Chromatographic Fingerprint Analysis of Semen Ziziphi spinosae by HPLC-DAD Method

Abstract

Reliable, reproducible and valid fingerprint analysis methods using high-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection (HPLC-DAD) for characteristic bioactive flavonoids and saponins of Semen Ziziphi spinosae (SZS) were developed and validated. HPLC separation of the chemical constituents of SZS was performed on an YMC-PACK ODS-A RP-18 column and detected at 270 and 204 nm for flavonoids and saponins, respectively. A mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile and 0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution was used with linear gradient elution. Using spinosin and jujuboside B as the reference markers of flavonoids and saponins respectively, 9 common fingerprint peaks of flavonoids and 10 common fingerprint peaks of saponins were specified based on the fingerprint analysis of 10 batches of SZS from different regions in China. The fingerprint analysis methods developed are reliable, reproducible and valid, and might be used as a more convenient approach for the species identification and quality monitoring and assessment of SZS.     

Data Preprocessing for Chromatographic Fingerprint of Herbal Medicine with Chemometric Approaches

Abstract

Recently, the fingerprinting approach using chromatography has become one of the most potent tools for quality assessment of herbal medicine. Due to the complexity of the chromatographic fingerprint and the irreproducibility of chromatographic instruments and experimental conditions, several chemometric approaches such as variance analysis, peak alignment, correlation analysis, and pattern recognition were employed to deal with the chromatographic fingerprint in this work. To facilitate the data preprocessing, a software named Computer Aided Similarity Evaluation (CASE) was also developed. All programs of chemometric algorithms for CASE were coded in MATLAB5.3 based on Windows. Data loading, removing, cutting, smoothing, compressing, background and retention time shift correction, normalization, peak identification and matching, variation determination of common peaks/regions, similarity comparison, sample classification, and other data processes associated with the chromatographic fingerprint were investigated in this software. The case study of high pressure liquid chromatographic HPLC fingerprints of 50 Rhizoma chuanxiong samples from different sources demonstrated that the chemometric approaches investigated in this work were reliable and user friendly for data preprocessing of chromatographic fingerprints of herbal medicines for quality assessment.     

中药色谱指纹图谱的小波变换及分形表达方法

提出一种基于小波变换的色谱指纹图谱分形表达方法。该法运用小波变换将色谱谱线分解至不同分辨尺度，然后计算各尺度分量的分形维数，用色谱的小波基分形参量替代色谱指纹图谱的采样值。仿真实验结果表明，色谱小波基分形参量对谱峰保留时间漂移具有较好的抗干扰能力。以当归和川芎两种中药材的品种及道地性鉴别分类问题为实例，比较研究色谱采样值与小波基分形参量，k-近邻法的交叉验证计算结果表明，小波基分形参量的分类效果优于色谱采样值。     

基于遗传算法的色谱指纹峰配对识别方法

指纹峰配对识别是色谱指纹图谱分析中的关键环节之一,本文提出一种基于遗传算法的色谱指纹峰配对识别方法。该法根据对照色谱指纹图谱的峰分布特性初选出若干标定蜂,将其存入一个候选标定蜂库;同时根据这些候选标定峰从待测指纹图谱中选出相应的候选标定峰,也存入候选标定峰库;再用遗传算法从库中选取一组标定峰用于校正待测指纹图谱中各峰的峰位,并自动识别出与对照色谱指纹图谱相对应的各指纹峰。仿真实验及实际分析实验结果均表明,该法识别指纹峰准确可靠,可用于色谱指纹图谱相似度的快速自动计算。     

烟用香精的GC-MS指纹图谱

在卷烟生产中,烟用香精对卷烟的风格起着决定作用,所以稳定的烟用香精质量对卷烟内在品质的控制非常重要。目前,烟用香精的质量控制以物理指标方法为主,对质量的变化反映不显著,给质量控制带来困难。作者采用气相色谱一质谱(GC-MS)测定烟用香精的成分,建立其GC-MS指纹图,既有定量信息又有定性信息,为控制烟用香精的质量提供科学依据。     

黄蜀葵多糖的分析

采用热水浸提 -乙醇沉淀、鞣酸除蛋白、过氧化氢和活性炭脱色、微晶纤维素柱色谱分离纯化工艺制备黄蜀葵根和茎中的多糖 ;用苯酚 -硫酸比色法测定该多糖的糖含量为93.8% ;薄层色谱法鉴定黄蜀葵多糖是由半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖组成 ;红外光谱法鉴定黄蜀葵多糖的糖键是α_吡喃糖苷键 ,且紫外扫描无核酸和蛋白特征吸收峰 ;比旋光度[α]D25 为 +122.2°～ +123.0°(0.3 ,H2O)。     

