苯唑西林与维多利亚蓝B的共振瑞利散射光谱及应用

在pH 9.54时,苯唑西林的水解产物与维多利亚蓝B形成紫红色的离子缔合物,使体系的共振瑞利散射(RRS)急剧增强并产生新的RRS光谱,在最大散射波长366 nm处,苯唑西林的浓度在0~6.0μg/mL范围内与散射强度(△IRRS)成良好的线性关系,据此建立了测定苯唑西林的共振瑞利散射法,检出限为0.039μg/mL。该方法可用于苯唑西林药物及人体尿液中苯唑西林含量的测定。     

某些碱性三苯甲烷染料共振瑞利散射法测苯唑西林

在NaOH 溶液中,苯唑西林（OXA）能与某些碱性三苯甲烷染料如甲基紫（MV）、乙基紫（EV）和孔雀石绿（MG）结合,使体系的共振瑞利散射（RRS）急剧增强并产生新的RRS光谱,最大共振光散射峰分别位于333 nm(MV体系)、342 nm(EV体系)和343 nm（MG体系）,苯唑西林的质量浓度在0.080～0.60 mg/L(MV体系)、0.040～0.40 mg/L(EV体系和MG体系)时与散射强度呈良好的线性关系,检出限（3σ）分别为0.064 mg/L(MV体系)、0.024 mg/L(EV体系)和0.013 mg/L(MG体系),其中以孔雀石绿体系最灵敏,以其为例考察了共存物质的影响。 结果表明,方法具有较高的选择性,用于人血清、人尿及市售药物中苯唑西林的测定,结果满意。     

三苯甲烷染料灿烂绿共振瑞利散射法测定青苹果中的苹果酸

建立了快速测定青苹果中苹果酸的共振瑞利散射新方法。在弱碱性的Tris-HCl缓冲介质中,三苯甲烷染料灿烂绿与苹果酸反应生成绿色二元离子缔合物,使共振瑞利散射(RRS)显著增强并产生新的RRS光谱,最大共振瑞利散射峰位于340 nm处,苹果酸的质量浓度在(0.003~0.40)×10-3g/L范围内与体系的共振瑞利散射增强程度ΔIRRS呈线性关系,定量限为0.0070 g/100 g。还探讨了适宜的反应条件及主要分析化学性质,方法用于青苹果中苹果酸的测定,结果满意。     

卡托普利-维多利亚蓝B体系的共振瑞利散射光谱及应用

建立了快速测定卡托普利的共振瑞利散射法,探讨了共振瑞利散射光谱特征和共存物质的影响。在弱碱性溶液中,卡托普利与维多利亚蓝B反应生成蓝色二元离子缔合物,使体系的共振瑞利散射(RRS)信号显著增强,最大RRS峰位于356nm,体系的RRS增强程度△IRRS与0.004~0.22mg·L~(-1)范围内的卡托普利的质量浓度呈线性关系,检出限为0.0035 mg·L~(-1)。方法用于药物中卡托普利的测定,回收率为99.21~102.3%,相对标准偏差RSD(n=5)为1.8~2.4%。     

三元缔合物以双波长共振瑞利散射测定药物中酒石酸美托洛尔

建立了一种快速、准确测定药物中酒石酸美托洛尔的双波长共振瑞利散射(DWORRS)新方法。在酸性Tris-盐酸介质中,刚果红与酒石酸美托洛尔及表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵反应生成红色三元缔合物,使双波长共振瑞利散射显著增强并产生新的具有2个明显散射峰的共振瑞利散射(RRS)光谱,最大共振瑞利散射峰位于375 nm,另一共振瑞利散射峰位于515 nm,酒石酸美托洛尔在0.004~0.55 mg/L范围内与体系的RRS增强强度的绝对值(│△I_(RRS)│)呈线性关系,检出限为0.0032 mg/L(375 nm),0.0038 mg/L(515 nm)和0.0018 mg/L(DWO-RRS,375 nm+515 nm)。还探讨了RRS的光谱特征、适宜反应条件、反应机理及共存物质的影响。方法用于药物中酒石酸美托洛尔含量的测定,加标回收率为98.57%~102.1%,相对标准偏差为2.0%~2.5%。     

