锌跟硫酸铜溶液反应的研究

锌跟硫酸铜溶液反应．在锌粒表面生成一层黑色粉状物。通过实验证实,黑色粉状物是铜、氧化铜和锌粉的混合物。氧化铜的生成,是硫酸铜水解生成氢氧化铜,氢氧化铜分解生成氧化铜。锌跟硫酸铜溶液反应,要观察到紫红色铜的生成,就要抑制水解,把硫酸铜配成饱和溶液。     

铜及氧化铜对煤燃烧过程多环芳烃排放的影响

在实验管式炉上研究了金属铜和氧化铜对烟煤燃烧过程中PAHs生成的影响。采用气相色谱分析PAHs。实验结果表明，铜会促进PAHs的生成，而且主要是促进中高分子量PAHs的生成，这是由于铜为PAHs的合成提供了大量的活性反应中心。另一方面氧化铜对PAHs的合成和裂解具有双重催化效果，从而显著增加了中分子量PAHs的排放。在800 ℃以下，添加铜和氧化铜都减小了PAHs排放的毒性当量。在900 ℃以上，添加铜增大了PAHs排放的毒性当量。添加氧化铜时与添加铜时的规律类似，但是在1100℃以上，PAHs排放的毒性当量要比不添加时小。     

用硅炭银代替木炭还原氧化铜的实验报告

初中化学课本P109[实验3—4]木炭还原氧化铜的实验,若用自制的木炭与氧化铜的混合物,在干态时用酒精喷灯加热,除难以看清生成铜外,石灰水的浑浊现象亦不明显。究其原因:1.自制木炭中油质含量高,参加反应困难。2.固体混合物中缺少稀释剂,生成的气体难释放。用硅炭银代替木炭,则可消除上述弊病,取得较为满意的效果。     

氨气还原性实验的改进

《化学教育》1984年第3期第47页介绍了《氨气的还原性实验》。经笔者反复实验发现,蒙有一薄层黑色氧化铜的热铜丝插入疏松的氯化铵晶体里,不仅有白色烟雾生成和铜丝恢复光亮的紫红色的现象,而且在氯化铵晶体里同时有少量绿色物质生成。     

硫和氧化铜反应的实验探究

硫能和金属单质、非金属单质、强碱、强氧化性酸发生反应,表现出一定的氧化性和还原性。氧化铜是一种氧化性较强的金属氧化物,在一定的条件下,硫和氧化铜能发生反应生成氧化亚铜和二氧化硫,氧化亚铜和硫蒸气在高温下还能继续反应生成硫化亚铜和二氧化硫。     

氧化铜与CeO2-γ-Al2O3混合氧化物载体之间的表面相互作用

 采用XRD，XPS和TPR等手段研究了氧化铜与二氧化铈－氧化铝机械混合载体之间的表面相互作用．结果表明，在混合载体表面，当氧化铜的负载量低于其在二氧化铈载体上的分散容量时，氧化铜优先与二氧化铈发生作用并分散在其表面；当氧化铜的负载量超过其在二氧化铈载体上的分散容量时，氧化铜会继续在氧化铝表面分散．这些结果说明，在制备用氧化铈改性载体的负载型催化剂时，如果氧化铈的用量偏高，会导致样品中有晶相氧化铈生成，从而对氧化铈作为改性剂的作用不利．     

探究红热铜丝伸入稀硫酸时产生的“意外”现象

对红热铜丝伸入稀硫酸时产生的“意外”现象进行了实验探究,研究后得出的结论为:稀硫酸局部受高热使硫酸分子逸出形成白雾。铜在高温加热时产生氧化铜和氧化亚铜,氧化铜迅速溶于稀硫酸生成硫酸铜,由于硫酸铜的量少,所得的混浊液在短时内不易观察到蓝色;氧化亚铜则脱落在溶液中,但由于硫酸分子逸出、氧化铜消耗硫酸等因素导致硫酸浓度下降,从而使氧化亚铜的溶解速率减慢,所以砖红色的混浊物为氧化亚铜且能暂时存在。     

