界面的交换耦合作用。     

ψ′强衰变分支比测定中探测效率的修正

利用北京谱仪收集的4×10⁶ψ′事例样本,在ψ′衰变到ωπ⁺π^－,b₁π,ωf₂(1270),ωK⁺K^－,ωpp,φπ⁺π^－,φf₀(980),φK⁺K^－,φpp末态的研究中,讨论了粒子鉴别条件和运动学拟合的选择效率及其修正,据此得到了这9个末态的分支比的初步结果,检验了微扰QCD预期的12%规则.     

Regarding the axial-vector mesons

The implications of the f₁(1285)-f₁(1420) mixing for the K₁(³P₁)- K₁(¹P₁) mixing angle are investigated. Based on the f₁(1285)-f₁(1420) mixing angle ∼ 50^° suggested from the analysis for a substantial body of data concerning the f₁(1420) and f₁(1285), the masses of the K₁(³P₁) and K₁(¹P₁) are determined to be ∼ 1307.35±0.63 MeV and 1370.03±9.69 MeV, respectively, which therefore suggests that the K₁(³P₁)- K₁(¹P₁) mixing angle is about ±(59.55±2.81)^°. Also, it is found that the mass of the h^′₁(¹P₁) (mostly of sˉ) state is about 1495.18±8.82 MeV. Comparison of the predicted results and the available experimental information of the h₁(1380) shows that without further confirmation on the h₁(1380), the assignment of the h₁(1380) as the sˉ member of the ¹P₁ meson nonet may be premature.     

一种新型的两态叠加MSCS光场的广义非线性等阶N次方H压缩

本文利用新近建立的多模压缩态理论,详细研究了一种新型的两态叠加多模薛定谔猫态(即MSCS)光场|ψ⁽²⁾〉_q的广义非线性等阶N次方H压缩效应.结果发现:1态|ψ⁽²⁾〉_q是一种典型的非经典光场;当压缩阶数N与腔模总数q这两者之积为偶数,即qN=2p,并且p为奇数亦即p=2m’+1(m’=0,1,2,3,…,…)时,如果各模的初始相位和∑_j=1^qψ_j态间的初始相位差(θ_pq^(I)-θ_nq^(R))、各多模相干态光场的总的平均光子数∑_j=1^qR_j²等满足一定的量子化条件(或者当∑_j=1^qR_j²在总的平均光子数∑_j=1^qR_j²的一系列压缩区内连续取值时),态|ψ(2)〉q总可呈现出周期性变化的、任意阶的广义非线性等阶N次方H压缩效应.2态|ψ⁽²⁾〉_q的第一及第二两个正交分量,其压缩结果(亦即压缩程度和压缩深度)完全相同,但压缩条件不同;两者的等阶N次方H压缩效应呈现出周期性的互补关系.3与文献16相比,本文所研究的态|ψ⁽²⁾〉_q的等阶N次方H压缩效应是比其等阶N次方Y压缩效应更高阶的广义非线性等阶高阶压缩效应.     

Angular dependence of the Knight shift, electric field gradient, and spin-lattice relaxation time of 9Be NMR in beryllium metal

Angular dependences of ⁹Be NMR (±1/2) and (±1/2 ? ±3/20 transition frequencies are measured in a single-crystal beryllium metal plate in a field of 7.04T. The isotropic K _iso and anisotropic K _aniso components of the Knight shift are determined. The measured values of K _iso and T ₁ are considered in terms of the contact, polarization, and orbital contributions.     

Electromagnetic and weak interactions in stochastic space-time: A review

A scheme for a nonlocal theory of quantized fields based on the hypothesis of stochastic space is proposed. Within this scheme the gauge-invariant quantum electrodynamics of particles with spin 0, 1/2, 1 and four-fermion weak interactions are constructed, and nonlocal corrections to the anomalous magnetic moments of leptons and to the Lamb shift are calculated. Some consequences of the neutrino oscillations and the electromagnetic properties of neutrinos are considered in detail. Further the rare decayK _L ⁰ →Μ⁺Μ^? and the mass difference ofK _L ⁰ andK _S ⁰ mesons are investigated in this model. It is shown that the parameter of nonlocality (elementary lengthl) of weak interactions which can characterize a domain of unification of weak and electromagnetic interactions is ～10^?16 cm. The low-energy experiments imply that quantum electrodynamics is valid up to distances of order ～10^?15 cm.     

