(Ba,Mg,Sr)O·nAl_2O_3∶Mn~(2+)的合成及发光性质研究

用高温固相反应合成了Ba0 04Mg0 16Sr0 8O·nAl2O3∶Mn2+0 07(n=4 1,4 2…4 9)和Ba0 1Mg0 1Sr0 8O·nAl2O3∶Mn2+0 07(n=4 1,4 2…4 9)铝酸盐体系发光材料。X射线衍射呈单相,说明生成了完全互溶的连续固溶体。经检测发现Mg2+,Sr2+的引入有效地优化了发光基质,使Mn2+在真空紫外激发下的发射明显增强。在Ba0 04Mg0 16Sr0 8O·nAl2O3∶Mn2+0 07体系中,在一定范围内改变Al3+含量(n值)可适当调整激发光谱峰位;适当调整Al3+和Mn2+的含量比可以改变体系的发光强度,以满足等离子平板显示(PDP)技术的需求。     

(Mg1-x-yBaxSry)1.95SiO4∶0.05Eu荧光粉的光谱研究及紫外激发色像图建立

采用高温固相法制备了新型(Mg1-x-yBaxSry)1.95SiO4∶0.05Eu荧光粉,其中包括3个二元碱土离子配比系列和3个代表性三元碱土离子配比系列(Ba不变而Mg/Sr比连续变化、Mg/Sr比不变而Ba含量连续变化)共计6个系列,并研究其光谱性能(激发谱和发射谱)、紫外(254和365 nm)发光照相记录及CIE值对应色像。借鉴三元相图的建立思路,由这些二元和代表性三元数据推导三元色像图,用于新型荧光粉的系统开发。所制备的荧光粉系列包括:Mg2SiO4-Sr2SiO4,Ba2SiO4-Sr2SiO4,Mg2SiO4-Ba2SiO4,Ba原子比含量为0.2(Mg/Sr原子比连续变化),Ba原子比含量为0.6(Mg/Sr原子比连续变化),Mg/Sr原子比为1/4(Ba原子比含量连续变化系列)。其对应的254 nm激发下光谱性能、发光照相记录、和CIE色像分析表明:Eu离子可以三价和二价形式存在于(Mg1-x-yBaxSry)2SiO4中;二元系列中(Mg1-xBax)2SiO4和(Ba1-ySry)2SiO4基体中随着Ba原子比的增加荧光粉逐渐由红(对应Eu3+5D0→7F1和5D0→7F2电子跃迁窄带发射)变绿(对应Eu2+4fn-15d→4fn电子跃迁发射宽带发射)且前者变化的更快;二元系列中(Mg1-ySry)2SiO4系列为红色荧光粉,且随着Sr含量增加红色发光增大;三元系列中(Bax(Mg0.2Sr0.8)1-x)2SiO4(Mg/Sr=1/4)随着Ba离子量增加荧光粉也逐渐由红变绿,其变化速度介于Mg/Sr比等于0(即Ba2SiO4-Sr2SiO4系列)和Mg/Sr比等于∝(即Ba2SiO4-Mg2SiO4系列);三元系列中(Ba0.2SryMg0.8-y)1.95SiO4为红色荧光粉,而(Ba0.6SryMg0.4-y)2SiO4随着Mg/Sr原子比增加逐渐由红转蓝绿光。365 nm激发下荧光发射的变化规律与254 nm激发下大体一致,但是同一样品在365 nm激发下其绿光波段发射要比254 nm激发要强且其红光波段发射要比254nm激发要弱,故(Mg1-xBax)2SiO4,(Ba1-ySry)2SiO4,(Bax(Mg0.2Sr0.8)1-x)2中对应的由红变绿时Ba含量分别为40at%,60at%,60at%(254 nm激发下60at%,80at%,70at%)且(Ba0.6SryMg0.4-y)2SiO4中由红变绿的Mg/Sr比为1/4(254 nm激发下为2/3)。据此建立Eu掺杂Ba2SiO4-Mg2SiO4-Sr2SiO4紫外激发色像图。借由色像图可知(Mg1-x-yBaxSry)1.95SiO4∶0.05Eu荧光粉紫外激发下发射光变化规律,即基体组分靠近Ba2SiO4端发射绿色而靠近Mg2SiO4或Sr2SiO4端发射红色,Mg/Sr比越大随着Ba原子的增加荧光粉的由红转绿的速度越快;同一样品在365 nm激发下其绿光波段发射要比254 nm激发要强且其红光波段发射要比254 nm激发要弱,(Mg1-x-yBaxSry)1.95SiO4∶0.05Eu荧光粉中当Ba>80at%,Mg>90at%(或Sr>80at%)荧光粉可分别用作高效绿色、红色荧光粉;此外,当组分为(Mg0.8Sr0.2)1.95SiO4∶0.05Eu,(Ba0.8Mg0.16Sr0.04)1.95SiO4∶0.05Eu是紫外激发下(254和365 nm)最好的红色和绿色荧光粉。     

