Influence of a Single Frequency Electromagnetic Wave on Energy Spectrum of Nonpolariton System in a Kerr Nonlinear Blackbody

In a Kerr nonlinear blackbody, bare photons with opposite wave vectors and helieities are bound into pairs and unpaired photons are transformed into a different kind of quasiparticle, the nonpolariton. The present paper investigates the influence of a single frequency electromagnetic wave on the energy spectrum of the nonpolariton system. We find that the wave can lead to an energy shift of nonpolaritons. Moreover, we calculate the first-order energy shift on certain conditions.     

Normal group-velocity dispersion Kerr frequency comb

We show via numerical simulation that Kerr frequency combs can be generated in a nonlinear resonator characterized with normal group-velocity dispersion. We find the spectral shape of the comb and temporal envelope of the corresponding optical pulses formed in the resonator.     

Radiation Laws of a Kerr Nonlinear Blackbody in a Moving Frame of Reference

A Kerr nonlinear blackbody (KNB) is a new kind of blackbody in which bare photons with opposite wave vectors and helicities are bound into pairs and unpaired photons are transformed into nonpolaritons. In the present paper, the radiation of a KNB is considered from the viewpoint of an observer in arbitrary uniform motion with respect to a rest frame of reference of the radiation. It is found that the radiation laws, which include the distribution of nonpolaritons and so forth, are modified due to the motion. Moreover, under a special condition, we notice that the only effect of the motion is to introduce an angle-dependent directional temperature, which replaces the rest-frame temperature of the cavity. Besides, we try to extend the model of a KNB to the whole Universe and apply the modified radiation laws to the question of 2.7 K cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR).     

Cavity nonlinear optics at low photon numbers from collective atomic motion

We report on Kerr nonlinearity and dispersive optical bistability of a Fabry-Perot optical resonator due to the displacement of ultracold atoms trapped within. In the driven resonator, such collective motion is induced by optical forces acting upon up to 10(5) 87Rb atoms prepared in the lowest band of a one-dimensional intracavity optical lattice. The longevity of atomic motional coherence allows for strongly nonlinear optics at extremely low cavity photon numbers, as demonstrated by the observation of both branches of optical bistability at photon numbers below unity.     

Nonlinearity penalties and benefits of light traveling in a fiber optic ring resonator

The nonlinearity properties of light traveling in a fiber optic ring resonator (FORR) are presented. The nonlinearity penalties suffering from Kerr effects and four-wave mixing nonlinear types including bistability, chaos and bifurcation are investigated. The advantages of the nonlinearity penalties including photon correlation, optical switching and information security using chaotic signals are also discussed. The obtained results have shown that the parameters of FORR can be changed, and thus the penalties of the nonlinear effects have shown the potential of using for some applications.     

非线性反馈法控制相位共轭波的光学时空混沌

相位共轭振荡器由一个标准镜和一个具有快速响应的无损耗Kerr介质作为相位共轭介质的相位共轭镜组成.利用非线性反馈方法，对相位共轭振荡器中的时间混沌和耦合相位共轭波映象系统中的时空混沌进行了控制，得到了稳定的控制结果.数值实验表明，该控制方法不需预先了解动力学系统，只需调整反馈系数，在实际系统中容易实现.控制结果为相位共轭波的混沌研究提供了理论依据. 关键词： 非线性反馈控制 相位共轭振荡器 混沌 时空混沌     

Spectral Energy Density in a Kerr Nonlinear Blackbody

In a Kerr nonlinear blackbody, bare photons with opposite wave vectors and helicities are bound into pairs and unpaired photons are transformed into a new kind of quasiparticle, the nonpolariton. The nonpolariton system constitutes free thermal radiation in the blackbody. The present paper investigates the spectral energy density of the thermal radiation. It is found that the spectral energy density of a Kerr nonlinear blackbody is larger than that of a normal blackbody.     

Spectral Energy Density in a Kerr Nonlinear Blackbody

In a Kerr nonlinear blackbody, bare photons with opposite wave vectors and helicities are bound into pairsand unpaired photons are transformed into a new kind of quasiparticle, the nonpolariton. The nonpolariton system constitutes free thermal radiation in the blackbody. The present paper investigates the spectral energy density of the thermal radiation. It is found that the spectral energy density of a Kerr nonlinear blackbody is larger than that of a normal blackbody.     

