氯甲辛三元混合制剂中甲基对硫磷和辛硫磷的分析方法研究

介绍了用高效液相色谱一反相色谱法同时测定氯氰菊酯、甲基对硫磷和辛硫磷三元混合制剂中的甲基对硫磷和辛硫磷。采用C8反相柱,流动相为V（甲醇）：V（水）＝70：30,紫外检测波长为254nm或280nm。并与TLC－GC法测定混合制剂中的甲基对硫磷和TLC-溴化法测定混合制剂中的辛硫磷进行了比较。     

辛硫磷和氯氰菊酯的大口径毛细管气相色谱定量分析研究

对辛硫磷和氯氰菊酯的复配农药——２０％辛氯乳油进行了气相色谱定量分析的研究。以甲基对硫磷为内标，使用大口径毛细管柱，采用快速程序升温、高载气流速等手段，解决了辛硫磷高温易分解与氯氰菊酯色谱流出温度高的矛盾。在相同的色谱条件下对二者进行定量分析，变异系数分别为０．６７％和１．０％。方法简便、快速、准确。     

辛硫磷和氯氰菊酯的大口径毛细管气相色谱定量分析研究

 对辛硫磷和氯氰菊酯的复配农药——２０％辛氯乳油进行了气相色谱定量分析的研究。以甲基对硫磷为内标,使用大口径毛细管柱,采用快速程序升温、高载气流速等手段,解决了辛硫磷高温易分解与氯氰菊酯色谱流出温度高的矛盾。在相同的色谱条件下对二者进行定量分析,变异系数分别为０．６７％和１．０％。方法简便、快速、准确。     

近红外光谱法同时定量测定复配乳油农药中的三种活性成分

本文采集了40个复配乳油农药的近红外光谱,用偏最小二乘回归建立并优化了辛硫磷、高效氯氰菊酯和灭多威三种活性成分的定量分析模型。最优模型结果如下:辛硫磷模型的R2、RMSEC和RMSECV分别为99.53%、0.20和0.26;高效氯氰菊酯模型的R2、RMSEC和RMSECV分别为99.83%、0.06和0.07;灭多威模型的R2、RMSEC和RMSECV分别为99.76%、0.03和0.04。对三种成分进行了外部检验,辛硫磷、高效氯氰菊酯和灭多威的外部预测误差均方根(RMSEP)分别为0.31、0.12和0.08。结果表明,近红外光谱法可以用于复配乳油农药的活性成分含量的定量分析和质量控制,预测精度可以满足实际生产需要。     

超声波-二氧化钛光催化耦合法降解高效氯氰菊酯

采用超声波-TiO2光催化耦合法降解高效氯氰菊酯,考察了高效氯氰菊酯初始浓度、降解时间、溶液pH、催化剂用量等对高效氯氰菊酯农药残留的降解效果,并利用水果进行了实物模拟.结果表明:利用超声波-TiO2光催化耦合法能够有效地降解高效氯氰菊酯农药残留.在弱酸环境中,当纳米TiO2投放量为1.2g/L时,经2h超声催化降解,不同浓度的高效氯氰菊酯农药稀释液均被有效降解,降解率最高可达98.3%.     

三氟氯氰菊酯分子印迹固相萃取膜的制备及其在食品检测中的应用

以三氟氯氰菊酯为模板分子、二甲基丙烯酸乙二醇酯为交联剂、乙腈为致孔剂,采用原位聚合技术制备分子印迹固相萃取膜,并对其性能和应用进行研究。采用紫外光谱法研究了功能单体的选择和其与三氟氯氰菊酯的最佳浓度比;使用三氟氯氰菊酯分子印迹膜对样品中拟除虫菊酯类农药残留进行富集和净化,并采用高效液相色谱法检测。结果表明,该分子印迹固相萃取膜对样品中拟除虫菊酯类农药有很强的特异性吸附作用,富集和净化效果好;三氟氯氰菊酯和联苯菊酯的检出限为0. 01μg/m L,胺菊酯、高效氯氰菊酯、四氟甲醚菊酯和氰戊菊酯的检出限为0. 05μg/m L,样品加标平均回收率为83. 4%~95. 9%,相对标准偏差为1. 45%~3. 76%(n=5)。该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,结果准确可靠。     

SPE-RP-HPLC法测定羊肉组织中胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯残留量

建立了羊肉组织中胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯的固相萃取-反相高效液相色谱测定法。采用氟罗里硅土固相萃取柱(1000 mg/6 mL)进行固相萃取。以Shim-pack VP-ODS(200 mm×4.6 mm)柱为分析柱,流动相为甲醇:水=95:5(V/V),流速为0.7 mL/min。胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯分别在0.01～6.40μg/mL(r=0.9999)和0.068～7.20ug/mL(r=0.9998)范围内与峰面积呈良好线性关系,检出限分别为0.001μg/mL和0.002μg/mL,胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯的回收率为90.2%～101.4%,相对标准偏差为2.3%～4.0%。该方法可作为羊肉组织中胺菊酯和三氟氯氰菊酯含量监测的控制方法。     