纳米荧光粉的余辉研究

用无机材料在室温下通过溶胶法制成了纳米ZnS:Mn荧光粉,立方晶形,平均粒径为3nm,它的橙色发光（峰值608nm,半宽75nm)亮度与同晶型（立方）的体ZnS:Mn荧光粉的亮度相同,而余辉缩短。在Nd:YAG四倍频266nm脉冲激光激发下,仔细对立方纳米,纯立方微米,纯六角微米ZnS:Mn荧光粉进行了余辉的对比测量,它们的余辉主要遵循指数衰减规律,其1／e余辉时间的结果如下：（1）纯立方纳米ZnS:Mn,两个指数衰减,余辉时间分别为186μs和1078μs,其幅度比为4：1,前者是主要的,决定了1／e余辉时间;（2）纯立方微米体ZnS:Mn:944μs,(3)纯六微米体ZnS:MN:1.2ms（还有幅度很小的极长余辉成分）,结果表明纳米ZnS:Mn荧光粉的光致发光余辉的确比对应的体材料（不管是六角还是立方）都短,但余辉缩短了几倍,而不是五个数量级。     

白光LED用Li^+/La^3+共掺杂BaSi2O5∶Eu^2+绿光发射荧光粉的制备及其发光性能和热稳定性

通过Li^+/La^3+同比例共掺杂策略,在氢气气氛下烧结制备了Li0.06La0.06Ba0.84Si2O5∶4%Eu^2+(LLBSO∶Eu2+)高效绿色发光荧光粉。相比于未掺杂样品Ba0.96Si2O5∶4%Eu2+(BSO∶Eu^2+),Li^+/La^3+共掺有助于单一相LLBSO∶Eu^2+荧光粉的合成,能有效降低烧结的温度和缩短合成时间。我们发现该策略节约荧光粉合成成本的同时,也可以显著提高其光学性能。相关测试表明,Li+/La3+共掺杂样品平均颗粒尺寸主要分布在1.1~2.7μm,颗粒团聚现象不明显,符合涂覆LED芯片要求。该样品可以有效地被365 nm近紫外LED芯片激发,产生位于502 nm的强的宽带绿光发射,其归属于Eu2+的5d-4f跃迁,发光强度是未掺杂样品的168%。此外,LLBSO∶Eu^2+荧光粉在150℃时发光强度仍保持在室温时的98%左右,具有良好的热稳定性。该样品CIE坐标位于绿光区(0.217,0.410)。通过绿粉/红粉和绿粉/红粉/蓝粉混粉策略,制得了色温为2918~4037 K的白色发光LED,其显色指数(Ra)均大于85,具有良好的热稳定性。实验结果表明,Li^+/La^3+共掺单一相的BSO∶Eu^2+绿色发光荧光粉是制备近紫外激发白光发射LED的优良候选荧光粉材料。     

新型绿色发光材料(Ce0.67Tb0.33)MgAl11O19∶Mn2+的合成及其光学性能

采用高温固相法成功地合成了新型高效绿色荧光粉(Ce0.67Tb0.33)Mg1-xAl11O19∶xMn2+。通过XRD和荧光光谱等对其结构及发光性能进行了系统研究。结果表明:新合成的(Ce0.67Tb0.33)Mg1-xAl11O19∶xMn2+与典型的商用绿粉(Ce0.67Tb0.33)MgAl11O19(CMAT)具有相同的晶体结构;激发光谱处于237～326 nm范围内,由一个峰位位于291 nm的宽激发带组成,这是典型的Ce3+的特征激发;在紫外光激发下,该荧光粉除了在490,541,590,620 nm存在Tb3+的特征发射峰外,还在516 nm出现了一个较强的归属于Mn2+的4T1g(G)→6A1g(S)电子跃迁的宽发射峰。Mn2+作为共激活剂增大了该荧光材料在绿色区域的发射面积,其中(Ce0.67Tb0.33)Mg0.850Al11O19∶0.150Mn2+荧光粉发射光谱的积分面积最大,为CMAT的226%,其CIE坐标为(0.194,0.695),比CMAT(0.288,0.572)更加接近NTSC标准值(0.21,0.71),即Mn2+的引入不但提高了荧光粉的发光效率,而且改善了其色纯度。结果表明新型(Ce0.67Tb0.33)Mg1-xAl11O19∶xMn2+绿色荧光粉比传统的CMAT在显示领域具有更好的潜在应用前景。     

(Ba,Mg,Sr)O·nAl2O3:Mn2+的合成及发光性质研究

用高温固相反应合成了Ba0.04Mg0.16Sr0.8O@nAl2O3:Mn2+0.07(n=4.1,4.2…4.9)和Ba0.1Mg0.1Sr0.8O@nAl2O3:Mn2+0.07(n=4.1,4.2…4.9)铝酸盐体系发光材料.X射线衍射呈单相,说明生成了完全互溶的连续固溶体.经检测发现Mg2+,Sr2+的引入有效地优化了发光基质,使Mn2+在真空紫外激发下的发射明显增强.在Ba0.04Mg0.16Sr0.8O@nAl2O3:Mn2+0.07体系中,在一定范围内改变Al3+含量(n值)可适当调整激发光谱峰位;适当调整Al3+和Mn2+的含量比可以改变体系的发光强度,以满足等离子平板显示(PDP)技术的需求.     

