叶酸的能量转移荧光测定法及其应用

报道了一种灵敏检测叶酸的荧光新方法。 在叶酸-KMnO4-Eu3+-H2O2体系中,以pH=4.7的乙酸-乙酸钠（浓度为0.2 mol/L）为缓冲溶液,利用高锰酸钾和过氧化氢将叶酸氧化形成蝶呤-6-羧酸,与Eu3+配位成配合物,该配合物被激发后,蝶呤-6-羧酸通过分子内能量转移将吸收的能量传递到Eu3+,从而发射出Eu3+的特征荧光。 在4×10-8~4×10-5 mol/L范围内,Eu3+的荧光强度与叶酸的浓度呈线性关系,相关系数为0.9902,检测限达到1.2×10-8 mol/L。 用于实际样品中叶酸的检测,得到了满意的结果。     

间接荧光法测定奶粉中叶酸

研究了高锰酸钾氧化叶酸荧光体系的形成条件,并建立了测定叶酸含量的间接荧光法。在pH为4.0,80℃水浴中,高锰酸钾可将叶酸氧化为蝶呤-6-羧酸,氧化产物的荧光值较叶酸的荧光值大大增强。荧光强度与叶酸浓度在0~1.6 mg.L-1范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限为51μg.L-1,将此方法应用到孕妇强化奶粉中叶酸含量的测定,RSD为2.52%(n=6)。     

基于L-半胱氨酸修饰的锰掺杂ZnS量子点应用于叶酸测定

以L-半胱氨酸为表面修饰剂制备了稳定性和水溶性均优的ZnS∶Mn2+纳米晶,并应用于叶酸的检测。在pH 7.4的KH2PO4-Na2HPO4 缓冲溶液中,叶酸的加入使ZnS∶Mn2+体系的荧光发生猝灭,荧光强度的变化与叶酸浓度呈良好的线性关系,其线性范围为1.0×10-6~7.0×10-5 mol?L-1 （4.4×10-4~3.1×10-2 g?L-1）,方法检出限为9.6×10-7 mol?L-1 （4.2×10-4 g?L-1）。该方法用于叶酸片剂和健康人尿液中叶酸的测定,结果满意。采用荧光光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱及X-ray光谱等研究了ZnS∶Mn2+纳米晶及其水溶液的特性,通过热力学参数对叶酸测定的可能机理进行了探讨。     

蔬菜中叶酸的催化氧化荧光法测定

建立了催化氧化荧光法间接测定叶酸的新方法。在pH5.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,Co2+催化KIO4氧化叶酸产生强荧光,以262 nm为激发波长,在445 nm处测定叶酸的氧化产物蝶呤-6-羧酸的荧光强度,研究了反应的适宜条件及动力学参数,并探讨了反应机理。在优化实验条件下,叶酸浓度在1.0×10-8~1.0×10-5mol/L范围内与荧光强度呈良好线性关系,回归方程为ΔIF=10.82c(μmol/L)+2.867,相关系数r=0.998 5,方法的检出限为5×10-9mol/L。对5×10-7mol/L叶酸标准溶液进行11次平行测定,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.1%。该法使用Co2+为催化剂,大大提高了方法的灵敏度。方法用于蔬菜中叶酸的测定,加标回收率为93%~104%,6次测定的相对标准偏差为0.98%~2.1%,结果令人满意。     

流动注射化学发光法测定叶酸

建立了用高锰酸钾 -硫酸 -甲醛 -叶酸化学发光体系测定叶酸的新方法。方法的检出限为 2 .4× 10 -8mol/ L,叶酸浓度在 1.0× 10 -7～ 1.0× 10 -5 mol/ L范围内与化学发光强度呈良好的线性关系。对 4.0× 10 -6 mol/ L叶酸进行 11次平行测定 ,方法的相对标准偏差为 1.7%。该法用于叶酸片剂中叶酸含量的测定 ,结果与药典标准方法测得值一致 ,回收率为 97.3%～ 10 3.8%。     