氩离子刻蚀还原氧化铜的XPS研究

利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)及氩离子刻蚀技术,通过改变氩离子枪的刻蚀模式,原位研究氩离子刻蚀对氧化铜的还原情况。结果发现在极其微弱的氩离子束流轰击下,CuO即被还原,刻蚀初期变化较大,之后达到稳恒状态。对Cu2p峰拟合,同时结合俄歇CuLMM峰变化,判定纯CuO经氩离子刻蚀后最终转变为氧化铜、氧化亚铜及少量单质铜的共存状态。研究结果将对氧化铜深度剖析中化学状态的判断具有重要参考价值。     

氢气还原氧化铜实验的改进

对现行初中化学教材中关于氢气还原氧化铜的实验,按教材氢气还原性实验说明进行,都不易出现光亮的红色这一实验现象。分析其原因与氧化铜粉末跟试管接触不紧密以致氧化铜加热温度不够有关。     

均分散氧化铜胶体粒子制备的研究

近年来,对均分散体系即分散相粒子大小形状均一体系的研究有了飞速发展.本文报道用几种铜盐制备均匀的氧化铜胶体微粒所需的条件,并对胶体粒子生成过程进行了探讨. 1 实验部分 1.1试剂与仪器 所有药品均为分析纯,水是二次蒸馏水,所配制的溶液都经4号玻璃砂漏斗过滤后使用.JEOL型电镜为日本电气公司产品.     

Synthesis, crystal structure and thermal decomposition study of a new barium acetato-propionate complex

The present study reports on a novel barium acetato-propionate complex, obtained by the reaction of barium acetate with propionic acid, used as an oxide precursor with applications in superconducting thin films deposition. The molecular structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction on single crystals and demonstrated to be [Ba₇(CH₃CH₂COO)₁₀(CH₃COO)₄·5H₂O]. The barium acetato-propionate is a three-dimensional channel-type polymer. The thermal decomposition of the barium precursor has been studied by simultaneous differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (DTA-TG-MS) in air at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. Based on these analyses, infrared spectroscopy was further used to characterize the precursor solution by the step-wise addition of the reagents. The X-ray diffraction on the precursor powder at different temperatures was performed.     

Catalytic effect of zinc oxide on the reduction of barium sulfate by methane

Reduction of barium sulfate by methane was investigated in this work. The thermogravimetric method was used to obtain kinetic parameters of the reaction in the temperature range of 900–975 °C at atmospheric pressure. The kinetics of the reaction has been studied both in the absence and presence of zinc oxide as a catalyst. The conversion–time data have been interpreted by using the grain model, and the effect of catalyst on the kinetic parameters has been elucidated. It was found that zinc oxide acted as fairly strong catalyst for the reaction, especially at higher temperatures. At about 975 °C the reaction rate constant was increased more than 7 times by using 2% of zinc oxide. This enhancement in the rate constant is valuable for industries.     

Le dosage de traces de cuivre dans l'arsenic tres pur par activation neutronique

The determination of traces of copper (<p.p.m.) in arsenic is impossible by non-destructive γ-spectrometry because of the similarity in the half-lives and spectra of the two isotopes used. The proposed separation and decontamination of copper are based on the following operations: bromine attack, hydrolysis, precipitation of barium arsenate, anion exchange, separation of copper as sulfide and recovery by electrolysis. Amounts of copper in the range 20–100 ng can be determined.     

重量法测定毒重石中碳酸钡含量

为消除毒重石中少量碳酸钙、不溶性硅酸盐和硫酸钡等杂质对碳酸钡分析结果的影响,本文采用盐酸消解试样,慢速过滤消除硫酸钡及硅酸盐干扰;滤液在PH=4.5的弱酸环境中,与重铬酸钾溶液反应生成铬酸钡沉淀,过滤消除钙离子干扰,通过重量法测定铬酸钡含量间接换算碳酸钡含量。按本文所述检测方法测得毒重石中碳酸钡含量相对标准偏差RSD均小于1%,加标回收率99.26%~103.00%,满足日常分析要求。     

Reaction of ammonium chloride with the copper(II) sulfide and oxide,and identification of the reaction products

The processes and products of the reaction of copper(II) sulfide and oxide with ammonium chloride were studied. The process of the copper(II) compounds hydrochlorination was investigated with thermogravimetry and kinetic studies. Reaction products were studied by infrared spectroscopy and X-ray phase analysis.     