含多种玻璃生成体氧化物玻璃的振动光谱和结构

本文报导了以下三种含多种玻璃生成体氧化物玻璃系列的喇曼光谱和红外光谱:Ⅰ.SiO_2、P_2O_5-SiO_2、GeO-SiO_2以及GeO-P_2O_5-SiO_2。Ⅱ.15Na_2O·15BaO·10R_mO_n·60SiO_2、R_mO_n-B_2O_3、Al_2O_3、Ga_2O_3、SiO_2、GeO_2、TeO_2、Nb_2O_5。Ⅲ.以10％B_2O_3、GeO_2、TeO_2逐步代替15Na_2O·15BaO·70SiO_2中的SiO_2。注释了各振动峰值的相应的化学键振动方式,分析了在含碱金属和碱土金属氧化物玻璃中和在无碱和碱土金属氧化物玻璃中GeO_2和TeO_2的不同结构状态,指出含Al_2O_3玻璃的结构是均匀的,而含B_2O_3玻璃的结构是不均匀的.     

Na2O＊B2O3＊V2O5玻璃的^51V核磁共振研究

本文应用~(51)V核磁共振研究了Na_2O·B_2O_3·V_2O_5玻璃的结构,结果表明: 1)R<0.5+K时,随着R的增加,依次形成NaV_3O_8、NaVO_3和NaVO_3-B结构。 2)R=0.5+K时,全部的V_2O_5转化为NaVO_3和NaVO_3-B结构。 3)R>0.5+K时,由于硼酸盐中非桥氧数的增加,NaVO_3-B结构逐步消失,并推测NaVO_3-B结构中的B原子为四配位结构。     

深红色Mg_(1+y)Al_(2-x)O_4:xMn~(4+),yMg~(2+)荧光粉的合成与发光性质

采用高温固相法在空气气氛中合成了新型Mg_(1+y)Al_(2-x)O_4:xMn~(4+),yMg~(2+)深红色荧光粉.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜和荧光光谱仪表征荧光粉的晶体结构和形貌,并分析了发光性质,讨论了掺杂不同浓度Mn4+和过量Mg2+对样品发光强度的影响.结果表明,在300 nm波长激发下样品发射652 nm波长的红光,归因于Mn~(4+)的~2Eg—~4A_(2g)跃迁, Mn~(4+)的最佳掺杂浓度为0.14%.采用Blasse公式计算了Mn~(4+)-Mn~(4+)之间能量传递的临界距离,讨论了可能的能量传递过程和引起浓度淬灭的原因,采用Tanabe-Sugano能级图从理论上计算和分析了Mn~(4+)的d~3电子构型的晶体场强度大小.过量Mg~(2+)可以提高荧光粉的发光强度,同时导致了荧光寿命的缩短,荧光衰减曲线呈单指数变化.探讨了过量Mg~(2+)增强发光强度的机理,阐述了深红色荧光粉MgAl_2O_4:Mn~(4+)发光效率提高的原因.     

电荷补偿剂对YAG:Ce荧光粉效率的影响

在研制传统的YAG:Ce3 荧光粉过程中引入NH4F作为助熔剂,BaF2和MgF2作为电荷补偿剂,使得荧光粉的性能得到有效的改善。助熔剂的引入使YAG:Ce3 荧光粉的合成温度由原来的1600℃降低到1340℃左右,这对于降低生产成本有着十分重要的意义。引入BaF2和MgF2作为电荷补偿剂,荧光粉的发光强度得到有效的提高。尤其是引入MgF2后,光致发光强度提高了42%。从XRD谱可以看出,Mg和Ba进入晶格取代了Y。通过对晶格常数的计算,发现Mg的引入可以部分补偿Ce3 掺杂带来的晶格增大。同时电荷补偿剂的引入使荧光粉达到电荷平衡:2AYYx→2Mg′Y→VO¨、2YYx→2Ba′Y V¨O减少了烧制过程中产生的氧空位缺陷的影响,从而减少了由于氧空位带来的无辐射跃迁。另外,以杂质离子的半径和原子的电负性为出发点,对发射光谱的峰位相对移动作了定性的解释。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.