伊环糊精增敏荧光法测定氯氰菊酯的研究

采用荧光光谱法探讨了β-环糊精（pCD）与农药氯氰菊酯间的超分子相互作用。研究结果表明，β-环糊精与氯氰菊酯可形成1：1的超分子包合物，其包合常数为37L／mol。包合物在λex／λem=328／368nm处发射强荧光，据此建立了测定氯氰菊酯的荧光分析方法。本法荧光强度与氯氰菊酯浓度在0．04～0．2μg／mL范围内，呈良好的线性关系，相关系数r=0．9996，检出限为0．024μg／mL。该体系的抗干扰能力及稳定性好。对实际样品进行了分析，结果满意。     

硅胶管采样—液相色谱法测定空气中的氯氰菊酯

本文报道空气中氯氰菊酯的高效液相色谱测定方法，空气样品用硅胶管采样，经甲醇洗脱后用ＨｙｐｏｒｓｉｌＯＤＳ柱分离，紫外检测器检测，在本法的测定条件下，最低检测浓度为０．０４ｍｇ／ｍ＾３，当氯氰菊酯浓度范围为０～２５．０ｍｇ／Ｌ时，呈线性响应关系，相对标准偏差为２．４％～８．４％，本法的解吸效率为９６．８％～１００．３％，采样效率为１００％，氯氰菊酯在硅胶管中可稳定７ｄ。     

反式氯氰菊酯对映异构体的分离

反式氯氰菊酯对映异构体的分离;拆分;手性固定相     

Determination of phoxim residues in eggs by using high-performance liquid chromatography diode array detection after treatment of stocked housing facilities for the poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae)

The poultry red mite Dermanyssus gallinae is the most important ectoparasite of poultry in several European countries. Phoxim is a well-known antiparasitic agent in wide use. Initial studies indicated that this compound could successfully be applied to eliminate D. gallinae in egg-laying birds and in henhouses by treating the cages and the equipment with it. In order to investigate whether phoxim residues are present in eggs from laying hens, we developed a selective and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatography method employing a simple water/acetonitrile gradient system. The amount of phoxim was determined by UV detection at 281 nm, and the presence of the residue was confirmed by diode array detection. The eggs were homogenized for sample pretreatment and extracted with acetonitrile and partitioned with n-hexane. The acetonitrile extract was further purified with silica gel column chromatography. Recovery rates (performed at the 5-120 microg kg(-1) level) were in the range of 86.0-92.1% with relative standard deviations between 3.1% and 16.3%. Based on a signal to noise ratio of 3, the limit of detection of the assay was approximately 2 microg kg(-1). The day-to-day variation in the concentration of phoxim in four contaminated eggs (5.7-51.6 microg kg(-1)) was generally less than 20%. The decision limit (CCalpha) and the detection capability (CCbeta) were 62.0 and 68.7 microg kg(-1), respectively. The applicability of the method was demonstrated in eggs from three clinical trials and from a field study. In these investigations, all animals were kept in conventional battery cages. No sample was found containing more than the maximum residue level of 60 microg kg(-1) for phoxim in eggs as given in Annex I of Council Regulation (EEC) No. 2377/90.     

SINGLE AND BINARY ADSORPTION PERFORMANCE OF SALICYLIC ACID AND 5-SULFOSALICYLIC ACID ONTO HYPERCROSSLINKED POLYMERIC ADSORBENTS

Single and binary adsorption behaviors of salicylic acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid onto hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents, i.e. NDA-101 and NDA-99 were investigated. The Freundlich model can successfully describe all the adsorption isotherms tested, which indicates a favorable and exothermic adsorption process. The adsorption of salicylic acid relies on π-π interaction, while the electrostatic interaction further influences the adsorption of 5-sulfosalicylic acid onto NDA-99. The adsorptive capacity of salicylic acid on NDA-99 decreases but increases on NDA-101 with 5-sulfosalicylic acid as the background component in a binary solute system. The amount of 5-sulfosalicylic acid adsorbed was decreased with the increase in initial concentration of salicylic acid on both adsorbents. The competition for the adsorption sites is considered to be predominant in the solid-to-liquid interaction process. The adsorption selectivity of salicylic acid onto NDA-101 is higher than onto NDA-99 by more than an order of magnitude. Thus, combination technique involving NDA-101 followed by NDA-99 can be effectively applied to separate and recover salicylic acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid from wastewater.     

