Electrochemical Oxidation of Donepezil and Its Voltammetric Determination at Gold Electrode

The oxidative ability of donepezil, a frequently prescribed drug for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease is reported for the first time at a gold electrode. It was oxidized by cyclic voltammetry and determined by square wave voltammetry in phosphate buffer electrolyte. Electrochemical degradation of donepezil was carried out by long term potential cycling. The identification and characterization of the major product, isolated by preparative high performance liquid chromatography, was performed by high resolution mass spectrometry and 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Donepezil hydroxy derivative was identified as the major electrochemical oxidation product from donepezil.     

溴水氧化氰根光度法测定微量氰化物

在磷酸介质中,氰根被饱和溴水氧化为溴化氰,剩余的溴水用磺基水杨酸除去。溴化氰与碘化钾反应生成单质碘,碘与淀粉显色,从而测定氰化物。其最大吸收波长λｍ ａｘ＝ ５６５ｎｍ ,ＣＮ－ 在０～１５μｇ／２５ｍ Ｌ范围内呈良好线性关系,表观摩尔吸光系数为３．１×１０４Ｌ·ｍ ｏｌ－ １·ｃｍ － １。已用于测定废水中的氰化物。     

抗坏血酸在2-氨基吡啶修饰电极上的电催化氧化及其应用

研究了 2 -氨基吡啶聚合膜修饰玻碳电极的制备及其电化学性质 ,修饰电极对抗坏血酸 ( AA)的氧化有明显的催化作用 ,其氧化电位负移 2 72 m V。在 p H5 .7的B.R.缓冲溶液中 ,以 1 5 0 m V为工作电位 ,AA在修饰电极上的响应电流与 AA的浓度在 4× 1 0 - 6～ 1 0 - 3 mol/ L范围内呈良好的线性关系 ,检出限为 1 .3× 1 0 - 6mol/ L。在此条件下 ,多巴胺 ( DA)对 AA无干扰 ,电极重现性良好 ,可用于实际样品中 AA的测定     

N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸在10-甲基吩噻嗪修饰碳糊电极上的电催化氧化及电分析

N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸;甲基吩噻嗪;碳糊修饰电极;电催化氧化;线性扫描伏安法     

单壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极对L-半胱氨酸的催化氧化及分析应用

单壁碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极对L-半胱氨酸的催化氧化及分析应用;L-半胱氨酸; 单壁碳纳米管; 化学修饰电极; 电催化氧化     

碱性介质中异丙醇在铂电极表面的吸附和电化学氧化

运用电化学循环伏安、原位FTIR反射光谱和石英晶体微天平(EQCM)等方法研究了碱性介质中异丙醇在Pt电极表面吸附和氧化行为. 结果表明：碱性介质中异丙醇电氧化过程不存在自毒化现象. 虽然电化学原位FTIR反射光谱未能检测到CO等毒性物种, 但EQCM结果证明异丙醇或其解离产物吸附于铂电极上. 在实验条件下, 碱性介质中异丙醇在铂电极上氧化的最终产物只有丙酮, 预示着碱性介质中异丙醇通过脱氢步骤氧化成丙酮. EQCM研究还从电极表面质量定量变化的角度提供了异丙醇吸附和电氧化反应机理的新数据.     

Preparation of Mercury-Mmercurous Sulfate Reference Electrode and Its Analytical Application on Determination of Penicillin Antibiotics

Penicillin antibiotics are the most important anti-infective drugs that widely used in clinic. Hence, the analysis and determination of the drugs is of importance in the quality control. There have been a lot of methods related to the determination of the drugs, among which potentiometric titration is the best one because of its simplicity, low cost and easy to realize automatic titration.     

Utilization of a Copper Solid Amalgam Electrode for the Analytical Determination of Atrazine

A copper solid amalgam electrode was prepared and used for the voltammetric determination of atrazine in natural water samples by square wave voltammetry. This electrode is a convenient substitute for the hanging mercury electrode since it is selective, sensitive, reliable and inexpensive and presents low toxicity characteristic. The detection limit of atrazine obtained in pure water (laboratory samples) was shown to be lower than the maximum limit of residue established for natural water by the Brazilian Environmental Agency. The relative standard deviation for 10 different measurements was found to be only 3.98% in solutions containing 8.16×10^?6 mol L^?1 of atrazine. In polluted stream water samples, the recovery measurements were approximately 70.00%, sustaining the applicability of the proposed methodology to the analysis of atrazine in such matrices.     