钡对氧化铝的高温热稳定作用

在汽车正常工作状况下汽车催化剂所处的氛围常高达１０００℃ ,这就要求催化剂有较高的热稳定性．催化剂的热稳定性除了依赖于活性组分的耐热性能外 ,还取决于涂层（γ Ａｌ２Ｏ３）的热稳定性 ,因此提高γ Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 涂层的高温耐热性非常重要．研究表明 ,Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 前驱体的结构、颗粒度及制备方法可以影响γ Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 涂层的比表面积和热稳定性 ［１ -３］,而在涂层中引入某些添加剂 ,如稀土氧化物Ｌａ２Ｏ３、碱土氧化物ＢａＯ、ＳｒＯ等对提高Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 的热稳定性更有效［４ -７］．其中 ,Ｌａ２Ｏ３ 除了抑制Ａｌ２Ｏ３ 的表相…     

Study of copper sulfide crystallization in PEO-SDS solutions

The crystallization of copper sulfide in aqueous supersaturated solutions in the presence of the polymer poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, and the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate, SDS, was investigated. In these systems, copper sulfide precipitation competes with the reaction between copper cations and dodecyl sulfate anions. The competition of the two reactions may affect the reaction products significantly; therefore it is important to study the properties of the surfactant salt, copper dodecyl sulfate (Cu(DS)2), in detail. The thermodynamic solubility constant of Cu(DS)2 was measured at 8 degrees C and was equal to (2.4 +/- 0.4) x 10(-10) M3. The Krafft point of Cu(DS)2 and its solubility curve (precipitation temperature for a range of concentrations) were also measured. The latter was found to be very close to room temperature. Temperature is thus a very significant parameter in these systems and must be carefully controlled in all experiments. The crystallization of copper sulfide in PEO-SDS solutions was investigated in solutions with compositions above and below the solubility curve. Copper sulfide nanoparticles predominate and are stabilized at temperatures above the solubility curve. Surprisingly, at temperatures below the solubility curve CuxS coexists with Cu(DS)2, which appears in the form of lamellar crystals. The system is further complicated by the presence of at least two different types of copper sulfides corresponding to different oxidation states of copper. Our results suggest that the predominance of Cu(DS)2 at lower temperatures is due to its limited solubility and is modified by the CuI/CuII redox equilibrium in combination with the solution pH.     

Synthesis of micro porous barium nitrate with improved ignition reliability as a reliable pyrotechnic oxidant

Pure barium nitrate is one of the most widely used oxidizing materials in the field of pyrotechnics. The ignition reliability of compositions based on this material is not very high and needs to be improved. In the present work, modified barium nitrate with micro porous structure has been synthesized using three different vesicants to make it more reliable as a pyrotechnic oxidant. Two pyrotechnic compositions were formulated by using pure and modified barium nitrate as oxidant and micro sized aluminum powder was used as a fuel. The ignition temperature of both the compositions was determined using differential thermal analysis. The composition formulated with the modified oxidizer ignited at lower temperatures as compared to the one formulated with pure barium nitrate depicting an improvement in the ignition behavior. SEM results show that the modified barium nitrate has obvious pores of the order of few micrometers. Bulk density of the modified oxidizer decreased due to the development of micro pores. Crystallite size of the barium nitrate also decreased after the modification.     

Convenient Routes for the Preparation of Barium Permanganate and other Permanganate Salts

Two convenient methods were developed to transform KMnO₄ into barium permanganate and other permanganate salts via BaMnO₄ or Mn₂O₇ intermediates. Pure BaMnO₄ was prepared by the reaction of KMnO₄ with KI in the presence of BaCl₂ and NaOH. Hydrothermal reaction of barium manganate with excess carbon dioxide for 1.5 h at 100 °C led to barium‐permanganate with almost quantitative yield. Mn₂O₇ was prepared by means of the reaction of KMnO₄ and sulfuric acid monohydrate in a two‐phase (CCl₄‐H₂SO₄.H₂O) system. In the presence of excess barium carbonate and catalytic amount of water barium permanganate could be obtained with a moderate yield. Similarly, other permanganate salts (Zn, Cd, Cu, Mg, Ca, Ni, Al, Fe, Ce, rare earth metals) were prepared by substituting the BaCO₃ for the appropriate metal oxides, hydroxides or carbonates.