Separation and Determination of Bases by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

ＳｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＤｅｔｅｒｍｉｎａｔｉｏｎｏｆＢａｓｅｓｂｙＣａｐｉｌｌａｒｙＺｏｎｅＥｌｅｃｔｒｏｐｈｏｒｅｓｉｓＺＨＡＯＴａｏ,ＬＩＵＱｉ－ｐｉｎｇ,ＣＨＥＮＧＪｉｅ－ｋｅ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ,ＷｕｈａｎＵｎｉｖ...     

Simultaneous and Fast Detection of Anions in Snow Using Short Tube by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

A capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method applied short-effective length of capillary (11 cm) and low separation voltage (5 kV) was developed for the fast and quantitative determination of Cl m , $ {\rm NO}_2^ - $ , $ {\rm SO}_4^{2 - } $ , $ {\rm NO}_3^ - $ , $ {\rm HCO}_3^ - $ in snow sample. Baseline separation of inorganic anions and organic anions was achieved within 55 s. Indirect absorbance detection of anions was accomplished with a chromate - based background electrolyte modified with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and acetonitrile at pH 9.5. The effect of the pH, the concentration of electrolyte and modifiers on the resolution was investigated. The application of electrokinetic injection using butyric acid as internal standard created the described method fast, sensitive, and quantitative, with good relative standard deviation (RSD), for migration times from 0.1 to 0.3% and for peak areas from 1.8 to 4.0%. The limits of detection (LOD) were 0.03 mg L m 1 Cl m , 0.1 mg L m 1 $ {\rm NO}_2^ - $ , 0.07 mg L m 1 $ {\rm SO}_4^{2 - } $ , 0.08 mg L m 1 $ {\rm NO}_3^ - $ , 0.05 mg L m 1 F m , and 0.2 mg L m 1 $ {\rm HCO}_3^ - $ , respectively. Standard addition recoveries of Cl m , $ {\rm NO}_2^ - $ , $ {\rm SO}_4^{2 - } $ , $ {\rm NO}_3^ - $ , F m , and $ {\rm HCO}_3^ - $ in snow sample were between 91 and 104%. This method has been shown promising results for the determination of small anions in snow sample.     

手性药物山莨菪碱的毛细管电泳拆分研究

以新型环糊精衍生物单3-O-苯基胺甲酰基-β-CD为手性选择剂,用毛细管区带电泳法对手性药物山莨菪碱进行了拆分。考察了手性选择剂浓度、缓冲液pH值和浓度及有机溶剂对拆分的影响。结果表明,手性选择剂浓度和缓冲液pH值是影响药物对映体分离的重要因素,有机溶剂亦对分离有很大影响。单3-O-苯基胺甲酰基-β-CD对山莨菪碱的分离度为2．16。     

Capillary Electrophoresis: Methods and Scope

Capillary electrophoresis is a new analytical technique that has seen a great upswing in recent years, because this adaptation of electrophoresis may be automated and simple, direct quantification is possible. As in conventional electrophoresis, samples with a large range of molecular weights, from inorganic ions to biopolymers such as DNA and proteins, can be separated. Uncharged molecules can also be separated when micelle-forming detergents are added to the buffer; the distribution mechanism that then comes into play increases the separation efficiency of this micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Chiral additives such as cyclodextrins make the separation of enantiomers possible. The rapid increase in the popularity of capillary electrophoresis is reflected in instrument sales and the growing number of scientific publications dealing with the method, and it seems that the future of this technique is assured.     

毛细管区带电泳在氧氟沙星含量分析中的应用

氧氟沙星（ＯＦ）是第三代喹诺酮类药物中效果最好的广谱抗菌素之一。由于它在ｐＨ２～１１范围内难溶于水与醇，给用ＨＰＬＣ法检测其含量带来一定困难。本文报告了用毛细管区带电泳（ＣＺＦ）分离检测该药的方法。由于使用ｐＨ调制样品引入技术，克服了其溶解性不好给ＨＰＬＣ法所带来的困难。其实验条件为：５０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ硼砂（ｐＨ１．５）为电泳缓冲液，２８０ｎｍ为紫外检测波长，２５ｋＶ为电泳电压。样品由高差进样方式引入分离毛细管（５．１２ｃｍ×５０μｍｉ．ｄ．，有效分离长度为３８．５ｃｍ）。用磺胺作内标，ＯＦ在４８～５３０ｍｇ／Ｌ及５８０～９７０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内可进行定量分析。保留时间（ｔｒ）及相对紫外吸收（Ａ（样品）／Ａ（内标））的日内－ＲＳＤ值分别小于１．０％和２．４％（ｎ＝６）。     

