Extract-Photometric Determination of Vanadium with Isophthaldihydroxamic Acid

Abstract

The spectrophotometric study of violet complex isophthaldihydroxamic acid-vanadium extracted into solution of trioctylmethylammonium chloride in ethylacetate was made (λ_max = 380 nm, ? = 7500 l.mol^?1.cm^?1; λ_max = 510 nm, ? = 5510 l.mol^?1 .cm^?1; stoichiometries, 1:1 and 1:2, V:reagent). A new method for the extract-spectrophotometric determination of V(V) in the range 14–80 μg of vanadium is proposed.     

Extractive Determination of Vanadium in Fungi Samples

A new reagent system has been reported for the extractive separation and simultaneous spectrophotometric de termination of vanadium (V). The method is based on the formation of a water in soluble blue‐violet V(V) complex with N‐hydroxy‐N‐m‐tolyl‐N′‐phenylbenzamidine (HTPBA), and neutral surfactant Triton X‐100 into chloroform over an acidity range of 1.0–10.0 M acetic acid. The complex shows a broad absorption maximum at 570 nm, when measured against a chloroform blank. The λ_max (570 nm) of the complex and that of re agent (313 nm) are well separated, hence the excess of the reagent does not interfere in the spectrophotometric de termination of the metal. The molar absorptivity (?) of the complex is (4.74) × 10³ 1 mol^?1 cm^?1. The linearity of the calibration curve is followed between 0.5–12.0 μg mL^?1 with slope, intercept and correlation coefficient of 9.16× 10^?2, 4.5 × 10^?3 and 0.999, respectively. The detection limit of the method is 45 μgl^?1. The proposed re agent system provides significantly higher tolerance limit for iron (500 μg mL^?1) and also various metalions commonly associated with vanadium did not interfere. The method was applied for the deter mi nation of vanadium content of three samples i.e. Spirogyra, Puccinia and Riccia.     

Spectrophotomhtric Determination of Vanadium with Salicylic Acid in Formic Acid Medium

Abstract

A method is described for the spectrophotometric determination of vanadium by measuring its colored complex with salicylic acid in formic acid medium. Lambert-Beer's law is followed in the range of 2.0 - 32.0 μg V/ml of the final solution. Thirty-six ions were tested and did not interfore, at the established conditions.     

Catalytic Spectrophotometric Determination of Vanadium by Flow Injection Analysis

Determination of trace amount of vanadium in water was studied by flow injection analysis. Catalytic spectrophotometric detection was performed with bromate oxidation of o-phenylenediamine and by addition of tiron as an activator and also as a masking agent. Vanadium can be determined with sample rate of ca. 60–70 samples/hour with in a range of 0.01 ppm to 0.5 ppm V and with r.s.d. 0.555% for 0.1 ppm V and 0.37% for 0.3 ppm V. Interference by Fe(III) can be reduced by using 0.3% NH₄F as a carrier solution.     

Determination of Traces of Vanadium with 5-Bomosalicylhydroxamic Acid by Solid-Phase Spectrophotometry

Abstract

A microdetermination method at μg 1^?1 levels for vanadium by solid-phase spectrophotometry has been developed. 5-Bromosalicylhydroxamic acid was used as chromogenic reagent to form a 1:2 violet complex which is easily sorbed and concentrated on a dextran-type anion-exchange resin. The resin-phase absorbances at 560 and 850 nm were measured directly. Vanadium can be determined in the 5 - 60 μg 1^?1 range with a RSD of 4.3%. The method is applied to the determination of vanadium in pet roleiim crudes and natural water, samples.     

N-p-tolyl-2-furohydroxamic Acid as the Extracting and Spectrophotometric Reagent for Vanadium(V)

Abstract

A simple and rapid spectrophotometric determination of vanadium(V) is described. The vanadium-N-p-tolyl-2-furohydroxamic acid complex is extracted into chloroform form 6–8 molar hydrochloric acid solution. Maximum absorbance occurs at 540 nm and Beer's Law is obeyed over the range of 0–15 μg of vanadium in the organic phase. The molar absorptivity is 3.0 × 10³ mole^?1 cm^?1 at 540 nm.

Vanadium could be determined in high purity niobium and tantalum metals, cast iron, steel, non ferrous alloys and silicates. Vanadium could be determined in the presence of several commonly occurring cations.     