高锰酸钾氧化—荧光分光光度法测定片剂中叶酸含量

以ＫＭｎＯ４为氧化剂,在ＰＨ４．２,８０℃水浴条件下,以２８９ｎｍ为激发波长,在４４０ｎｍ处测定叶酸氧化产物喋呤－６－羧酸的荧光强度,从而间接测定叶酸的含量,叶酸的检测限为０．７４μｇ／Ｌ,较直接荧光法测定叶酸的灵敏度提高了１２．５ｗｕｋ。利用本法测定叶酸片剂的含量,回收率为１０３．３％－１１４．０％之间,相对标准偏差小于１．８％。     

化学发光法测定叶酸的教学实验设计

实验发现叶酸增强NaIO4-H2O2体系的化学发光强度与叶酸的浓度在一定范围内呈正比关系.据此可以建立化学发光分析法用于叶酸的检测.将该法设计成化学发光分析法实验教学案例.通过优化实验条件,探究适合教学的实验方案.在教学过程中,引导学生观察叶酸增强化学发光现象并探索发光机理,锻炼学生理论知识的运用能力,培养学生的科...     

聚茜素红-多壁碳纳米管复合膜修饰电极的研制及叶酸含量测定

采用电聚合方法将茜素红（AR）非共价修饰到多壁碳纳米管（MWCNTs）上,制得了PAR/MWCNTs/GC电极,该电极对叶酸（FA）具有良好的电催化作用. 结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,在-0.63 V处叶酸还原峰电流与浓度（1.25×10^-6 ~ 4.00×10^-5 mol·L^-1）呈现良好线性关系,相关系数0.9985. 用标准加入法检测了回收率,其值达92.0% ~ 102.0%. 该电极制作简单,有良好的稳定性．     

Voltammetric Determination of Folic Acid with a Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Modified Gold Electrode

The voltammetric behavior of folic acid (FA) at a multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWNT) modified gold electrode has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry, chronoamperometry and chronocoulometry. The modified electrode exhibits a good promoting effect on the electrochemical reaction of FA. FA can generate a well-defined anodic peak at around 0.83 V (vs. SCE) in 0.1 M H₃PO₄–NaH₂PO₄ buffer solution of pH 2.5. The peak results from a 2-electron transfer of FA, and the standard potential of FA is estimated to be 0.79 V (vs. SCE). The parameters affecting the response of FA, such as solution pH, accumulation time, accumulation potential, and amount of MWNTs are optimized for the determination of FA. Under the optimum conditions, the peak current changes linearly with FA concentration in the range from 2.0 × 10⁻⁸ M to 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ M. This method has been applied to the determination of FA in drug tablets, and the recovery is 93.9–96.9%. In addition, the influence of some coexistent species is examined. When a Nafion layer is introduced on the gold electrode before deposition of MWNTs, the resulting composite electrode can give better response to FA. At the same time, the interference by some foreign species is suppressed to some extent.     

The Concept of Folic Acid in Health and Disease

Folates have a pterine core structure and high metabolic activity due to their ability to accept electrons and react with O-, S-, N-, C-bounds. Folates play a role as cofactors in essential one-carbon pathways donating methyl-groups to choline phospholipids, creatine, epinephrine, DNA. Compounds similar to folates are ubiquitous and have been found in different animals, plants, and microorganisms. Folates enter the body from the diet and are also synthesized by intestinal bacteria with consequent adsorption from the colon. Three types of folate and antifolate cellular transporters have been found, differing in tissue localization, substrate affinity, type of transferring, and optimal pH for function. Laboratory criteria of folate deficiency are accepted by WHO. Severe folate deficiencies, manifesting in early life, are seen in hereditary folate malabsorption and cerebral folate deficiency. Acquired folate deficiency is quite common and is associated with poor diet and malabsorption, alcohol consumption, obesity, and kidney failure. Given the observational data that folates have a protective effect against neural tube defects, ischemic events, and cancer, food folic acid fortification was introduced in many countries. However, high physiological folate concentrations and folate overload may increase the risk of impaired brain development in embryogenesis and possess a growth advantage for precancerous altered cells.     