Temperature dependence of anisotropy in monocrystalline lithium ferrite films

A study of crystallographic and uniaxial anisotropy in monocrystalline Li-ferrite films in the temperature range 4.2–550°K is presented. The experimental results K₁(T) agree well with calculations based on the one ion model with crystalline field coefficients of a_A=–2.77 ·10^–2 cm^–1, a_B=3.34 · 10^–2 cm^–1. An experimental function K_u(T) is obtained which does not contradict the assumption that anisotropic stresses are responsible for the development of uniaxial anisotropy in Li-ferrite films.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 8, pp. 113–116, August, 1973.     

Magnetic anisotropy and saturation of LaFe12O19 and some related compounds

The saturation magnetization σ_s and uniaxial anisotropy constants K₁ and K₂ are measured on a polycrystalline, crystal-oriented sample of LaFe₁₂O₁₉ contaminated with known amounts of Fe₃O₄ and LaFeO₃. K₁ and K₂ increase strongly with decreasing temperature and the value of K₁ = (19–24) × 10⁵ erg/g at T = 0 shows that the substance is considerably more anisotropic than BaFe₁₂O₁₉ (K₁ ? 8·5 × 10⁵ erg/g) at low temperatures. The σ_s-T curve is more convex than that of BaFe₁₂O₁₉, so that σ_s is 11 per cent higher at room temperature but lower at T = 0. The value σ_s(T = 0) = 96·2 G cm³/g (19·2 μ_B/molecule) and the anisotropic behaviour are attributed to the presence of 1 Fe²⁺/molecule occupying the octahedral 2a sites in the magnetoplumbite lattice and having a uniaxial anisotropy of 10–15 cm^?1/ion.From measurements on polycrystalline, crystal-oriented samples of BaFe_10·8Fe²⁺_0·6Ti⁴⁺_0·6O₁₉ and BaFe_10·5Fe²⁺_1·0Sb⁵⁺_0·5O₁₉ it was found that, in comparison with LaFe₁₁Fe²⁺O₁₉, σ_s (T = 0) is smaller and K₁ is much smaller and much less temperature-dependent. The difference in anisotropic behaviour is attributed to a different distribution of the Fe²⁺ ions among the lattice sites due to the effective positive charge of the Ti⁴⁺ and Sb⁵⁺ ions.     

On the parameters of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy of U3P4 and U3As4 single crystals

Conclusion The change from the zero to the first approximations is accompanied by the change of the sign ofK ₁,K ₂ ¹ being of the same order asK ₁ ¹ . It implies that the neglection of further members of the expansion in (2) may not be quite right. Therefore it might be better to take into consideration also the effect of the further members in (5), but in such a case equation (7) would contain so many unknown parametersK _i ^j , that another way how to solve it would be necessary. In our case, (7) is an equation of a tangent to the curveK ₁ ⁰ =f(1–x ²) at const.H, which has enabled us to determine the dependencesK ₁ ¹ (T, H) andK ₂ ¹ (T, H). Generally, there are other methods of studying the parametersK _i ^j (based on the analysis of torque curves for example) which are more suitable in similar cases, but these methods usually allow necessary measurements only in the fields considerably less than those used in [5].     

Localized magnon gap modes in the 2-d Ising antiferromagnets K2CoF4 and Rb2CoF4

The defect (Mn²⁺,Ni²⁺,Fe²⁺) induced magnon gap modes in the layered antiferromagnets K₂CoF₄ and Rb₂CoF₄ were investigated with the methods of FIR absorption-and IR emission spectroscopy. The anisotropic exchange-parameters describing the strongly localized Mn²⁺ spin excitations far below the host lattice magnon band and the Ni²⁺ excitations in the vacinity of this band are presented. In the diluted system K₂Co_1-cMn_cF₄ localized Mn²⁺ cluster modes up to about C≈0.1 were observed. The excitation energy of these modes can only be explained by assuming an anisotropic Mn²⁺-Mn²⁺ exchange which is in contrast to the pure isomorphous system K₂MnF₄. In the spin mismatch system K₂CoF₄: Fe the magnetic moments of the isolated Fe²⁺ impurities are pulled from the plane perpendicular to the c-axis and aligned parallel to the easy axis of the magnetic crystal.     