Enhanced Oxidation of Uric Acid at Thiourea-Modified Gold Electrode in Alkaline Media

Russian Journal of Electrochemistry - The surface of polycrystalline gold (Au (poly)) electrode was ex situ modified with self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of thiourea (TU) with a view of applying the...     

甲氧苄啶在多壁碳纳米管-Nafion修饰电极上的电催化氧化及电分析方法

用循环伏安法(CV),计时库仑法(CC),计时电流法(CA),线性扫描伏安法(LSV)及电流-时间曲线研究了甲氧苄啶(trimethoprim, TMP)在碳纳米管-Nafion修饰电极(MWCNTs-Nafion/GCE)上的电化学行为,电化学动力学性质以及电分析方法.结果表明,TMP在GCE上有一个极弱的氧化峰,而在MWCNTs-Nafion/GCE上出现一个敏锐的氧化峰,表明MWCNTs-Nafion/GCE对TMP电化学氧化具有良好的催化作用.在扫描速度为10～800 mV/s时其氧化峰电流与扫描速度平方根(v1/2)呈良好线性关系,表明TMP在MWCNTs-Nafion/GCE上的伏安行为是受扩散控制的电化学过程.TMP在MWCNTs-Nafion/GCE上氧化峰电流与浓度在5.0×10-6～1.0×10-3 mol/L范围内呈良好线性关系;检出限为6.6×10-7 mol/L;RSD在0.75%～1 69%之间;加标回收率在98.1%～101.1%之间.本方法简便快捷,测定结果令人满意,可用于TMP的电化学定量测定.     

Electrochemical Oxidation of Ibuprofen and Its Voltammetric Determination at a Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrode

The electrochemical oxidation of ibuprofen at a boron‐doped diamond electrode (BDDE) and its voltammetric determination is reported for the first time. A well‐defined oxidation peak was observed at around 1.6 V in 0.1 mol L^?1 H₂SO₄ solution with 10 % (v/v) ethanol at the BDDE surface activated by either cathodic or anodic pretreatments. A differential‐pulse voltammetric method for the determination of ibuprofen in pharmaceutical formulations was optimized with a detection limit of 5 µmol L^?1 and compared with the British Pharmacopeia method.     

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Hydrazine at the Poly(Glutamic Acid) Chemically Modified Electrode and Its Amperometric Determination

ABSTRACT

The electrochemical polymerization of glutamic acid at the glassy carbon electrode was investigated in phosphate buffer solution by cyclic voltammetry. The applied voltage range, pH of electrolyte, cyclic number were explored for optimal polymerization conditions. The resulting film exhibits an electrocatalytic ability to hydrazine, reducing the overpotential by 500mV. The electrocatalytic response of hydrazine is evaluated with regard to pH, scan rate, applied voltage, hydrazine concentration and other variables. The rate constant of the catalytic reaction was 1.2 × 10⁴ M^?1.s^?1. When used as amperometric detector, the modified electrode yields a detection limit of 1 × 10^?8 M hydrazine. The electrode is rather stable even after use for a month and a reproducible response was obtained.     

过氧化物模拟酶催化的苯基荧光酮氧化反应及其分析应用

在ＮＨ４Ｃｌ－ＮＨ４ＯＨ缓冲介质中，氯化血红素（Ｈｅｍｉｎ）有显著的过氧化物模拟酶活性，催化过程化氢氧化苯基荧光酮褪色。本文探讨了反应机理，比较Ｈｅｍｉｎ与天然酶催化性能，考察反应条件和共存物质影响，从而提出测定Ｈｅｍｉｎ和过氧化氢的高灵敏分光光度法，线性范围分别为０￣３．０×１０＾－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和０￣１．２×１０＾５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ；检测限（３σ）分别为１．８×１０＾－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和１．４×１０＾７     

