Application of Ionic Liquids in Electrochemistry—Recent Advances

In this review, the roles of room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) and RTIL based solvent systems as proposed alternatives for conventional organic electrolyte solutions are described. Ionic liquids are introduced as well as the relevant properties for their use in electrochemistry (reduction of ohmic losses), such as diffusive molecular motion and ionic conductivity. We have restricted ourselves to provide a survey on the latest, most representative developments and progress made in the use of ionic liquids as electrolytes, in particular achieved by the cyclic voltammetry technique. Thus, the present review comprises literature from 2015 onward covering the different aspects of RTILs, from the knowledge of these media to the use of their properties for electrochemical processes. Out of the scope of this review are heat transfer applications, medical or biological applications, and multiphasic reactions.     

分析化学学科发展趋势

本文对近年分析化学发展的新动向进行了简要的综述,包括痕量危险污染物和生物活性化合物分析方法的新进展。质谱法在分析生物样品中极性和荷电分子方面有着明显的长处。本文还评述了毛细管电泳、电分析、流动注射分析以及计算机在现代分析中的应用。     

Recent Advances in Ynenamine Chemistry

Enamines are formed by reacting a carbonyl compound with an amine under dehydration conditions. A vast array of transformations has been achieved via preformed enamine chemistry. Recently, by introducing conjugating double bonds to the enamine functionality, dienamines, and trienamines have propelled the discovery of several previously unattainable remote-site functionalization reactions of carbonyl compounds. Comparatively, alkyne-conjugating enamine analogues have recently shown high potential in multifunctionalization reactions while remaining underexplored. In this account, we systematically summarized and discussed recent advances in synthetic transformations based on ynenamine-containing compounds.     

无机合成与制备化学研究进展

本文从极端条件合成、软化学合成、特殊凝聚态和聚集态制备、形貌与尺寸修饰、缺陷与价态控制、组合化学合成、计算机辅助合成、理想合成与生物模拟合成等几个侧面, 阐述近年来无机合成与制备化学研究的进展。     

Some Advances in the Inorganic Chemistry of Bromine

Recent advances in the chemistry of bromine and its inorganic compounds are covered under the headings of technology, properties and reactions, liquid bromine as an inorganic solvent, analysis, and new or newly studied compounds. Much of what is new is bromine chemistry is characteristic also of what is new in inorganic chemistry as a whole. That is, more detailed information about compounds and reactions is becoming available from the application of new instrumental and theoretical techniques.     

环丙烯研究新进展

环丙烯类化合物是自然界中可能存在的最小的不饱和环状化合物, 它独特的结构和电性使其在有机合成中有着非常广泛的用途. 环丙烯类化合物有着很大的环张力, 具有很高的张力能和反应活性, 一直以来都作为一类明星分子得到了化学家们的广泛关注. 尤其是近年来当金属有机化合物介入环丙烯化学, 通过各种加成反应, 环加成反应, 开环反应等, 可作为一个三碳结构单元用于构筑各类有机化合物. 本文则主要从环丙烯的合成、环丙烯的转化和参与的反应, 以及环丙烯的应用三个方面概述了2011年至今关于环丙烯的最新研究进展.     

Molecular Modeling of Histamine Receptors—Recent Advances in Drug Discovery

The recent developments of fast reliable docking, virtual screening and other algorithms gave rise to discovery of many novel ligands of histamine receptors that could be used for treatment of allergic inflammatory disorders, central nervous system pathologies, pain, cancer and obesity. Furthermore, the pharmacological profiles of ligands clearly indicate that these receptors may be considered as targets not only for selective but also for multi-target drugs that could be used for treatment of complex disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. Therefore, analysis of protein-ligand recognition in the binding site of histamine receptors and also other molecular targets has become a valuable tool in drug design toolkit. This review covers the period 2014–2020 in the field of theoretical investigations of histamine receptors mostly based on molecular modeling as well as the experimental characterization of novel ligands of these receptors.     

锕系计算化学进展

本文简要总结了过去十年中应用量子力学方法研究锕系化学的若干结果。我们将其大致归为几何与电子结构和化学反应两类。对于前者,简要总结了锕系元素化合物中的An-O键和金属-金属键;而后者则涉及水合反应和配体交换反应,歧化反应,氧化反应,铀酰离子的还原,氢胺化反应以及铀的叠氮化合物的光解反应等。     

基于微生物体系合成无机纳米材料的研究进展

无机纳米材料在能源、生物医学等领域应用非常广泛,过去几十年间关于无机纳米材料合成方法的研究一直受到广泛关注。自然界中普遍存在的生物矿化过程赋予了生物体合成含有特殊结构和功能的无机纳米材料的能力。微生物体系合成的无机纳米材料具有环境友好、成本低廉、生物相容性好等优点,正成为纳米材料科学的一个重要研究领域。我们主要聚焦于微生物体系合成无机纳米材料的机理、影响因素、材料分类及其应用,总结了近年来关于微生物体系合成无机纳米材料的研究历程,并对该领域面临的挑战及未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

Recent Advances in Chemistry of Condensed 4‐Thiazolidinones

The syntheses of condensed 4‐thiazolidinone and its various derivatives are reviewed for the first time. Condensed 4‐thiazolidinones are important scaffolds and versatile substrates in heterocyclic chemistry, as they can be used for the synthesis of a large variety of biologically active compounds such as thiazolotriazines and as raw material for the drug synthesis. The high reactivity of active methylene group next to the carbonyl of the thiazolidin ring represents useful targets for many organic reactions.     

Correlation Analysis in Chemistry: Recent Advances

X-ray structure analysis of [PtCl₂PBu₃]₂(t-BuNCHCHNBu-t) has shown the presence of σ,σ′-N,N′-bonded diimine, which bridges in the anticonfiguration two planar trans-PtCl₂PBu₃N moieties. The crystal structure of PtCl₂(styrene)(t-BuNCHCHNBu-t) contains a unidentate-bonded styrene molecule in the equatorial position of a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement with the phenyl ring bent back by 27°.     

稀土元素分析

本文对１９９６年￣１９９７年间稀土材料分析方面的进展进行了综述。内容包括概述，分离与富集方法，重量与滴定分析法，吸光光度法，荧光分析法，原子发现光谱法，原子吸收光谱法，Ｘ射线荧光光谱法，质谱分析法，电化学分析法，活化分析法，流动注射分析法等。     

某些滥用药物分析的进展

本文以滥用药物吗啡和可卡因的分析检测为例，对当前毒品分析的几种主要应用技术进行简要介绍。这些方法包括物理化学方法和免疫化学方法，侧重阐述滥用药物免疫分析法，强调了免疫分析技术在毒品分析中的特殊优越性。指出发展免疫分析化学研究是加强我国毒品检测能力的一条有效途径。