Dissipative structures in left-handed material cavity optics

We study the spatiotemporal dynamics of spatially extended nonlinear cavities containing a left-handed material. Such materials, which have a negative index of refraction, have been experimentally demonstrated recently, and allow for novel electromagnetic behavior. We show that the insertion of a left-handed material in an optical resonator allows for controlling the value and the sign of the diffraction coefficient in dispersive Kerr resonators and degenerate optical parametric oscillators. We give an overview of our analytical and numerical studies on the stability and formation of dissipative structures in systems with negative diffraction.     

Nonlinear Fabry-Perot resonator with a silicon photonic crystal waveguide

We derive an equation that describes the nonlinear operation of a Fabry-Perot resonator with a large group index waveguide. Specifically, a silicon photonic crystal microcavity with two-photon-excited free carrier nonlinearity and Kerr nonlinearity is assumed. The equation clearly explains the bistability of the device and the reduction of the required pump energy for a specific nonlinear phase shift at an appropriate phase detuning from the resonance. We present a simple procedure to predict the required optical pump energy for the modulation and the resulting modulation depth by use of the equation and the device parameters.     

Modified radiation laws of a rectangular Kerr nonlinear blackbody

A Kerr nonlinear blackbody (KNB) is a new kind of blackbody in which bare photons with opposite wave vectors and helicities are bound into pairs and unpaired photons are transformed into nonpolaritons. In the present paper, we focus our investigation on the modified radiation laws, such as Planck and Stefan-Boltzmann radiation laws, of a rectangular KNB. Besides, the case of a KNB with no symmetry axes is also discussed. Finally, we make a numerical calculation of modified radiation laws of a cubic KNB under appropriate conditions, and we consider this work may lay the foundation for the experimental verification of the model of a KNB.     

Intensity noise of Kerr oscillators

Absorbing or emitting elements generate noise waves. The main purpose of this paper is to determine from first principles the spectral density of noise waves relating to nonlinear elements. This was done by considering the combination of linear elements (whose noise properties are well understood) and lossless circuits that are nonlinear because of the Kerr effect. Lossless nonlinear circuits transform noise waves but do not generate noise. A semiclassical theory shows that noise waves remain at the shot noise level (for full population inversion) if the optical gain is considered a function of photon rate (rather than optical intensity). This result, in exact agreement with an independent theory of spectral-hole burning, is conjectured to be general. Intensity fluctuations of a Kerr oscillator are squeezed below the shot-noise level for large Kerr constants.     

Self-Modulation of Scattering Intensity from a Silica Sphere Coated with a Sol-Gel Film Doped with J-Aggregates

A micrometer-sized nonlinear optical resonator constituted of a silica microsphere coated with J-aggregates has been fabricated by the sol-gel process. We determined the scattering light spectrum and discuss the application of the observed effect for the realization of an optical switching element. Optical evaluation of the sphere has been performed in the attenuated-total-reflection (ATR) configuration. We excited a whispering gallery mode and measured the nonlinear ATR signal dependence on excitation intensity. The experimental result agrees very well with the simulation results obtained using the Mie theory and the finite-difference time-domain method taking into account optical Kerr nonlinearity. The permittivity of the film of J-aggregates was measured by ATR method at several wavelengths and the value at the desired wavelength was determined by extrapolation using the Lorentz function.     

Enhanced linear and nonlinear optical phase response of AlGaAs microring resonators

We have constructed and characterized several optical microring resonators with scale sizes of the order of 10 microm. These devices are intended to serve as building blocks for engineerable linear and nonlinear photonic media. Light is guided vertically by an epitaxially grown structure and transversely by deeply etched air-clad sidewalls. We report on the spectral phase transfer characteristics of such resonators. We also report the observation of a pi-rad Kerr nonlinear phase shift accumulated in a single compact ring resonator evidenced by all-optical switching between output ports of a resonator-enhanced Mach-Zehnder interferometer.     

热透镜效应下的克尔透镜锁模

讨论了在增益介质与克尔介质分离情况下热透镜效应对克尔透镜锁模的影响，计算了克尔透镜锁模在热不敏感腔中需满足的条件，结果表明，通过适当地调整激光腔参数，有可能实现热不敏感的克尔透镜锁模。最后通过计算机数值模拟获得了对典型振荡腔设计参量的修正。     

具有像散的克尔透镜锁模腔的研究

从非线性薛定谔方程出发,经严格计算求得了在具有像散情况下,偏振垂直于传播方向的光束在克尔介质中传输的一般特性,所用的计算方法可应用于高斯光束及克尔透镜锁模腔的研究,并能对高功率情形进行计算。研究表明,在有其他锁模启动机制下,不一定要用［ｄω／ｄｐ］ｐ＝０＜０作为克尔透镜锁模的必要条件。对于光脉冲的压缩来说,椭圆形光阑将优于圆形光阑。     