负载水杨酸荧光酮-活性炭吸附富集-分光光度法测定水中痕量钒

采用负载水杨酸荧光酮－活性炭对水中的痕量钒（Ｖ）进行预分不铫度法测定。探讨了活性炭吸附钒（Ⅴ）的吸附效果及有机试剂的影响和机理１００ｍｇ活性炭负载水杨酸荧光酮后可以大大提高对钒（Ⅴ）的吸附能力,同时可消除干扰的金属离子。方法用于天然水样中痕量钒（Ⅴ）的测定。     

催化动力学分析法测定超痕量钒的研究

在稀磷酸介质及活化剂抗坏血酸存在下,痕量钒（Ⅴ）强烈催化溴酸钾氧化碱性品红褪色,据此建立了一个新的测定超痕量钒的催化动力学光度法.方法测定钒（Ⅴ）的线性范围为:0.0～400.0 pg/mL,检出限为27 pg/mL.实验考察了影响催化反应速率的各种因素,确定了实验的最佳条件.测定了催化反应的动力学参数：表观活化能E0＇＝170.1 kJ/mol,表观速率常数 k＇＝2.8×10^-3s^-1,建立了动力学速率方程：－dC_MR/dt＝K＇·C     

5-Br-PADAP光度法测钒钛磁铁矿中钒的不确定度评定

5-Br-PADAP光度法是测钒钛磁铁矿中钒的主要方法之一。根据其分析过程的操作步骤确定了其影响因素。建立数学模型,并根据数学模型把不确定度分解为称样质量、溶液含量、钒标准工作曲线和重复测定引入的各不确定度,对影响测量结果的各个分量进行了分析评定和计算。结果表明,钒的标准工作曲线的建立是影响样品分析误差的重要因素。     

萃取催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒

本文研究了在柠檬酸介质中，利用钒（Ⅴ）催化溴酸钾氧化二苯碳酰二肼的指示反应，用萃取平衡控制反应时间和水相中二苯碳酰二肼的浓度及反应程度，建立了萃取催化动力学光度法测定痕量钒的新方法。     

吖啶橙催化荧光法测定痕量钒

研究了在酸性介质中柠檬酸存在下,痕量钒（Ｖ）催化溴酸钾氧化吖啶橙退色及其动力学条件,建立了催化荧光法测定痕量钒（Ｖ）的新方法。钒（Ｖ）的线性范围为 ０．２～２．８ μｇ／Ｌ,检出限为 ５．８× １０－８ｇ／Ｌ。３０多种离子基本不干扰测定,将方法用于矿泉水,枸杞和人发样品中钒（Ｖ）的含量的测定,结果满意。此外,还对反应机理进行了初步探讨。     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定含钒尾渣中钒的含量

以氢氟酸、硝酸消解样品,然后加入硫酸络合钛避免其在低酸度介质中水解,并且加热至产生三氧化硫烟以驱赶氢氟酸,以水稀释定容后采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法（ICP-OES）直接测定含钒尾渣中钒的含量。实验考察了在共存含有铁、钛、铝、铬、锰、钒等元素的含钒尾渣复杂基体中,基体效应、光谱干扰以及背景噪音等影响因素对钒测定的干扰,方法通过优选元素分析谱线、背景校正区域以及光谱仪工作条件,并且采用基体匹配法和同步背景校正法相结合的方式,消除了构成复杂且变化无常的样品基体对测定的影响。结果表明,方法可用于测定0.01%~6.0%的钒,并且样品基体在含20%~40%铁,5%~30%钛时,铝、铬、锰、钠、硅、钙、镁各元素1%~10%的变化对测定无影响,检测下限可达0.0009%;精密度RSD〈3%,加标回收率94%~106%,与高锰酸钾氧化-硫酸亚铁铵滴定化学分析法的测定结果对照一致。     

电感耦合等离子体光谱法测定废钒触媒中钒的含量

本文建立了用盐酸、硝酸、氢氟酸和高氯酸的混合酸溶解样品,采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定废钒触媒中钒含量的分析方法。该方法确定了最佳溶样方法和仪器的最佳条件。在选定的操作条件下,钒的检出限0.026μg/mL。相对标准偏差(n=11),RSD<1%,加标回收率在98.85%-101.30%之间。用该法测定废钒触媒中钒的含量,流程短,易操作,结果令人满意。     

