Hydro­gen bonding in C‐substituted nitro­anilines: a chain of R(12) rings in 2‐methane­sulfonyl‐4‐nitro­aniline

The title compound, C₇H₈N₂O₄S, exhibits a markedly polarized molecular–electronic structure. The mol­ecules are linked into a chain of edge‐fused (12) rings by two N—H⋯Ozdbnd;S hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 2.10 and 2.21 Å, N⋯O = 2.900 (2) and 2.878 (2) Å, and N—H⋯O = 152 and 133°].     

2,4,6‐Tri­methyl­benz­amide

The crystal structure of the title compound, C₁₀H₁₃NO, displays an infinite one‐dimensional network composed of primary amide mol­ecules connected by N—H⋯Ozdbnd;C hydrogen bonds involving the anti NH amide H atoms, thus generating a C(4) motif. This network is additionally stabilized by a weak N—H⋯π interaction between the syn‐oriented amide H atom and the aromatic ring of a neighbouring mol­ecule. The distance between the H atom and the ring centroid is 2.50 Å. The amide group and the aryl moiety are nearly perpendicular, forming an intramolecular dihedral angle of 84.69 (6)°.     

(±)‐cis‐2‐Methyl‐4‐oxo­cyclo­hexane­carboxyl­ic acid: catemeric hydrogen bonding in a δ‐keto acid derived from Hagemann's ester

The title compound, C₈H₁₂O₃, crystallizes as acid‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonding catemers, in which hydrogen bonds progress from the carboxyl group of each mol­ecule to the ketone group of a translationally related neighbor [O⋯O = 2.738 (3) Å and O—H⋯O = 153 (4)°]. Four separate hy­drogen‐bonding chains proceed through the cell in centrosymmetrically related pairs along axes lying in the ab plane. Three intermolecular C—H⋯O close contacts exist involving both carboxyl O atoms. Factors contributing to the choice of hydrogen‐bonding mode are discussed.     

6‐Amino‐2‐(3,4‐di­methoxy­benzyl­amino)‐3‐methyl‐5‐nitro­so­pyrimidin‐4(3H)‐one: hydrogen‐bonded sheets form interdigitated bilayers

Molecules of the title compound, C₁₄H₁₇N₅O₄, exhibit a highly polarized molecular–electronic structure. The mol­ecules are linked into sheets by two N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 2.03 and 2.02 Å, N⋯O = 2.836 (2) and 2.887 (2) Å, and N—H⋯O = 153 and 168°], augmented by a single C—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 2.47 Å, C⋯O = 3.403 (2) Å and C—H⋯O = 166°]. Pairs of sheets, related by inversion, form bilayers with interdigitated di­methoxy­benzyl substituents, weakly linked by a further C—H⋯O interaction [H⋯O = 2.50 Å, C⋯O = 3.350 (2) Å and C—H⋯O = 146°].     

2‐[(2‐Hydro­xy‐4‐nitro­phenyl)­amino­methyl­ene]­cyclo­hexa‐3,5‐dien‐1(2H)‐one

The title compound, C₁₃H₁₀N₂O₄, adopts the keto–amine tautomeric form and displays an intramolecular N—H⋯O [N⋯O = 2.579 (2) Å] and three intermolecular O—H⋯O [O⋯O = 2.561 (2) Å] and C—H⋯O [C⋯O = 3.274 (2) and 3.318 (2) Å] hydrogen bonds. The keto–amine structure is favoured by through‐mol­ecule conjugation between the hydroxy O atom and imine N atom. The dihedral angle between the planes of the two aromatic rings is 10.79 (4)°.     

Bilayers in 4‐iodo‐N‐(2‐iodo‐4‐nitrophenyl)benzamide generated by a combination of an N—H⋯O=C hydrogen bond and two independent iodo–nitro interactions

Molecules of the title compound, C₁₃H₈I₂N₂O₃, are linked into C(4) chains by a single N—H⋯O=C hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 2.10 Å, N⋯O = 2.832 (5) Å and N—H⋯O = 140°]. Two independent two‐centre iodo–nitro interactions, both involving the same O atom but different I atoms [I⋯O = 3.205 (3) and 3.400 (3) Å, and C—I⋯O = 160.4 (2) and 155.7 (2)°], link the hydrogen‐bonded chains into bilayers.     

