二氧化硅分子印迹膜电化学传感器研究及土霉素测定

用巯基乙酸处理金电极表面进行羧基化。采用化学聚合法,用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅氧烷(APTES)做功能单体,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)做交联剂,氨水做引发剂,在金电极表面合成土霉素的纳米SiO2分子印迹膜,制备了土霉素电化学传感器。采用铁氰化钾作为离子探针,建立了一种检测土霉素的方法。研究表明:土霉素浓度在3.0×10-7～4.5×10-6 mol/L范围内,铁氰化钾的差分脉冲伏安法的峰电流值随土霉素的浓度增加而线性降低,检出限为3.2×10-8 mol/L。该分子印迹膜克服了高分子膜模板分子不易洗脱,且反复洗脱几次后印迹空穴变形坍塌的缺点,因而可以作为目标分子土霉素理想的分子印迹材料。     

土霉素的电化学还原和吸附溶出伏安法测定研究

本文叙述吸附溶出分析土霉素的灵敏方法。土霉素及其质子化形态能在汞电极表面吸附富集(-0.60V vsAg/AgCl),溶出峰的数目及电位受pH影响。在pH4—8的溶液中得到4个溶出峰,而在强酸性和碱性介质中仅得到一个主峰。文中讨论了有关的化学和电极反应机理。采用奥氏方波溶出,电解富集5 min的测定限为5×10~(-10)mol/L。     

SPE及纳米金涂层毛细管电泳检测血浆中土霉素与多西环素

建立了混合型固相萃取及季铵化纤维素负载的纳米金涂层毛细管电泳法快速检测血浆中土霉素和多西环素的方法。采用季铵化纤维素负载的纳米金复合材料(QC-Au NPs)对毛细管内壁进行动态涂层,以抑制管壁对分析物的吸附,并对缓冲液p H值进行优化。结果表明,该涂层能改善峰形和分离度,提高分离效率,其中土霉素的柱效提高了17.9倍。在涂层毛细管中,土霉素和多西环素的吸附被抑制,并在4 min内出峰。在10~200μg/m L范围内,土霉素和多西环素的峰面积与浓度的线性关系良好,相关系数(r)分别为0.997 6和0.995 2。血浆中土霉素和多西环素的加标回收率为88%~107%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.4%~7.7%。该方法快速、简便,准确度和精密度高,适用于血浆中土霉素和多西环素的快速检测。     

土霉素在碳纳米管修饰电极上的电化学行为研究及其测定

研究了土霉素 (OTC)在 MWNT修饰电极上的伏安行为 ,优化了测定参数 ,在此基础上建立了一种直接测定土霉素的电化学分析方法。还原峰电流与土霉素的浓度在 2× 1 0 - 7～ 5× 1 0 - 5mol/L之间有很好的线性关系。开路富集 2 min后的检出限为 5× 1 0 - 8mol/L。用此方法测定了土霉素片剂中土霉素的含量 ,结果满意     

毛细管电泳电致化学发光法测定牛奶样中的土霉素残留量

以铕离子(Ⅲ)掺杂类普鲁士蓝(Eu-PB)化学修饰铂电极为工作电极,基于铜(Ⅱ)-土霉素配合物对三联吡啶钌(Ⅱ)电致化学发光强度的增敏作用,建立了用毛细管电泳电致化学发光法测定土霉素的新方法。实验对毛细管电泳分离条件和电化学发光检测条件进行了优化。在最佳实验条件下,电致化学发光峰面积与铜(Ⅱ)-土霉素配合物的浓度在0.138～46.1μg/mL范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限为57.0ng/mL(3σ)。本法用于牛奶样中土霉素残留量的测定,加标回收率为95.5%(n=5)。     

胶束增敏荧光光度法测定土霉素的研究

提出了表面活性剂增敏的酸性降解荧光法测定土霉素的新方法。土霉素与浓H2SO4反应,生成强荧光降解物一脱水土霉素,在pH10.0的NH3 NH4Cl缓冲溶液中,CTMAB的存在对脱水土霉素的荧光有较强的增敏和增稳作用,土霉素含量在1.21×10-8mol/L～4.83×10-6mol/L范围内与荧光强度成正比,方法的检出限为6 66×10-9mol/L。应用本法测定片剂中的土霉素,平均回收率为99.6%(n=5)。     

土霉素的电化学性质及其与DNA相互作用的研究

研究了土霉素在玻碳电极上的电化学行为。并利用电化学方法研究了土霉素与小牛胸腺DNA(ctDNA)的相互作用,DNA的存在能导致土霉素还原峰电流降低,峰电位正移,推测土霉素与DNA在该条件下以键合模式相互结合。紫外-可见吸收光谱的研究进一步确证了上述结果。     

基于溶剂剥离石墨烯增敏效应的土霉素电化学检测新方法

以N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)为剥离试剂,通过超声剥离石墨制备出了石墨烯纳米片(GS),离心分离后,将GS固体重新分散在较低沸点的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中,经挥发溶剂制备出石墨烯纳米片修饰玻碳电极(GS/GCE)。研究了土霉素的电化学行为,发现在GS/GCE上土霉素的氧化信号得到显著提高。优化了检测条件,建立了一种快速、简便测定土霉素的高灵敏电化学新方法,线性范围为5.0×10-8~1.0×10-6 mol/L,检出限为1.5×10-8 mol/L。将该方法用于尿液样品分析,结果准确。     

流动注射抑制化学发光法测定盐酸多西环素和土霉素

在酸性条件下,Ce(Ⅳ)-罗丹明6G发光体系有较强的化学发光,盐酸多西环素及土霉素的存在能抑制其发光。且化学发光信号的减小值(ΔI)与盐酸多西环素及土霉素的浓度在一定的范围内有较好的线性关系。据此结合流动注射技术,建立了快速测定盐酸多西环素及土霉素的流动注射化学发光分析新方法。优化了影响化学发光的各种因素。结果表明在优化的条件下,盐酸多西环素及土霉素的线性范围分别是1.0×10-7~1.0×10-4g/mL,1.0×10-6~1.0×10-4g/mL,测定的检出限为5.0×10-8g/mL及2.7×10-7g/mL,对1.0×10-6g/mL的盐酸多西环素及1.0×10-5g/mL的盐酸土霉素分别进行了9次平行测定,其相对标准偏差分别为1.4%、1.6%。方法已用于盐酸多西环素及土霉素片剂的测定。     

毛细管电泳法检测蜂蜜中残留的抗生素

 用毛细管电泳法对 5种常用的抗生素四环素 (TC) ,土霉素 (OTC) ,多西环素 (DOC) ,金霉素 (CTC)和氯霉素 (CP)进行了分离。研究了电泳缓冲液的 pH、不同有机试剂添加剂、温度等因素对抗生素分离的影响。实验结果表明 ,体积分数为 4%的N 甲基吗啡啉的加入可大大改善分离效果。在各自相应的浓度范围内 ,峰面积和样品浓度之间呈现良好的线性关系 ,重现性好。氯霉素的检测极限为 10 μg/L ,四环素、土霉素、多西环素为 2 0 μg/L ,金霉素为 40 μg/L(信噪比 >5 )。该方法成功地应用于蜂蜜中残留抗生素的测定 ,具有操作简单、快速方便、灵敏度及自动化程度高。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.