中药液相色谱指纹图谱的方法学研究--银杏叶总黄酮指纹图谱个例剖析

色谱指纹图谱是优于传统质量控制的新方法,在研究的过程中必然会遇到新问题．本文以银杏叶提取物HPLC指纹图谱为个例进行了研究对银杏叶总黄酮成分的HPLC条件的优化、方法学验证以及银杏叶提取物色谱指纹图谱平台的构建和指纹图谱识别及计算机辅助相似度评价(CASE)软件对测试样品质量的评价进行了详细的研究．     

Development of a Special Two-Dimensional Fingerprint for the Quality Evaluation of Euonymus Alatu by HPLC with Diode Array Detector Coupled with Chemiluminescence Detection

A special two-dimensional fingerprint developed by a hyphenated method, HPLC–DAD coupled with flow injection analysis and chemiluminescence detection (HPLC–DAD–FIA–CL), was applied to evaluate the quality of Euonymus alatu. Chromatographic fingerprint and active characteristics of Euonymus alatu from different habitats were investigated by HPLC–DAD–FIA–CL method. The similarity of two-dimensional fingerprint obtained by a vectorial angle method was used to evaluate the quality of Euonymus alatu. The results suggested that the two-dimensional fingerprint could reveal more objective conclusions for the quality of Euonymus alatu, and might be helpful to improve the quality control ability of herbal medicines.     

高效液相-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱分析黄蜀葵花中黄酮醇类化合物

以中药材黄蜀葵花为分析对象,采用高效液相-电喷雾/四极杆-飞行时间串联质谱,识别中药中黄酮醇类化合物.通过解析紫外光谱和二级质谱,识别了17个黄酮醇糖苷和2个黄酮醇苷元,用对照品对照及分析酸水解液的方法进行了验证;并探讨了黄酮醇类化合物的电喷雾/串联质谱(ESI/MS/MS)的裂解方式;在此分析基础上,研究了HPLC指纹图谱和多指标含量测定方法,方法学考察结果表明符合测定要求;采用金丝桃苷、杨梅素和槲皮素作参照,以折算分子量的方法计算相对含量,扩展中药质量控制多指标化的范畴.     

Study of Tea Digitized Chromatographic Fingerprint Spectra Using Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography

IntroductionTeaisthemostwidelyconsumedbeverageinpeople’slife .Theheightenedpopularityofthisbeveragethroughouttheworldinrecentyearsmaybedueinparttotheevidenceofarelationshipbetweenteaconsumptionandpreventionofcertainformsofhumandisease .Themaincomponentsofteaarepolyphenoliccompounds ,commonlyknownascatechins ,whichrepresentagroupofcom poundsbelongingtotheflavonoidfamily .Thesecom poundsarewidelydistributedinthetealeavesandconsti tuteupto 30 %ofthedryleafweight.1Muchinteresthasbeenfocusedoncat…     

Analysis of Barbiturate Mixtures Using HPLC with Diode Array Detection

Abstract

A study has been conducted on the HPLC analysis of barbiturate mixtures in which coeluting components with similar UV spectra could be distinguished by diode array detection. Mixtures containing phenobarbital and barbital in combination from about 0.25 to 0.00025 mg/mL each were measured using the spectral overlay, absorbance ratio, peak maximum absorbance and purity parameter techniques. The most sensitive of the standard methods available was absorbance ratio plotting in which the presence of 0.0125 mg/mL barbital could be distinguished from phenobarbital at 0.2375 mg/mL.     

PAD在HPLC分析长春胺中的应用

本文报道用光电二极管阵列检测器(PAD)鉴定小蔓和大蔓长春花中的长春胺。并对经典制备方法得到的长春胺样品进行了纯度判断。利用建立的紫外光谱数据库对长春胺中的分解产物进行光谱检索和鉴定。测定了长春胺的稳定性。     

Recognition of Radix Paeoiae Alba Herbs(Fam. Ranunculaceae) with HPLC Fingerprint Spectra

Abstract

The relative-area difference sequence (ΔSr sequence) analytical method is proposed, with which the most similar herbal samples can be determined according to their contents. Together with common and variation peak ratio dual-index sequence analysis, one can identify the most similar sample group in the two-dimensional sequence accurately; therefore, the method can evaluate the quality of herbs.     

五加生化胶囊的高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

应用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法建立五加生化胶囊的指纹图谱.采用ANGLAVenusil XBP-C18色谱柱(250×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-0.1％磷酸溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长为327 nm,五加生化胶囊多数峰达到基线分离.采用2004 A中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统对11批样品的指纹图谱进行峰匹配,确定12个共有峰,11批五加生化胶囊指纹图谱的相似度均在0.90以上.结果表明:五加生化胶囊的HPLC指纹图谱特征性和专属性强,可较系统地用于五加生化胶囊的质量控制.     