Determination of the pKa of Benzophenones by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

Electrophoretic behavior of seven benzophenones as a function of the buffer pH was investigated, and their pK_a values were determined by capillary zone electrophoresis. The determination of pK_a allows us to rationalize the influence of the buffer pH on the migration behavior of benzophenones. The results reveal that both the presence of intramolecular hydrogen bond and the favorable π‐electronic delocalization decrease the degree of the acid dissociation of the hydroxyl groups of hydroxybenzophenones. However, the introduction of a hydroxyl group at the 4‐position or at the 2′‐position of the aromatic ring of hydroxybenzophenones would decrease greatly their pK_a1 values. Thus the presence of this type of hydrogen bonding also plays an important role in the acid dissociation of these hydroxybenzophenones.     

同时测定核苷酸口服液中二磷酸核苷的毛细管区带电泳法

建立了一种毛细管区带电泳法，用于同时测定5种核苷酸－鸟苷二磷酸（GDP）、尿苷二磷酸（UDP）、腺苷二磷酸（ADP）、胞苷二磷酸（CDP）、次黄嘌呤核苷酸（IDP）；研究了缓冲液的pH值及磷酸盐的浓度对分离5种核苷酸的影响，5种核苷酸在75mmol/L三羟甲基氨基甲烷（Tris)－50mmol/L磷酸二氢钠（NaH2PO4）、pH为8．00的缓冲液可以基线分离；另外还研究了中入阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化胺（CTAB）以及CTAB的浓度和进样时间对分离5种核苷酸的影响；该法成功地应用于测定核苷酸口服液中ADP、CDP、GDP、UDP的含量。     

毛细管区带电泳分离和测定嘧啶碱

本报道毛细管区带电泳分离和测定胞嘧啶，胸腺嘧啶，尿嘧啶，羟乙基氟尿嘧啶，尿嘧啶丙酸和５－氟尿嘧啶，在熔硅毛细管（７０ｃｍ×７５μｍｉ，ｄ，有效长度６３ｃｍ）上，以０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ硼砂缓冲溶液（ｐＨ＝９．２５）作电解质，电压为２０ｋＶ，温度为３５℃，真空进样１ｓ，于２７０ｎｍ处检测，可在８ｍｉｎ内完全分离上述６种嘧啶碱，塔板数达到２．５×１０＾５，碱基检测限为（０．９～３．６）×１０＾－６ｍｏｌ     

Determination of Size Distribution of Nano-particles by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

A new method was developed for the determination of the size distribution of nano-particles by capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). Scattering effect of nanoparticles was studied. This method for the determination of size distribution was statistical.     

毛细管区带电泳电化学检测器

本文阐述了毛细管区带电泳探针式安培检测器的构造、工作原理、理论及其与电泳系统的联结技术;介绍了该检测器的应用情况。     

Determination of Dissociation Constants of Complicated Compounds by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

In this work, the whole theoretical methods for the determination of pK_a1. and pK_a2. of complicated compounds are proposed by capillary zone electrophoresis. The pK_a values are achieved by non‐linear regression analysis by taking into consideration the effect of activity coefficient. This is the first report on determining the dissociation constants of gastrodin, magnolol, honokiol, quercetin, curcumin, diethylstilbestrol, 4‐acetamidophenol, eugenol and paeonol.     

毛细管电泳法检测随机尿中香草扁桃酸和肌酐含量

采用毛细管区带电泳(CZE)对随机尿中香草扁桃酸(Vanillylmandelic Acid,VMA)、肌酐(Creatinine,CR)进行测定.实验优化了缓冲介质、分离电压、毛细管内径等参数.结果表明:在优化条件下,VMA和CR在13 min内可以实现分离检测,VMA和CR分别在0～500 μmol/L和0～4 0...     

Validated Assay for the Determination of Mitoxantrone in Pharmaceuticals Using Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

Abstract

The first capillary zone electrophoretic (CZE) method for the determination of mitoxantrone (MTX) in pharmaceutical formulations was developed. The influence of background electrolyte (BGE) species, pH, concentration (c _BGE), organic modifier, capillary temperature, applied voltage, and injection time was investigated. Optimum results were achieved with 25 mM ammonium acetate at an apparent pH value of 5.0 in 50% v/v acetonitrile, applied voltage of +30 kV, and capillary temperature of 25°C. The samples were introduced into the capillary hydrodynamically for 2 s at 33.5 mbar. Mitoxantrone was detected at a wavelength of 242 nm. Mitoxantrone and doxorubicin (DOX) (used as internal standard, ISTD) were completely separated in less than 7 min. The method was suitably validated with respect to linearity, limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ), accuracy, precision, selectivity, and robustness. The proposed method was applied successfully for the determination of MTX in its injectable pharmaceutical formulation.     