Centri‐Voltammetric Folic Acid Detection

The need for practical detection of folic acid (FA) has been increased day by day. For this reason in this work, a two steps electroanalytical technique, centri‐voltammetry was utilized for FA detection for the first time. In order to get rid of the slow electrode kinetics of FA oxidation, the working electrode was modified with graphene‐Pt hibrid nanomaterial. Also for increasing the sensitivity, 1‐Chloro‐2‐[2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy) ethoxy]ethane (TEG?Cl) and 1,2‐di{2‐[2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)ethoxy] ethoxy}‐4‐nitrobenzene (4NC?NO₂) was used as a carrier material. After the characterization of graphene‐Pt hybrid nanomaterial, experimental parameters like, 4NC?NO₂ amount, adsorption time, centri‐voltammetric parameters like centrifuge time and speed were optimized. After that, analytical characteristics such as linear range, relative standard deviation (R.S.D), limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) values were found. In this manner, linear range was obtained for FA between 1.0 μM–1000 μM with the equations of (R²=0.9977). R.S.D value was calculated for 0.83 mM FA (n=3) as 1.86 % while LOD and LOQ values were found as 1.00 μM and 3.34 μM respectively. After the examination of interference effect of substances like ascorbic acid and uric acid, established centri‐voltammetric technique was enforced for FA detection in pharmateutical tablets. As a result, the recovery value was calculated as 96.4 %.     

高效液相色谱柱后化学衍生法测定食品中的VB1及叶酸含量

研究柱后化学衍生荧光检测高效液相色谱分离测定食品中维生素B1和叶酸的方法。采用C18柱,以含有3．5％乙腈的pH5．0磷酸盐缓冲溶液(0．05mol／L)作为流动相反相分离。色谱流出液在柱后与0．4％的过二硫酸钾溶液在线汇合后流经—Teflon管化学反应器时,维生索B1和叶酸转化为强荧光产物,由荧光检测器测定。在最佳条件下,进样20μL,维生素B1和叶酸工作曲线的线性范围分别为0．21～4．2mg／L和0．10～2．0mg／L,峰面积的相对偏差均为2．0％,回收率及实际样品测定结果满意。     

含叶酸功能端基Pluronic F127的合成及其在水中的形态

通过一系列反应将三嵌段共聚物Pluronic F127的端羟基转变为氨基。利用氨基化F127大单体,最终成功的将生物活性大分子叶酸接到了F127端基上(F127-Folate) 作为靶向配体。利用1H-NMR对嵌段共聚物的结构进行了表征。用透析法制备胶束溶液,利用TEM研究了F127-Folate在水溶液中的自组装形态,结果表明F127-Folate正在水溶液中自组装形成纳米胶束。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定强化食品中叶酸的含量

采用液相色谱-电喷雾电离串联质谱法测定强化食品(饮料、大米、奶粉、含乳饮料、饼干及果冻)中的叶酸含量。采用多种方法确保叶酸检测的准确性:1优化前处理操作步骤,并使用铝箔避光保存;2加入二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)作为叶酸的抗氧化保护剂;3加入甲氨蝶呤作为内标物,抵消复杂基质的干扰。方法系统考察了提取条件对回收率的影响,并采用Waters HSS T3(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm)反相色谱柱,以甲醇-10 mmol/L醋酸铵(p H 6.3)为流动相进行梯度洗脱分离,多反应监测(MRM)正离子扫描模式,以内标法进行定性和定量分析。该方法在0.05~100 ng/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,定量下限为0.01~0.5 mg/kg,回收率为72.0%~109%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为3.8%~11.8%。该方法简单快速,灵敏度、准确度和精密度均能满足强化食品中叶酸的测定要求。     

Simultaneous Determination of Gallic Acid and Folic Acid in Fruit Juice Samples Using Square Wave Voltammetry at Electrochemically Pretreated Carbon Paste Electrode

An efficient sensor was developed for the simultaneous determination of gallic and folic acid in juice samples using an electrochemically pretreated carbon paste electrode. The electrode was characterized by CV and EIS. The electrochemical behavior of GA and FA was evaluated by CV and SWV. The electrode exhibited high electrocatalytic activity towards GA and FA due to high surface area. Under the optimized condition, linear plots in the ranges of 0.08–13 μM and 0.1 to 15 μM were obtained for GA and FA, respectively. The proposed method was successful for the simultaneous determination of GA and FA in juice samples with satisfactory recovery.     