丝网印刷修饰电极测量植物油的氧化诱导时间

制备了还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)、六氟磷酸1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑鎓(BMIMPF_6)和石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)修饰丝网印刷电极(SPME)。对SPME的修饰条件进行了优化,并采用循环伏安法和交流阻抗法对其电化学性能进行了表征。以1.0×10~(-3)mol/L LiCl-乙醇和三氯甲烷的混合液(体积比20∶3)为支持电解质溶液,利用电化学交流阻抗法测量红花籽油、杏仁油、小麦胚芽油和橄榄油的氧化诱导时间。F值和t值检验结果表明,SPME测得的植物油氧化诱导时间与国标法所测结果无系统性误差。该方法较国标法更简便、快速和灵敏。     

Fluoride Determination in Water: An Optimum Buffer System for Use with the Flouride-Selective Electrode

Abstract

The departure from linear response which often occurs at dilute fluoride concentrations of the calibration curve reduces the sensitivity of the electrode. The linear portion of the standard curve may be extended to lower fluoride levels by dilution of the buffer itself. TISAB III M. tri-Ammonium citrate (TAC) is the superior of the eleven buffer systems examined in terms of masking ability. Of the potentially interfering species studied, only Al and Mg pose interference problems.     

蛋白质电化学检测的新体系研究及应用

在pH 3.5B-R缓冲溶液中以溴百里香酚蓝为电化学探针建立了蛋白质测定新体系.溴百里香酚蓝在-0.458 V(vs.SCE)有一个灵敏的极谱伏安还原峰,加入人血清白蛋白(HAS)后,其峰电位不变而峰电流下降.峰电流的下降值同HAS质量浓度在1.0～40.0 mg·L-1范围内呈线性关系,其回归方程为△I"p=133.52 C-3.72,r=0.999,定量下限为1.0 mg·L-1.由试验结果求得蛋白质与溴百里香酚蓝相互作用的结合比为1:4,结合常数βs=1.43×10 19.应用于实际人血清样品的测定,结果与经典的考马斯亮蓝G-250光度法一致.此方法还可应用于牛血清白蛋白、牛血红蛋白、卵清白蛋白等的测定.     

皂土修饰碳糊电极的电化学发光特性研究及其分析应用

基于皂土修饰碳糊电极对鲁米诺背景电化学发光信号的降低作用和对异烟肼的富集分离作用,建立了一种灵敏度高、选择性好的测定异烟肼的电化学发光新方法.在最佳的实验条件下,相对电化学发光强度与异烟肼的浓度在5.0×10^-9～8.0×10^-7mol/L范围内呈线性关系,方法的检出限为1.8×10^-9mol/L,相关系数为0.9984.     

生姜组织膜L—抗坏血酸传感器的制备及药片测定中应用

用生姜组织同氧电极配合,制成植物组织膜L-抗坏血酸传感器。在4.0×10~(5-)～1.1×10~(-3)mol/L浓度范围内,响应信号与L-抗坏血酸呈线性关系。电极寿命至少30天。用于药片中L-抗坏血酸含量测定。结果与药典法和极谱法相符。     

Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Hydroquinone and Pyrocatechol at an Electrode Modified with a Polyvinyl Pyridine Film with Electrodeposited Rhodium and Its Use in the Analysis of Pharmaceuticals

The electrochemical properties of a glassy-carbon electrode modified with a polyvinyl pyridine film with electrodeposited rhodium were studied. It was found that the electrodeposited rhodium particles exhibit electrocatalytic activity in the oxidation of hydroquinone and pyrocatechol. The catalytic effect manifested itself as a multiple increase in the saturation current of an organic compound. The modified electrode was used for determining adrenalin, noradrenaline, and dopamine bearing a pyrocatechol fragment in their structure in pharmaceuticals.     

Electrochemical Oxidation of Berberine and of Its Oxidation Products at a Glassy Carbon Electrode

The electrochemical behavior of berberine, an isoquinoline plant alkaloid with a wide spectrum of physiological effects, was studied at a glassy carbon electrode using cyclic, differential pulse and square‐wave voltammetry. The oxidation of berberine is a quasireversible, diffusion‐controlled process and occurred in a cascade mechanism with the formation of several oxidation products. The diffusion coefficient of berberine was calculated from cyclic voltammetry studies to be D=1.69×10^?6 cm² s^?1. The oxidation process of berberine is also pH dependent and the number of electrons and protons transferred was determined using differential pulse voltammetry. The formation of several oxidation products that adsorbed at the glassy carbon electrode surface was observed and their electrochemical behavior characterized. A mechanism for the oxidation of berberine at a glassy carbon electrode was proposed.