毛细管电泳法快速测定保健食品中免疫球蛋白G

建立了毛细管电泳法快速测定保健食品中免疫球蛋白G(IgG)含量的方法,成功测定了不同剂型(片剂、粉剂及胶囊)牛初乳保健品中IgG的含量。以37 cm×50μm(i.d.)未涂敷熔融石英毛细管为色谱分离柱,50 mmol/L四硼酸钾 65 g/L聚乙二醇20 000(1 mol/L氢氧化铯调pH 10.0)为运行缓冲液,于214 nm波长处检测。详细研究了影响实际样品中IgG分离及准确定量的关键因素,如添加剂的种类、浓度;运行及样品缓冲液的浓度及pH等。采用峰面积外标法定量。方法的精密度为2.1%(n=7);检出限为6.25 mg/L(S/N=3);线性范围为50~2000 mg/L;400 mg/L IgG迁移时间的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.14%;峰面积的RSD为2.9%(n=7)。6 m in内即可实现保健食品中IgG的分离与测定,结果与产品标示值基本吻合。     

毛细管区带电泳法测定十全大补丸中的川芎嗪和芍药甙

川芎嗪和芍药甙是十全大补丸中的主要有效成分。本文用毛细管区带电泳法分离测定了这两种成分。以40mmol/L硼砂（含3％乙醇,V／V）、pH10．88为电泳介质,未涂层熔融硅毛细管,压力进样（69kPa·s）,15kV恒压电泳（23℃）,检测波长232nm。在20～700mg/L和15～55mg／L范围内,川芎嗪与芍药甙可分别定量分析。加样回收率川芎嗪为101．0％±1．8％,芍药甙为99．3％±2．0％。     

氧氟沙星片剂与针剂中有效成分的毛细管区带电泳快速测定

建立了一种简单,快速的毛细管区带电泳法,用于测定氧氟沙星片剂与针剂中有的效成分。背景电解液的组成为１０ｍｍｏ／Ｌ ＫＨ２ＰＯ４与１２ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＣｕＳＯ４的混合溶液,其ＰＨ值为３．６,检测波长为２９０ｎｍ。同时研究了背景电解液中Ｃｕ＾２＋的加入对氧氟沙星的有效电泳淌度以及检测灵敏度的影响。结果表明Ｃｕ＾２＋的加入可以有效地改善氧氟沙星的峰型,提高检测灵敏度。对所建立方法的线性、灵敏度、精密度,回收率等进行了考察,结果表明地适于测定氧氟沙星片剂与针剂中的有效成分的含量。     

阿魏酸转化反应速率常数的毛细管电泳测定方法研究

初步确定了阿魏酸自然转化产物的结构 ,并用毛细管电泳测定了转化反应速率常数。在常温下 ,用毛细管区带电泳法直接测定阿魏酸浓度随时间变化的规律 ,并根据HPLC -MS -MS得到的质谱图及紫外光谱图初步确定了转化产物。在23℃ ,阿魏酸转化反应正向和逆向反应速率常数分别为5.194×10 -6s -1、5.360×10 -6s -1。方法简单、灵敏、快速     

毛细管区带电泳法分离检测神经性毒剂降解产物

用毛细管区带电泳间接紫外检测法分离测定６种甲基膦酸单酯。以苯基膦酸为紫外添加剂 ,检测波长为２１０ｍｍ。优化后缓冲溶液组成为：２００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ硼酸－５ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ苯基膦酸－０．１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＤＤＡＢ－．２０％ＴｉｔｏｎＸ－１００（ｐＨ３．５５）。毛细管规格为７０ｃｍ＊７５μｍｉ．ｄ。以ＫＨ２ＰＯ４为内标定量,在１－３０ｍｇ／Ｌ浓度范围内６种甲基膦酸单脂标准回归曲线性关系良好,检测限为０．２５     

测定酚醛树脂中水杨酸的高效毛细管区带电泳法

介绍了应用高效毛细管区带电泳技术测定酚醛树脂中水杨酸含量的新方法。缓冲液采用 75％ (φ )乙醇为溶剂,水杨酸不需提取,直接测定。该法的线性范围为 5.8× 10－ 6～ 1.0× 10－ 4 mol/L,检出限为 8.0× 10－ 7 mol/L（ S/N=3）, RSD为 2.7％（ n=5）,实验操作简便、迅速、准确。