Bromamine-B as a new oxidimetric titrant

A new oxidimetric titrant, bromamine-B (sodium salt of N-bromobenzenesulphonamide) is introduced for use in aqueous medium. Direct potentiometric and visual end-point titrations and back-titration procedures have been developed for the determination of typical reductants.     

Bromamine-T as a new oxidimetric titrant

A new oxidimetric titrant, bromamine-T (sodium salt of N-bromo-p-toluene sulphonamide), is introduced for use in aqueous medium. Direct potentiometric and visual indicator titration methods as well as back-titration procedures have been developed for the determination of a variety of substances.     

Iodobenzene dicchloride as a new oxidimetric titrant in non-aqueous media

Iodobenzene dichloride in anhydrous acetic acid is proposed as a new oxidimetric titrant in non-aqueous media.     

Dichloramine-T as a new oxidimetric titrant in non-aqueous and partially aqueous media

A new oxidimetric titrant, dichloramine-T, is proposed for redox titrations in glacial acetic acid medium. The general analytical conditions for using this oxidant and the procedures for potentiometric determination of ascorbic acid, iodide, arsenic(III) and iron(II) are described.     

Trivalent manganese as an oxidimetric reagent

A study of the use of trivalent manganese as an oxidimetric reagent has been made. The manganic ion was stabilised with pyrophosphate. The stability of this reagent over a period of six weeks was established. The reagent may be used in conjunction with barium diphenylamine sulphonate for the titration of ferrous iron even in the presence of 5N hydrochloric acid. It may also be used for the titration of vanadium, nitrite, oxalate, peroxide and arsenite, but the procedures for oxalate and peroxide are unsatisfactory. The redox potential of the reagent was 1.22 volt at 25° C, which was lower than that found for manganic sulphate (ca. 1.4 volt).     

Potassium dichromate as an oxidimetric reagent

A critical and historical review is made of the use of potassium dichromate in oxidimetry.     

Iodamine-T as an oxidemetric titrant in aqueous medium

Iodamine-T, the iodine analogue of chloramine-T, can be used for the direct oxidimetric titration in aqueous medium of As(III), Sb(III), Tl(I), ascorbic acid, hydroquinone, hydrazine, semicarbazide, thiourea, thiocyanate and sulphite. Back-titration can be used for the determination of sulphide, thiosulphate, dithiocarbamate, xanthate, thiosemicarbazide, Reinecke's salt, mercury(II) tetrathiocyanatocobaltate(II) and mercury(II) tetrathiocyanatozincate (II).     

Iodine trichloride in glacial acetic acid as an oxidizing titrant

A systematic study of the redox reactions of iodine trichloride with various inorganic ions in glacial acetic acid medium is described. Sodium sulphite, arsenic trichloride, antimony trichloride, iron(II) perchlorate and mecury(I) perchlorate were examined. Potentiometric and amperometric methods were used to follow the reduction of iodine trichloride, which yields different products according to the type of reductant.     

Studies on potassium chlorate as a primary oxidimetric reagent

Conditions have been established for the use of potassium chlorate as a primary oxidizing agent in the direct titration of vanadium(III), tin(II) and titanium(III) with visual or potentiometric end-points.     

Fluorosulphuric acid as a titrant in alcoholic solvents

Fluorosulphuric acid gives highly conducting solutions in alcohols and alcoholic mixtures. Solutions in methanol or in ethylene glycol -methanol give the best results for the direct titration of organic bases, although other alcohols are also satisfactory. Potontioimetric and visual methods of end-point detection are suitable.     

Nitron as a titrant in potentiometric determination of nitrate

A volumetric method of nitrate determination has been developed, using nitron as a titrant and detecting the end-point potentiometrically with a membrane electrode sensitive to nitrate. To get a better insight into the characteristics of the system, the acid dissociation constant of nitron was evaluated spectrophotometrically (pK(a) = 10.34). The solubility product of nitron nitrate was found to be 1.78 +/- 0.03 x 10(-6) (20 degrees , 0.05M K(2)SO(4)). The optimal nitrate concentration for titration is about 0.01M and this method may be successfully applied for determination of nitrate nitrogen in fertilizer samples.     

Heterometric microdetermination of cobalt using nitron as titrant

Small amounts of cobalt (0.1–0.25 mg in 15 ml solution) were determined heterometrically in the presence of potassium thiocyanate by titration with nitron acetate solution. A strong electrolyte (Na₂SO₄) must be added to obtain a clear end point. The titration can be carried out in the presence of a number of diverse ions e.g., Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺, Pb²⁺, Mn²⁺, Cr³⁺, MoO₄^2?, WO₄², CrO₄^2?, NO₃^?, Au³⁺, Pt⁴⁺ without interference; Fe³⁺ can be masked with NaF. Copper and zinc interfere and must be absent. The titration takes about 2–3 min. and the maximum error was 1.5%.     

Titrimetric assay of ofloxacin in pharmaceuticals using cerium(IV) sulphate as an oxidimetric reagent

Two titrimetric methods which are simple, rapid, cost-effective and eco-riendly are described for the determination of ofloxacin (OFX) in bulk drug and in tablet formulations based on the oxidation of OFX by Ce(IV) sulphate. In direct titrimetry (method A), the acidified solution of OFX is titrated directly with Ce(IV) sulphate using ferroin as indicator, and indirect titrimetry (method B) involves the addition of known excess of Ce(IV) sulphate to an acidified solution of OFX followed by the determination of unreacted oxidant by back titration with ferrous ammonium sulphate (FAS) using the same ferroin indicator. In both the methods, the amount of Ce(IV) sulphate reacted corresponds to OFX concentration. Method A and method B permit the determination of OFX over the concentration range of 1.5?C15 mg in both the methods and the quantitation is based on a 1: 5 reaction stoichiometry (OFX: Ce (IV) sulphate). The methods were statistically evaluated by calculating percent relative error (% RE) for accuracy and percent relative standard deviation (% RSD) for precision, and were applied successfully to the determination of OFX in tablets with mean recoveries in the range of 96.50?C98.42%. No interference was observed from common additives found in pharmaceutical preparations. The accuracy and reliability of the methods were further ascertained by performing recovery tests s standard-addition technique.     

A contribution to the use of tetravalent manganese in solutions of sulfuric acid as an oxidimetric reagent

The preparation of solutions of manganese(IV) sulfate in 9 M sulfuric acid as well as the stability of these solutions was studied for 0.00501 M concentration of manganese(IV) ions. Potentiometric titration of solutions of primary standard substances, potassium iodide and sodium hexacyanoferrate, was recommended for determining the titer of 0.005 M reagent solutions. It was verified that manganese(IV) sulfate can be used for determining low concentrations of organic substances by direct titration determination of hydroquinone, p-aminophenol, and metol and by indirect determination of oxalic acid.     

Dichlorohydantoin and dibromohydantoin as new oxidimetric titrants in non-aqueous media

Two new oxidimetric titrants, dichlorohydantoin and dibromohydantoin are introduced for use in acetic acid medium, and have been applied to direct potentiometric titration of AS(III), Sb(III), Sn(II), Fe(II), Tl(I), Fe(CN)(6)(4-), I(-), SCN(-), hydrazine, phenylhydrazine, semicarbazide, hydroquinone, oxine and Reinecke's salt, in aqueous acetic acid medium.