The Weinberg-Salam model and weak radiative decays of KL mesons

Weak radiative decays K_L → 2γ and K_L → π⁺π^?γ are considered in the Weinberg-Salam model for weak interactions and in the framework of asymptotically free gauge theory (AFGT) for strong interactions (SI). The problem of calculation of the decays at short and large distances is discussed. It is shown that only the large distance contribution is essential for each decay. The estimates of these contributions being rough, it proves impossible to compare them with experiment. However, using anomalous PCAC theory we derive the relation connecting the contributions for these two decays and, hence, the decay amplitudes via the known constants. Experimental data confirm the obtained result. The important result of the paper is that the matrix elements of the effective Hamiltonian specifying the decays at short distances are not dynamically enhanced, unlike the case of weak non-leptonic amplitudes.     

Superconductivity and normal state resistivity of Ba0.6K0.4BiO3: an optical phonon approach

We discuss the nature of the pairing mechanism and the physical properties associated with the normal as well as the superconducting state of cubic perovskites Ba_0.6K_0.4BiO₃using the strong coupling theory. An interaction potential which includes the Coulomb, electron–optical phonon and electron–plasmon interactions is developed to elucidate the superconducting state. A model dielectric function is constructed with these interactions fulfilling thef-sum rule. The screening parameter (μ^* = 0.26) infers the poor screening of charge carriers. The electron–optical phonon strength (λ) estimated as 0.98 is consistent with an attractive electron–electron interaction and supports the moderate to strong coupling theory. The superconducting transition temperature of Ba_0.6K_0.4BiO₃is then estimated as 32 K. Ziman's formula of resistivity is employed to analyse and compare this with the temperature-dependent resistivity of a single crystal. The estimated contribution from the electron–optical phonon together with the residual resistivity clearly infers a difference when a comparison is made with experimental data. The subtracted data infer a quadratic temperature dependence in the temperature domain (30 ≤ T ≤ 200 K). The quadratic temperature dependence of ρ [ = ρ_exp − (ρ₀ + ρ_e–ph)] is understood in terms of 3D electron–electron inelastic scattering. The presence of these el–el and el–ph interactions allows a coherent interpretation of the physical properties. Analysis reveals that a moderate to strong coupling exists in the Ba_0.6K_0.4BiO₃system and the coupling of electrons with the high-energy optical phonons of the oxygen breathing mode will be a reason for superconductivity. The implications of the above analysis are discussed.     

FTIR Study of the ν1/ν4 Bands of D3SiCl near 1600 cm

The ν₁ (A₁, 1583.22 cm⁻¹) and ν₄ (E, 1615.33 cm⁻¹) Si-D stretching bands of monoisotopic D₃Si³⁵Cl have been studied by FTIR spectroscopy with a resolution of 3.3×10⁻³ cm⁻¹. We have assigned 2341 rovibrational lines for ν₁ (J_max=70, K_max=19) and 6207 for ν₄ (J_max=75, K_max=27). Both (ΔK=±1, Δ?=±1) and (ΔK=±2, Δ?=?1) interactions connect the v₁=1 and v₄=1 levels, the latter exerting moreover a weak ?(2, 2) interaction. These interactions were taken into account in a nonlinear least-squares fit, refining 29 free parameters with a standard deviation of 0.257×10⁻³ cm⁻¹ over 6722 nonzero-weighted data. Blended lines and about 250 of the 330 lines belonging to the K=11 subband of ν₁ and the KΔK=−6 subband of ν₄ were zero-weighted because they are locally perturbed respectively by the neighboring upper states of the 2ν₃+ν₆ (E, 1561.95 cm⁻¹) and 3ν₃ (A₁, 1604.81 cm⁻¹) bands. Equivalent fits were obtained for altogether three different models obeying constraints according to the theory of unitary equivalent reductions of the rovibrational Hamiltonian. By means of a band contour simulation both the transition moment ratio |M₁:M₄|=0.67 and a positive sign of the Coriolis intensity perturbation were determined.