过氧化氢氧化-荧光分光光度法测定片剂中叶酸含量

1　引　　言作者曾开发出ＫＭｎＯ4 氧化 荧光分析法测定片剂中叶酸 (ＰＧＡ)含量的荧光新体系。该法通过测定ＰＧＡ的氧化产物蝶呤 6 羧酸的荧光强度 ,间接测定了ＰＧＡ的含量。考虑到用Ｈ2 Ｏ2 氧化ＰＧＡ ,分析其氧化产物蝶呤 6 甲醛的结构 ,也是强荧光性物质 ,也有可能用荧光测定法。为此本文详细研究了在ＮａＡｃ ＨＡｃ和ＮＨ4 Ｃｌ ＮＨ3·Ｈ2 Ｏ不同缓冲溶液中Ｈ2 Ｏ2 氧化ＰＧＡ的最佳条件和荧光特性 ,ＰＧＡ的检测限分别为 5 .2 μｇ/Ｌ(ｐＨ 5 .0 )、6.8μｇ/Ｌ (ｐＨ 10 .5 0 ) ,前者最佳ｐＨ范围较宽 ,抗干扰能力也明显强于…     

Electrochemical Study of Lead Complexes With Folic Acid and Its Related Compounds

Abstract

The equilibria existing in unbuffered aqueous medium between lead ions and folic acid or its related derivatives (pterin, pterin-6-carboxylic acid, pteroic acid and glutamic acid) have been investigated using differential pulse polarography. All these compounds, except pterin-6-carboxylic acid and glutamic acid, exhibit three consecutive complexes with increasing ligand concen-     

Application of a Single-Wall Carbon Nano-Tube Film Electrode to the Determination of Trace Amounts of Folic Acid

Single-wall carbon nano-tubes were used to modify the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GC) and applied in the determination of folic acid with voltammetry. The experiments demonstrated that the presence of a carbon nano-tube film on the electrode greatly increased the reduction peak current of folic acid. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) were used in a comparative investigation of the electrochemical reduction of folic acid with the film electrode. Effects of pH on the peak current and the peak potential were studied in the pH range of 4.0–8.0 with Britton-Robinson buffer solution. The reduction peak current was found to be linearly related to folic acid concentration over the range of 1 × 10⁻⁸ to 1 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ with a detection limit of 1 × 10⁻⁹ mol L⁻¹ after 5 min accumulation. The film electrode provides an efficient way for eliminating interferences from some inorganic and organic species in the solution. The high sensitivity, selectivity and stability of the film electrode demonstrate its practical application from a simple and rapid determination of folic acid in tablets.     

Targeted Tumor Therapy Based on Nanodiamonds Decorated with Doxorubicin and Folic Acid

The fabrication of nanodiamond (ND)‐based drug carriers for tumor‐targeted drug delivery is described. The ND clusters with an average size of 52.84 nm are fabricated using a simple fluidic device combined with a precipitation method and then conjugated with folic acid (FA) and doxorubicin (Dox) via carbodiimide chemistry to obtain FA/Dox‐modified ND (FA/Dox‐ND) clusters. Cell culture experiments revealed that KB (folate receptor‐positive) cells are preferentially ablated by FA/Dox‐ND clusters compared to A549 (folate receptor‐negative) cells. In vivo results revealed that FA/Dox‐ND clusters are specifically accumulated in tumor tissues after intravenous injection into tumor‐bearing mice, effectively reducing the volume of tumor. Based on these results, this study suggests that FA/Dox‐ND clusters can be a good candidate as tumor‐targeted nanovehicles for delivery of antitumor drug.

     

胶束增敏荧光光谱法测定吡哌酸

采用不同表面活性剂对吡哌酸在胶束体系中的荧光性质进行了研究，发现在酸性介质中十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)对吡哌酸有较强的增敏作用，据此建立了胶束增敏荧光光谱法测定吡哌酸的新方法。方法线性范围为0．07-0．36μg／mL，检出限为0.04μg／mL，平均回收率为98．6％-101．3％，相对标准偏差为1．1％-1．2％。样品测定结果令人满意。