催化动力学褪色光度法测定痕量钒

基于磷酸和棉红在沸水发色条件下反应生成的产物在钒（Ⅴ）催化下被ＫＢｒＯ３氧化而建立了一个测定超痕量钒的新方法,方法选择性好;测定范围是０．００－０．７０μｇ／Ｌ,检测出限量７．３＊１０＾－１２ｇ／ｍＬ,方法用于芹菜、人体血清和井水中超痕量钒的测定,获得了满意结果。     

钒钛物料中钒钛化学物相分析现状及最新进展

主要概述了钒钛炉渣原料中价态钒(V2+,V3+,V4+,V5+),低价钛(Ti 2+,Ti 3+),金属钒(MV),氮化钒(VN),碳化钒(VC),碳化钛(TiC),氮化钛(TiN)及钢铁材料里固溶钒(Vsol),氮化钒(VN),碳化钒(VC),固溶钛(Tisol),碳化钛(TiC),氮化钛(TiN)等的化学物相分析的现状流程及最新进展,为从事钒钛化学物相分析方法研究者提供了参考依据。     

Determination of Vanadium in Tissues By Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Abstract

A simple and sensitive method for the determination of vanadium in tissues was established by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with graphite furnace atomisation. The proposed method includes formation of a chelate-complex by reacting vanadium with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDCA), extracting the chelate with xylene and measurement of the extract using atomic absorption spectrometry. The recoveries of added vanadium in various rat tissues were 96.7 and 109.3%, within 8.6% of the coefficient variation. The sensitivity of this method is 10 – 50 times higher than previous methods, the detection limit is 0.01 μg/g.     

Determination of Trace Amounts of Vanadium by Kinetic-Catalytic Spectrophotometric Methods

Kinetic-catalytic spectrophotometric methods were proposed for the determination of trace amounts of vanadium element as vanadium（Ⅳ） and/or V（Ⅴ） ions. The vanadium（Ⅳ） as VO^2＋ ion and/or vanadium（Ⅴ） as VO3^- ion showed a catalytic effect on the kinetic reactions between a color reagent such as methylthymol blue （MTB） or SPADNS and bromate in acidic media. The rate of decrease in the absorbance of the reagent MTB at 440 nm or SPADNS at 510 nm was proportional to concentration of V（Ⅳ） and/or V（Ⅴ） ions in the solution. The linear ranges for determination of vanadium were obtained in the range of 1.0-150 and 5.0-100.0 μg/L by the fixed-time and slope methods, respectively, with using MTB as reagent. In the presence of SPADNS as reagent, the calibration curves were made in the amplitude 1.0-200.0 and 5.0-150 μg/L of vanadium ion by the fixed-time and slope methods, respectively. Using fixed-time method, the limits of detection were obtained to be 0.5 and 0.7 μg/L of vanadium in the presence of MTB and SPADNS as reagents, respectively. Detection limits of vanadium by slope method and reagents of SPADNS and MTB were obtained to be 3.5 and 3.8 μg/L of vanadium, respectively. The proposed methods were applied successfully to determination of vanadium in synthetic and real samples.     

Environmental Analysis of Thorium (IV) by Extractive Separation with N-p-Methoxyphenyl-2-furylacrylohydroxamic Acid and Spectrophotometric Determination with 4-(2-Pyridylazo) Resorcinol

Abstract

Thorium (IV) was separated from several anions and cations commonly associated with it in environmental samples by liquid-liquid extraction with N-p-methoxyphenyl-2-furylacrylohydroxamic acid (MFHA) into chloroform at pH 3.6–5.5. The metal was then back-extracted into aqueous media containing 1.8–2.2 M HCl and determined spectrophotometricall) at 500 nm (? = 3.9 × 10⁴ 1 mol^?1 cm^?1) with 4-(2-pyridylazo) resorcinol [PAR]. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of thorium in coal fly ash, monazite, uranium-thorium ore, animal tissue, plant tissue, and natural waters. MFHA and PAR were chosen from thirteen hydroxamic acids and nine pyridylazo reagents, as the reagent combination that provided the maximum selectivity and sensitivity.     

Determination of Vanadium in Foods by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

ABSTRACT

A simple and sensitive method for the determination of vanadium in foods was established by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry with graphite furnace atomization. The proposed method includes formation of a chelate-complex by reacting vanadium with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDCA), extracting the chelate with xylene and measurement of the extract by atomic absorption. The recoveries of added vanadium to various foods were 91.3 and 109.1%, within 7.9% of the coefficient variation. The sensitivity of this method is 10 - 50 times higher than previous methods with a detection limit of 0.01 μg/g.