Analytical chemistry in Balkan and East Mediterranean countries during 1994-2001

Research activity in the Balkan and East Mediterranean countries was evaluated on the basis of publications appearing in Analytical Abstracts (AA) during the cumulative 8-year period of 1994-2001. This was accomplished by assessing the scientific publication productivity in analytical chemistry as the number of publications from each country and the number of publications per population unit. To assess the impact in the scientific community, the mean impact factor for each country was calculated. The publication productivity trend was recorded for the 7-year period 1994-2000. Moreover, the preference to publish in specific journals per country was appraised. According to the total number of publications, Egypt (765 publications) and Greece (717 publications) are the most productive countries, while Slovenia shows the highest number of publications per million of population (140). Scientists from Israel published their work in the highest impact analytical journals with a mean impact factor of 2.02, followed by Slovenia (mean impact factor of 1.67) and Greece (mean impact factor of 1.53). Studies of scientists from different countries do not show any obvious preference to a single specific journal. It is interesting to note that preference for journals reveals the research interests of scientists from each country for sub-fields of analytical chemistry.     

Information resources in chemistry and related sciences: Publishing houses, electronic libraries, information networks, search and retrieval systems, databases, and catalogues

Data on changes in the status of many scientific journals are systematized. Newly organized journals, cessation of issues, journals incorporated into others, and merged and split journals are mentioned. Information is collected about a large number of scientific publishers which have made a significant contribution to the printed and electronic output and electronic libraries, information networks, search and retrieval systems, databases, and catalogs of scientific literature in chemistry and related sciences, including their web sites.     

The Current Usage of Selectivity Coefficients for the Characterization of Ion‐Selective Electrodes. A Critical Survey of the 2000/2001 Literature

The articles describing new ion‐selective electrodes published during the years 2000/2001 in eight leading analytical chemistry journals have been surveyed. Compliance with the IUPAC recommendations of the procedures used for characterizing the selectivity of the new electrodes has been checked. It was found that the information accompanying the selectivity data obtained according to the procedures recommended by IUPAC or their variations was frequently insufficient for interpreting of the electrode behavior and comparing with other sets of data, thus reducing the significance of the values provided. Some criteria for improving the communication between researchers in the field are suggested.     

Electroanalytical methods. Publications in 1999–2004

The scientometric study of publications on electrochemical methods of analysis (EMA) in a number of journals and proceedings of some conferences for 1999–2004 has been carried out. The contribution of papers on EMA to the total number of publications on analytical chemistry and the contribution of papers on individual methods (amperometry, voltammetry, including stripping and cyclic voltammetry, polarography, etc., potentiometry, including potentiometry with ion-selective electrodes, conductometry, coulometry, and other methods) to the total number of publications on EMA are estimated. Significant changes in the subject of publications, as well as in methodology and terminology, are noted over the period under review and compared to those over the earlier period. This is due to going from traditional studies to studies in the field of micro-and nanosized samples. The contributions of amperometry, electrochemiluminescence, chronoamperometry, chronopotentiometry, impedance measurements, spectroelectrochemical methods, and electrochemical microscopy have increased. It is noted that voltammetry and potentiometry are less used, but they are applied to the study of micro-and nanosized samples. In Russian publications, traditional trends of studies are retained. The contribution of publications on EMA to the total number of publications in analytical chemistry for 1946–2004 is estimated. It is ～20% on the average in the last 25 years.     

案例教学法在分析化学理论教学中的实践研究

研究了案例教学法在分析化学理论教学中的实践,内容包括案例选材、设计、实施和案例模型评估。案例教学法模式在促进学生扎实学习理论知识的同时,改进学生对于分析化学课程的认知,提高学生的专业技能。案例教学法在分析化学理论教学中的实践可以在教师教学和学生学习之间建立良好的互动关系,并最终改善分析化学课程教学。     

Review of the applications of different analytical techniques for coxibs research

An extensive survey of the literature published in analytical and pharmaceutical chemistry journals has been conducted and analytical methods which were developed and used for the determination of some of the COX-2 inhibitors, a subclass of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in bulk drugs, formulations, and biological fluids have been reviewed. This review covers the time period from 1999 to present, during which over 140 analytical procedures including chromatographic, spectrometric, electrophoretic and voltammetric techniques were reported. Presented applications concern analysis of coxibs from pharmaceutical formulations and biological samples.     

Nanoparticle-based assays in automated flow systems: A review

Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit a number of distinctive and entrancing properties that explain their ever increasing application in analytical chemistry, mainly as chemosensors, signaling tags, catalysts, analytical signal enhancers, reactive species generators, analyte recognition and scavenging/separation entities.     

Artificial neural networks in foodstuff analyses: Trends and perspectives A review

Artificial neural networks are a family of non-linear computational methods, loosely inspired by the human brain, that have found application in an increasing number of fields of analytical chemistry and specifically of food control. In this review, the main neural network architectures are described and examples of their application to solve food analytical problems are presented, together with some considerations about their uses and misuses.     

Green chemistry: state of the art through an analysis of the literature

Abstract

The literature of green chemistry has undergone a dramatic increase in the new millennium. Besides that, in ad hoc journals, papers of this type are published in journals of general, organic, and catalytic chemistry. The high proportion of communications within this area indicates that this is a hot topic. These reports mainly concern more environment-friendly synthetic methods, based on better catalytic systems, less harmful solvents and, more rarely, “alternative” physical techniques. Although the compliance with the green chemistry postulates is still partial, a trend in this direction is recognizable. For example, the number of preparative papers that introduce an environmental assessment is rapidly increasing.     