(R)‐1‐Phenyl­ethyl­ammonium 6‐amino‐5‐nitro­pyrimidine‐2,4(1H,3H)‐dionate (R)‐1‐phenyl­ethyl­amine hemisolvate: hydrogen‐bonded sheets of ions with pendent solvent mol­ecules

In the title compound, 2C₈H₁₂N⁺·2C₄H₃N₄O₄⁻·C₈H₁₁N, the anions are linked by paired N—H⋯N hydrogen bonds [H⋯N = 2.07 and 2.11 Å, N⋯N = 2.942 (3) and 2.978 (3) Å and N—H⋯N = 173 and 170°] and by paired N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 1.98 and 2.05 Å, N⋯O = 2.855 (3) and 2.917 (3) Å, and N—H⋯O = 173 and 167°] into chains of rings. These chains are linked into sheets by further N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds in which all of the donors are provided by the cations [H⋯O = 1.83–2.17 Å, N⋯O = 2.747 (3)–2.965 (3) Å and N—H⋯O = 141–168°]. The neutral amine molecule is pendent from the sheet and is linked to it by a single N—H⋯N hydrogen bond [H⋯N = 2.00 Å, N⋯N = 2.901 (3) Å and N—H⋯N = 175°].     

4,8‐Di­methoxy‐1‐naphthalene­methanol

The title compound, C₁₃H₁₄O₃, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group C2/c with one mol­ecule as the asymmetric unit. Each hydroxyl O atom is involved in hydrogen bonds with two other hydroxyl O atoms. The resulting chains of interactions propagate along [001]. In these interactions, the hydroxyl H atoms are disordered and the O?O distances are 2.648 (2) and 2.698 (2) Å. Two leading intermolecular C—H?O interactions have H?O distances of 2.80 and 2.84 Å and C—H?O angles of 136 and 144°; these interactions form chain and ring patterns. Taken together with the hydrogen bonds, they result in a three‐dimensional network.     

()‐3‐Ethyl‐2‐methyl‐4‐oxo­cyclo­hexane­carboxyl­ic acid: catemeric hydrogen bonding in a cyclic δ‐keto acid

In the title compound, C₁₀H₁₆O₃, the two mol­ecules of the asymmetric unit form acid‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonded chains. The two species differ only very slightly and are related by a pseudo‐center, so that the apparent translational relationship among the units of the hydrogen‐bonded chain is actually a pseudo‐translation, with the mol­ecules alternating in type. Two counterdirectional pairs of chains proceed through each cell [O⋯O = 2.743 (2) and 2.683 (2) Å, and O—H⋯O = 171 (3) and 157 (3)°]. Three intermolecular C—H⋯O close contacts were found, involving all three O atoms of one of the mol­ecules.     

π‐Stacked hydrogen‐bonded dimers in 2‐(2‐nitro­phenyl­amino­carbonyl)­benzoic acid,and hydrogen‐bonded sheets in orthorhombic and monoclinic polymorphs of 2‐(4‐nitro­phenyl­amino­carbonyl)­benzoic acid

Molecules of 2‐(2‐nitrophenylaminocarbonyl)benzoic acid, C₁₄H₁₀N₂O₅, are linked into centrosymmetric R(8) dimers by a single O—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 1.78 Å, O⋯O = 2.623 (2) Å and O—H⋯O = 178°] and these dimers are linked into sheets by a single aromatic π–π stacking interaction. The isomeric compound 2‐(4‐nitrophenylaminocarbonyl)benzoic acid crystallizes in two polymorphic forms. In the orthorhombic form (space group P2₁2₁2₁ with Z′ = 1, crystallized from ethanol), the mol­ecules are linked into sheets of R(22) rings by a combination of one N—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 1.96 Å, N⋯O = 2.833 (3) Å and N—H⋯O = 171°] and one O—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 1.78 Å, O⋯O = 2.614 (3) Å and O—H⋯O = 173°]. In the monoclinic form (space group P2₁/n with Z′ = 2, crystallized from acetone), the mol­ecules are linked by a combination of two N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 2.09 and 2.16 Å, N⋯O = 2.873 (4) and 2.902 (3) Å, and N—H⋯O = 147 and 141°] and two O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 1.84 and 1.83 Å, O⋯O = 2.664 (3) and 2.666 (3) Å, and O—H⋯O = 166 and 174°] into sheets of some complexity. These sheets are linked into a three‐dimensional framework by a single C—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 2.45 Å, C⋯O = 3.355 (4) Å and C—­H⋯O = 160°].     