阿苯达唑与12-磷钨酸相互作用的共振瑞利散射、二级散射与倍频散射光谱及其应用

采用共振瑞利散射(RRS)、二级散射(SOS)和倍频散射(FDS)光谱研究了阿苯达唑(ABZ)与12-磷钨酸(TP)的相互作用。在盐酸(p H 1.2)介质中,ABZ与TP反应形成离子缔合物(nABZ:nTP=3∶1),使RRS、SOS与FDS的光谱信号大大增强。在一定范围内,散射强度(ΔI)与ABZ的浓度成正比。对于ABZ的检出限(3σ)分别为1.98μg/L(RRS法)、3.75μg/L(SOS法)、5.07μg/L(FDS法),其中RRS法的灵敏度最高。文中讨论了ABZ与TP的最佳反应条件、影响因素以及共存物质的影响,还讨论了离子缔合物的结构和反应历程。据此发展了一种用RRS法快速、简便、灵敏测定ABZ的新方法。     

盐酸吖啶黄-脱氧核糖核酸反应体系的共振瑞利散射及其应用

研究了盐酸吖啶黄与脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)之间的共振瑞利散射(RRS)增强作用,提出了共振瑞利散射技术测定核酸的方法。在pH 6.4的B-R缓冲溶液中,盐酸吖啶黄与脱氧核糖核酸结合使溶液共振瑞利散射强度增强,其最大散射峰位于505 nm处,而在330 nm波长处有一稍弱的散射峰。DNA质量浓度在0.04~0.80 mg.L-1范围内,与RRS强度呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.023 mg.L-1。应用于测定合成样品中DNA含量并测得回收率为98.0%~104.0%。初步探讨了反应机理,盐酸吖啶黄与DNA间的相互作用包含有静电引力、π-π堆积力。     

共振瑞利散射淬灭法的分析应用

对共振瑞利散射(resonance Rayleigh scattering,RRS)淬灭法在蛋白质、核酸、药物及金属离子测定中的分析应用进行综述.结合共振瑞利散射增强原理,对实验中出现的散射淬灭现象及淬灭原因进行归纳总结,为RRS淬灭分析方法的建立提供新的思路.     

三元缔合-共振瑞利散射测定奶粉中的Ca

建立了快速、准确测定奶粉中Ca的共振瑞利散射方法。在弱酸性Tris-盐酸介质中,Ca(Ⅱ)和表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵与刚果红反应生成一种红色的三元离子缔合物,使共振瑞利散射(RRS)信号明显增强,并产生新光谱。最大共振瑞利散射峰位于371 nm,Ca(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0. 004~0. 80 mg·L~(-1)范围内与体系的共振瑞利散射增强强度ΔIRRS呈线性关系,检出限为3. 1 ng·mL~(-1)。方法用于奶粉中Ca的测定,结果满意。     

铁氰化钾高灵敏共振瑞利散射法测定青霉素类抗生素

在稀HCl介质中,K3[Fe(CN)6]与阿莫西林(AMO)、氨苄西林(AMP)、氯唑西林钠(CLO)、羧苄西林钠(CAR)和青霉素钠(BEN)等抗生素药物在加热条件下反应生成结合产物,会导致溶液的共振瑞利散射(RRS)强度急剧增强,并产生新的RRS光谱,5种反应产物的最大散射峰均位于330 nm附近。在一定的浓度范围内,不同的反应体系散射强度(∆I)与药物浓度成正比,反应具有很高的灵敏度,K3[Fe(CN)6]对5种药物的检出限分别在4.61至5.62 ng·mL-1之间。本文研究了RRS的光谱特征和适当的反应条件,并讨论了反应机理和散射增强的原因,还考察了共存物质的影响,表明方法具有较好的选择性,可用于胶囊、片剂和人血清及尿液中青霉素类药物的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.