Sulpholane as a solvent for titration of barbiturates and sulpha drugs

Sulpholane (tetramethylenesulphone) has been used as the medium for non-aqueous potentiometric titration of barbiturates and sulpha drugs with tetrabutylammonium hydroxide. Recoveries for 0.1-0.3 mmole of barbituric acid, phenobarbital, amobarbital, barbital, secobarbital, sulphapyridine, sulphadiazine and sulphamerazine were generally in the range 99-101%. A glass-calomel electrode system was used: common acid-base indicators give no colour change in the medium used.     

成都市东郊土壤中重金属元素垂直分布研究

采用王水消解样品,利用原子吸收分光光度法,对重金属元素(Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd)在成都市东郊土壤中的垂直分布进行了研究。该法对Cu的回收率为98%~104%,精密度为2.75%;Pb的回收率为95~97%,精密度为3.11%;Zn的回收率为99%~101%,精密度为2.31%;Cd的回收率为97%~102%,精密度为3.32%,测定方法简单、准确。     

固相萃取法与基质固相分散法在橙子中有机磷农药残留分析中的应用

建立了固相萃取(SPE)-反相高效液相色谱(RP-HPLC)同时测定橙子中痕量辛硫磷、二嗪农有机磷农药残留量的方法。样品经甲醇超声提取、C18固相萃取柱净化后,采用液相色谱柱分离,以乙腈-水(体积比为85∶15)为流动相等度洗脱,于254 nm下紫外检测。结果表明:在0.1～10.0 mg/L和0.4～10.0 mg/L范围内,辛硫磷、二嗪农的质量浓度与峰面积呈良好的线性关系;样品的加标平均回收率为87.3%～102.7%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.9%～4.9%。将该分析结果与用基质固相分散法(MSPD)处理样品所得的结果相比较,发现SPE对二嗪农的提取效果较好,而MSPD对辛硫磷的提取效果较好,但两种方法都能较好地净化样品,均能满足残留量的分析要求。     

Method of analysis of a selected group of pyrethroids in soil samples using off-line flow-through extraction and on-column direct large-volume injection in reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography

An analytical method using flow-through extraction of a soil sample filled in a short HPLC column with methanol or methanol-water mixtures and large-volume injection in RP-HPLC has been developed for the simultaneous determination of residues of three pyrethroids--kadethrin, cypermethrin, and permethrin--from soil samples. The developed RP-HPLC method enables separation of four diastereoisomers of cypermethrin into three peaks and resolution of two diastereoisomers of permethrin. The UV photometric detection limits of direct on-column large-volume injection of 1.00 mL of extract were 30 ng/mL of kadethrin, 37 ng/mL of total content of cypermethrin, and 65 ng/mL of trans-permethrin, which corresponds to a pyrethroid soil content of around 0.3 mg/kg. Effects of extractant flow rate and optimal extractant volume on the percentage recovery of pyrethroids from Slovak soil samples were studied. Recovery studies were performed at 0.5- 5.0 microg/g fortification level of kadethrin and 1.0-2.5 microg/g fortification level of cypermethrin and permethrin in a soil sample. Recoveries ranged from 83 to 90% for kadethrin, from 87 to 94% for total cypermethrin, and from 85 to 98% for trans-permethrin. This work comprises a basic study aimed at elaboration of an RP-HPLC method of direct analysis of pyrethroids in a soil matrix at low concentration levels achieved by a "solid sample injection" in HPLC--on-line interfacing of analyte extraction, extract clean-up, and analysis.     

两种吸附树脂对4B酸吸附行为的比较研究

研究了新型复合功能吸附树脂NDA-99和超高交联大孔吸附树脂JX-101对水溶液中4B酸(对甲苯胺-2-磺酸)的静态吸附行为和热力学特性，结果表明，NDA-99树脂对4B酸的吸附量明显大于JX-101树脂，两种树脂对4B酸的吸附均符合Freundlich吸附等温方程．其中，JX-101对4B酸的吸附属于物理吸附：NDA-99由于树脂表面存在弱碱性官能团，对4B酸的吸附表现为物理吸附和化学络合协同作用。     

水基多组分体系中新戊二醇的定量分析

新戊二醇(NPG)分子结构中含有两个对称的伯羟基易于快速参与酯化、缩合和氧化等多种化学反应.而β位置上没有氢原子的特定新戊基结构使其具有很高的化学稳定性和热稳定性,也使其衍生物具有优异性能.新戊二醇主要用于生产饱和聚酯树脂,其衍生物广泛用于涂料、汽车、纺织、制药等领域.