基于水溶性浸出物及HPLC指纹图谱评价不同贮存年限半夏的品质

研究不同贮存年限半夏药材的浸出物,建立浸出物的HPLC特征指纹图谱,为半夏药材品质评控提供参考。浸出物测定方法采用药典法;HPLC指纹图谱的色谱条件:采用C_(18)色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以水–甲醇为流动相,梯度洗脱,流量为0.8 m L/min,检测波长为260 nm,柱温为25℃,进样体积为50μL。采用相似度评价及聚类分析技术揭示14批样品的相似性及差异性。14批半夏浸出物有12批合格,2批不合格。建立14批半夏浸出物样品的高效液相指纹图谱,确定了3个共有峰,共有峰保留时间的相对标准偏差小于2%,峰面积的相对标准偏差差异较大。1~#~7~#半夏样品有12个共有峰,共有峰保留时间的相对标准偏差小于1.5%,峰面积的相对标准偏差差异较大。各批次药材化学成分组成及含量均存在一定差异。以半夏浸出物数据与其高效液相色谱指纹图谱数据为基础,将指纹图谱相似度评价与聚类分析结合起来,用浸出物含量及评价软件测评结果对半夏品质进行综合评估,可以更精确地对半夏药材进行质量控制。     

Fingerprint analysis and multi-component determination of Zibu Piyin recipe by HPLC with DAD and Q-TOF/MS method

Zibu Piyin recipe (ZBPYR), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is used for curing dementia caused by diabetes. For quality control of ZBPYR, ?ngerprint analysis and qualitative analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a diode-array detector, and confirmation using HPLC coupled with electrospray ionisation quadrupole time-of-?ight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS) were undertaken. HPLC fingerprint consisting of 34 common peaks was developed among 10 batches of ZBPYR, in which 7 common peaks were identified in comparison with the authentic standards and detected simultaneously. Furthermore, these seven compounds were verified by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS methods. The method can be applied to the quality control of ZBPYR.     

Chromatographic fingerprint analysis and simultaneous determination of eight lignans in Justicia procumbens and its compound preparation by HPLC-DAD

HPLC fingerprints were developed for the quality evaluation of Justicia procumbens and its compound preparation, Jian-er syrup, together with the simultaneous quantification of eight arylnaphthalide lignans (6'-hydroxy justicidin B, 6'-hydroxy justicidin A, 6'-hydroxy justicidin C, justicidin B, chinensinaphthol methyl ether, justicidin C, taiwanin C, and neojusticin A). Samples were separated with a Shiseido Capcell Pak C(18) reversed-phase column (250×4.6 mm id, 5 μm) using acetonitrile and water as the mobile phase. The column temperature was maintained at 35°C and the wavelength of detector was set at 256 nm. For fingerprint analysis, 17 peaks were selected as the characteristic peaks for the evaluation of the similarities among different J. procumbens samples collected in different places. The structures of lignans were confirmed by diagnostic fragments in the positive ESI-MS(n) . The new method was successfully applied for the chromatographic fingerprint analysis and simultaneous determination of eight lignans in its compound preparation, Jian-er syrup. All the results indicated that HPLC fingerprint assay in combination with multi-marker determination afforded a useful method for the quality control of J. procumbens and its compound preparation, Jian-er syrup.     

葛根药材指纹图谱分析方法研究

以安徽产葛根药材为分析对象,选择Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),甲醇-水梯度洗脱,流量为0.9 mL.min-1,检测波长为250 nm,柱温25℃,建立了葛根药材HPLC指纹图谱。结果表明,10批供试品的保留时间在60 min之内,共有18个典型的共有色谱峰。采用HPLC法获得的葛根药材指纹图谱稳定、可靠、重复性好,能较全面地反映葛根药材的内在质量,可用于葛根药材的质量控制。     

HPLC Fingerprint with Multi-components Analysis for Quality Consistency Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine Si-Mo-Tang Oral Liquid Preparation

Si-Mo-Tang(SMT) oral liquid preparation, a traditional Chinese medicine, was prepared from four crude herbal drugs, Fructus Aurantii Submaturus, Radix Aucklandiae, Semen Arecae and Radix Linderae Aggregatae. A combinative method using HPLC fingerprint and quantitative analysis was developed and validated for quality consistency evaluation of SMT. Individual HPLC chromatograms were evaluated against the mean chromatogram generated via a similarity evaluation computer program. Data from chromatographic fingerprints were also processed with principal component analysis(PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA). Additionally, six components (naringin, isonaringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, norisoboldine and potassium sorbate) in SMT were simultaneously determined to interpret the quality consistency. For fingerprint analysis, 20 peaks were selected as the characteristic peaks to evaluate the similarities of 26 SMT collected from different manufacturers. Among the 20 characteristic peaks, 10 peaks were assigned to be naringin, hesperidin, neohesperidin, isonaringin, neoeriocitrin, tangeretin, nobiletin, norisoboldine, 5-(ethoxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde and potassium sorbate, respectively. The results of similarity analysis, PCA and HCA, indicate that the samples from different manufacturers were consistent with each other in composition. The results from the quantitative data show that the contents of six compounds were significantly different in SMT oral liquid preparations from different manufacturers. The combinative method of chromatographic fingerprint with quantitative analysis developed here offered an efficient way for the quality consistency evaluation of the traditional Chinese medicine SMT.