(2S,RS)‐6‐Phenyl‐1‐(p‐tolyl­sulfinyl)­hexa‐3(E),5(E)‐dien‐2‐ol

The mol­ecule of the title compound, C₁₉H₂₀O₂S, corresponds to a chiral sulfinyldienol with two stereogenic centres, viz. the C atom susbtituted by the hydr­oxy group and the sulfinyl S atom. The mol­ecule displays a V‐shape in the solid state. The dihedral angle defined by the least‐squares planes of the aromatic rings is 72.9 (1)°. The packing pattern exhibits the following inter­molecular hydrogen bonds: one O—H⋯O [H⋯O = 1.98 Å, O⋯O = 2.785 (4) Å and O—H⋯O = 166°] and two C—H⋯O [H⋯O = 2.58 and 2.60 Å, C⋯O = 3.527 (5) and 3.347 (5) Å, and C—H⋯O = 164 and 134°]. These define a chain along b.     

Hydro­gen bonds and C—H⋯O interactions in 2,2′‐dimethoxybiphenyl‐5,5′‐dimethanol at 150 K

The title compound, C₁₆H₁₈O₄, crystallized in the centrosymmetric space group P2₁/c with one mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit. The two hydroxyl‐H atoms are ordered, and are involved in intermolecular hydrogen bonds with O_donor?O_acceptor distances of 2.761 (1) and 2.699 (1) Å, and O—H?O angles of 157 (2) and 168 (2)°. Seven leading intermolecular C—H?O interactions have H?O distances ranging from 2.41 to 2.76 Å and C—H?O angles ranging from 125 to 170°. The hydrogen bonds and C—H?O interactions form chain and ring patterns, resulting in a richly three‐dimensional network. The bi­phenyl twist angle is 67.2 (1)°.     

2,2′‐Methyl­enebis(3‐hydroxy‐5,5‐di­methyl­cyclo­hex‐2‐en‐1‐one)

The title compound, C₁₇H₂₄O₄, crystallizes with two independent mol­ecules, both lying across twofold rotation axes in space group Pccn, in a unit cell whose dimensions closely mimic those of a tetragonal cell. Each mol­ecule contains paired O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 1.81 and 1.83 Å, O⋯O = 2.640 (2) and 2.642 (2) Å, and O—H⋯O = 168 and 162°].     

(−)‐3,7‐Dioxo‐5β‐cholanic acid: dual hydrogen‐bonding modes in a diketonic bile‐acid derivative

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C₂₄H₃₆O₄, contains three mol­ecules, all differing in their side‐chain conformations and all linked by hydrogen bonding confined entirely within a three‐mol­ecule block. One connection is of the acid‐to‐ketone type [O⋯O = 2.7055 (19) Å and O—H⋯O = 180°] and the other involves carboxyl pairing [O⋯O = 2.6485 (18) and 2.6598 (18) Å, and O—H⋯O = 168 and 174°]. Numerous inter­molecular C—H⋯O close contacts connect neighbouring mol­ecules.     

1′‐Acetyl­ferrocene‐1‐carboxyl­ic acid: an instance of hydrogen bonding in the rare dimeric acid‐to‐ketone mode

The title compound, [Fe(C₆H₅O₂)(C₇H₇O)], adopts a conformation involving partial staggering of its rings and aggregates in the solid as acid‐to‐ketone hydrogen‐bonding dimers [O?O = 2.720 (4) Å and O—H?O = 164°] having centro­symmetrically related components. Close intermolecular C—H?O contacts were found to both carboxyl O atoms.     

(±)‐7‐Oxo‐1,2,3,4,4a,5,6,7‐octa­hydro­naphthalene‐1‐acetic acid: catemeric hydrogen bonding and diastereomeric disorder in a bicyclic unsaturated ɛ‐keto acid

The 68.5:31.5 mixture of diastereoisomers obtained in the synthesis of the title compound, C₁₂H₁₆O₃, yielded sharply melting crystals containing the same ratio of epimers, in a disordered crystallographic arrangement. The disorder resides almost entirely in the carboxy­methyl side chain, but places the two sets of carboxyl O atoms at nearly identical paired spatial positions. Neither component displays significant carboxyl disorder, and the mol­ecules aggregate as hydrogen‐bonded carboxyl‐to‐ketone catemers [O⋯O = 2.673 (4) Å and O—H⋯O = 158°] having glide‐related components, with centro­symmetrically related pairs of chains following axes perpendicular to b. Close intermolecular C—H⋯O contacts exist for both the ketone and the carboxyl group. The energetics of the epimers and of their crystallization mode are discussed.     