Entangled photon states generation and regeneration using a nonlinear fiber ring resonator

We propose a simple system of the entangled photon states generation and regeneration using a standard diode laser, a Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) and a fiber optic ring resonator (FORR). Light from the diode laser is launched into an MZI and circulated in the FOOR, without any optical pumping components included in the system. The nonlinear light pulses are generated by a Kerr nonlinear effects type, while the resonance peaks are formed by the four-wave mixing of light pulses in the FORR. The entangled photons can be performed by using the polarization control device, and then detected by the avalanche photo-detectors, where the entangled photon visibility is plotted and seen. Similarly, the entangled photon states can be easily formed by using the appropriated coupling ratios into a fiber coupler, then into a ring resonator, i.e. without an MZI. The use of the entangled photons generation based on a fiber optic scheme for quantum teleportation, quantum key distribution via optical wireless link, and the system of the entangled photon states recovery by using a fiber ring resonator incorporating an erbium-doped fiber (EDF) have been investigated and discussed. The feasibility of dense coding using multi-entangled photons generation based on the fiber optic scheme and the effect of the entangled state walk-off along the optical fiber are also discussed, respectively.     

All-optical scheme for detecting the possible Majorana signature based on QD and nanomechanical resonator systems

Majorana fermions(MFs) are exotic particles that are their own anti-particles. Currently, the search for MFs occurring as quasiparticle excitations in condensed matter systems has attracted widespread interest, because of their importance in fundamental physics and potential applications in topological quantum computation based on solid-state devices. Motivated by recent experimental progress towards the detection and manipulation of MFs in hybrid semiconductor/superconductor heterostructures, in this review, we present a novel proposal to probe MFs in all-optical domain. We introduce a single quantum dot(QD), a hybrid quantum dot-nanomechanical resonators(QD-NR) system, and a carbon nanotube(CNT) resonator implanted in a single electron spin system with optical pump-probe technology to detect MFs, respectively. With this scheme, a possible Majorana signature is investigated via the probe absorption spectrum and nonlinear optical Kerr effect, and the coupling strength between MFs and the QD or the single electron spin is also determined. In the hybrid QD-NR system, vibration of the NR will enhance the nonlinear optical effect, which makes the MFs more sensitive for detection. In the CNT resonator with a single electron, the single electron spin can be considered as a sensitive probe, and the CNT resonator behaved as a phonon cavity is robust for detecting of MFs. This optical scheme will provide another method for the detection MFs and will open the door for new applications ranging from robust manipulation of MFs to quantum information processing based on MFs.     

Large-signal results for degenerate four-wave mixing and phase conjugate resonators

A numerical calculation procedure and various large-signal numerical solutions are presented for degenerate four-wave mixing in optical Kerr media, and for phase conjugate resonators using degenerate four-wave mixing. The solutions presented take full account of nonlinear refractive index changes, pump depletion, signal saturation, distributed losses, and possible external mirrors with laser gain. We find that including the nonlinear index change generally causes little change in the reflectivity or power output of degenerate four-wave mixing devices, at least with symmetric pumping. The optimum power output from a phase conjugate resonator with and without a laser gain medium is calculated. The results provide some theoretical guidance for designing phase conjugate resonators.     

Gaussian soliton generation using a 1.3 μm optical pulse in a micro-ring resonator for a new DWDM enhancement

We present a novel system of a Gaussian soliton generation using a 1.30 μm optical pulse in a nonlinear micro-ring resonator system, which can be used to form the soliton pulse trains within the new wavelength band. By using the suitable parameters, the soliton pulse trains with the center wavelength at 1.30 μm can be generated after the intense Gaussian pulse is input into the nonlinear micro-ring resonator system. The initial pulse bandwidth is enlarged and the signal amplified by the nonlinear Kerr effects type within the ring resonator. The simulation values are used associating with the practical device parameters, whereas the obtained results have shown that the wavelength enhancement of the center wavelength can be achieved. Furthermore, the maximum soliton output power of 12 W is obtained, which is available to perform the long-distance communication link. The common problem of soliton dispersion is minimized by the zero dispersion condition in this case. The major advantage of the proposed system is that the dense wavelength division of the center wavelength with the spectral width of 7.0 pm (10⁻¹⁵ m) and the free spectrum range of 400 pm can be generated and achieved. This is available for the used/installed wavelength enhancement, which can provide more available channel capacity in the existed public optical network.