Analytical applications of room-temperature ionic liquids: a review of recent efforts

Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are solvents that may have great potential in chemical analysis. Recent surge in the number of publications/reports/books/monographs clearly indicate an increasing interest of scientific and engineering community toward these exciting and unique solvents. Consequently, a variety of analytical applications of RTILs have started to emerge. This review presents an account of some of the recent reports on RTILs in major subdisciplines of analytical chemistry. Specifically, recent literature representing the applications of RTILs in chromatography, extraction, electroanalytical chemistry, sensing, and spectrometry is reviewed. With a rapid growth in the number of publications on analytical applications of RTILs, it appears that in the near future these neoteric solvents are definitely going to be a permanent feature in analytical chemistry.     

分析化学的第二个春天

从研究分析化学的历史发展入手，以大量历史事实为根据，指出分析化学曾经历过两次重大变革。第一次变革(19世纪末至20世纪初)使分析化学从分析化学家的技艺发展为科学；第二次变革(20世纪70年代迄今)则使分析化学进入了分析化学家重新当家作主的、欣欣向荣的“第二个春天”。     

课程思政背景下分析化学辩证元素探索及教学实践

In the university, analytical chemistry is an important basic course for junior college students. There is a variety of dialectical views, rules, and relationships of materialism in analytical chemistry. Fully excavating these dialectical elements and infiltrating them into the classroom teaching process is necessary. This will not only help students deeply understand the subject knowledge, but also cultivate their dialectical thinking mode, establish the correct worldview and scientific methodology. This is conducive to the same resonance frequency between knowledge education and thinking education, and fits the current course ideological and political education. In the present paper, combining many years of teaching practice, the author briefly explains the integration of dialectical elements in analytical chemistry with the corresponding teaching content.     

Analytica chimica philatelica

Notable contributors to analytical chemistry who have been honoured by postage stamps, and the significance of their contributions to the development of analytical chemistry, are reviewed.     

Quantities and units in analytical chemistry

Analytical chemistry is largely concerned with the determination of the composition of mixtures. The result of the analysis of a component in a mixture should comprise the product of a ‘numerical value’ and a ‘unit’ in order to express the value of the ‘quantity’ being measured (and an associated statement of uncertainty). The quantities and units which can be used to express these results are subtly different and can often be confused and misused. This article clarifies their meaning, presents a novel method of demonstrating the relationship between them, and discusses the advantages and drawbacks of their usage in analytical chemistry, particularly with respect to environmental analysis. Suggestions for best practice for use in analytical chemistry are also made.     

Putting the chemistry back into analytical chemistry

Aspects of the current status of and research in analytical chemistry are briefly discussed and the need for cost effective analytical procedures is emphasized. The present and future of a number of aspects of flow-injection analysis are considered. These include the basic theory, the kinetic features, the control features, time-based methodology, and the coupling of sample pretreatment with instrumentation. Several aspects of this latter topic are considered with particular reference to the flow-injection atomic spectrometry combination. Problems of kinetic mismatch between chemistry, manifold residence, and instrument operation are discussed and some possible solutions proposed including the use of closed loop manifolds.     

Ferrocene-based derivatization in analytical chemistry

Ferrocene-based derivatization has raised considerable interest in many fields of analytical chemistry. This is due to the well-established chemistry of ferrocenes, which allows rapid and easy access to a large number of reagents and derivatives. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of ferrocenes are attractive with respect to their detection. This paper summarizes the available reagents, the reaction conditions and the different approaches for detection. While electrochemical detection is still most widely used to detect ferrocene derivatives, e.g., in the field of DNA analysis, the emerging combination of analytical separation methods with electrochemistry, mass spectrometry and atomic spectroscopy allows ferrocenes to be applied more universally and in novel applications where strongly improved selectivity and limits of detection are required.     

Modern analytical chemistry education in Europe at university level

Stimulated by the rapid growth of analytical chemistry in research and development, a discussion on the past, present and future role of analytical chemistry as part of the chemistry curricula at European universities is presented in this article. The present status of analytical chemistry curricula is described, based on a recent investigation of the Working Party on Analytical Chemistry (WPAC) of the Federation of European Chemical Societies (FECS) at 229 European universities. The evaluation of the questionnaires has been done for all institutions together, as well as for the 119 institutions with a separate chair or department of analytical chemistry and the 110 institutions without such a separate chair. The distribution of teaching hours between the classical and modern fields is generally significantly better and more flexible to new developments (like chemometrics, environmental and material sciences) at institutions with an own chair of analytical chemistry. This survey is also a key to earlier reviews on education in analytical chemistry stimulated and published by WPAC-members.     

Evidence that there is a future for semiempirical molecular orbital calculations

The frequency of use and discussion of semiempirical and ab initio software is traced with bibliometric data from the Current Journals of the American Chemistry Society (JCACS) database, which has complete papers published in 19 journals in various fields of chemistry. Not only is the use of all types of computational chemistry software increasing apace, but also the number of papers mentioning semiempirical programs as a percentage of all papers mentioning quantum chemistry programs is growing. This percentage referring to semiempirical molecular orbital software grew from 29% in 1989 to 34% in 1993.     

Meeting reports: International conference on chemometrics in analytical chemistry

In the field of analytical chemistry, chemometrics has been defined as 'the chemical discipline which uses mathematical and statistical methods to achieve the aim of analytical chemistry, namely the obtention, in the optimal way, of relevant information about material systems'. There has been a tremendous growth of interest in the role of chemometrics in analytical chemistry in recent years and this has been reflected in the number of symposia devoted to the subject. Two meetings, held in Europe in September 1982, covered different aspects of chemometrics and some of the more significant points discussed are summarized in the reports below.