Three N2‐benzoyl­oxybenz­amidines: sheet structures built from hard and soft hydrogen bonds and aromatic π–π stacking interactions

Molecules of the title compounds N²‐(benzoyl­oxy)­benz­ami­dine, C₁₄H₁₂N₂O₂, (I), N²‐(2‐hydroxy­benzoyl­oxy)­benz­ami­dine, C₁₄H₁₂N₂O₃, (II), and N²‐benzoyloxy‐2‐hydroxybenzamidine, C₁₄H₁₂N₂O₃, (III), all have extended chain conformations, with the aryl groups remote from one another. In (I), the mol­ecules are linked into chains by a single N—H⋯N hydrogen bond [H⋯N = 2.15 Å, N⋯N = 3.029 (2) Å and N—H⋯N = 153°] and these chains are linked into sheets by means of aromatic π–π stacking interactions. There is one intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond in (II), and a combination of one three‐centre N—H⋯(N,O) hydrogen bond [H⋯N = 2.46 Å, H⋯O = 2.31 Å, N⋯N = 3.190 (2) Å, N⋯O = 3.146 (2) Å, N—H⋯N = 138° and N—H⋯O = 154°] and one two‐centre C—H⋯O hydrogen bond [H⋯O = 2.46 Å, C⋯O = 3.405 (2) Å and C—H⋯O = 173°] links the mol­ecules into sheets. In (III), an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond and two N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds [H⋯O = 2.26 and 2.10 Å, N⋯O = 2.975 (2) and 2.954 (2) Å, and N—H⋯O = 138 and 163°] link the molecules into sheets.     

Ethyl 3‐amino‐6‐phenyl‐4‐tolylthieno[2,3‐b]pyridine‐2‐carboxylate

In the title compound, C₂₃H₂₀N₂O₂S, the central thieno­pyridine ring system is essentially planar, the dihedral angle between the planes of the two rings being 0.3 (2)°. The terminal ethyl carboxyl­ate group is twisted by 26.7 (3)° away from the central ring system. A short intramolecular hydrogen bond involving the amino N atom and the carbonyl O atom [N⋯O = 2.806 (4) Å] forms a pseudo‐six‐membered ring. Significant intermolecular C—H⋯N, C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π interactions contribute strongly to the stability of the structure, along with weak π–π‐stacking interactions.     

4‐Oxo­cyclo­hexane­carboxyl­ic acid: hydrogen bonding in the monohydrate of a δ‐keto acid

The title monohydrate, C₇H₁₀O₃·H₂O, aggregates as a complex hydrogen‐bonding network, in which the water mol­ecule accepts a hydrogen bond from the carboxyl group of one mol­ecule and donates hydrogen bonds to ketone and carboxyl Czdbnd;O functions in two additional mol­ecules, yielding a sheet‐like structure of parallel ribbons. The keto acid adopts a chiral conformation through rotation of the carboxyl group by 62.50 (15)° relative to the plane defined by its point of attachment and the ketone C and O atoms. Two C—H⋯O close contacts exist in the structure.     

7‐Carboxyl­ato‐8‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl­quinolinium monohydrate and 7‐carboxy‐8‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl­quinolinium chloride monohydrate at 100 K

Both 7‐carboxyl­ato‐8‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl­quinolinium monohydrate, C₁₁H₉NO₃·H₂O, (I), and 7‐carboxy‐8‐hydroxy‐2‐methyl­quinolinium chloride monohydrate, C₁₁H₁₀NO₃⁺·Cl⁻·H₂O, (II), crystallize in the centrosymmetric P space group. Both compounds display an intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond involving the hydroxy group; this hydrogen bond is stronger in (I) due to its zwitterionic character [O⋯O = 2.4449 (11) Å in (I) and 2.5881 (12) Å in (II)]. In both crystal structures, the HN⁺ group participates in the stabilization of the structure via intermolecular hydrogen bonds with water mol­ecules [N⋯O = 2.7450 (12) Å in (I) and 2.8025 (14) Å in (II)]. In compound (II), a hydrogen‐bond network connects the Cl⁻ anion to the carboxylic acid group [Cl⋯O = 2.9641 (11) Å] and to two water mol­ecules [Cl⋯O = 3.1485 (10) and 3.2744 (10) Å].