Spectroscopy and decay properties of charmonium

The mass spectra of charmonium are investigated using a Coulomb plus linear(Cornell)potential.Gaussian wave functions in position space as well as in momentum space are employed to calculate the expectation values of potential and kinetic energy respectively.Various experimental states(X(4660)(5~3S_1),X(3872)(2~3P_1),X(3900)(2~1P_1),X(3915)(2~3P_0)and X(4274)(3~3P_1)etc.)are assigned as charmonium states.We also study the Regge trajectories,pseudoscalar and vector decay constants,electric and magnetic dipole transition rates,and annihilation decay widths for charmonium states.     

Exotic vector charmonium and its leptonic decay width

We propose a novel type of interpolating field operator,which manifests the hybrid-like configuration that the charm quark-antiquark pair recoils against gluonic degrees of freedom.A heavy vector charmonium-like state with a mass of 4.33(2) GeV is disentangled from the conventional charmonium states in the quenched approximation.This state has affinity for the hybrid-like operators but couples less to the relevant quark bilinear operator.We also try to extract its leptonic decay constant and give a tentative upper limit that it is less than one tenth of that of J/ψ,which corresponds to a leptonic decay width about dozens of eV.The connection of this state with X(4260) is also discussed.     

On the decay of θ mesons in charmonium models

We derive a new formula for the decay rate of the ψ mesons by properly treating the dependence of lowest order electromagnetic annihilation on the quark-antiquark bound state wave function. Results are presented for currently used non-relativistic potentials models for charmonium. In all cases substantial corrections to previous estimates from commonly used formulas occur. Our results are of relevance also for hadronic decay via gluons in QCD and weak decay of pseudoscalar mesons.     

A method for computing higher gluonic power corrections to QCD charmonium sum rules

We propose a new method of calculating gluonic power corrections in QCD based on the Schwinger gauge x_μA^μ(x) = 0. Results of the calculation of the O(m_c⁻⁶)-correction to the QCD charmonium sum rules are presented and discussed.     

A quantum-relativistic puzzle of the meso-atom decay mode

Dilatation of life-time of a composite particle whose instability is only due to instability of its constituent exhibits an ambiguity of its decay mode which follows from two geometrically different pictures of microstructures. Some measurable characteristics are put forward that should decide which of them is accepted by experiment.     

Color octet contribution in exclusive P-wave charmonium decay into octet and decuplet baryons

In the last years, the need for the color octet state in inclusive P-wave charmonium decay has been firmly established. However, the implications of this in the corresponding exclusive reactions have not been fully recognized. We argue for the necessity of the color octet in P- and higher-wave quarkonium decay. Using a set of phenomenologically constructed baryon wave functions, we consider the decay into an octet and decuplet baryon–antibaryon pair. By doing so, we subject the wave functions to a test of applicability. We show that the color singlet component alone is insufficient to account for the experimental measurements, and only by including the color octet contribution can the partial theoretical decay widths be brought into the range of the data. By the present and earlier applications of the set of wave functions, these show themselves to be reasonable model wave functions at around the scale –20 GeV. Received: 1 March 1999 / Published online: 18 May 2000     

A formula for charmonium suppression

In this work a formula for charmonium suppression obtained by Matsui in 1989 is analytically generalized for the case of complex $c\bar c$ potential described by a 3-dimensional and isotropic time-dependent harmonic oscillator (THO). It is suggested that under certain scheme the formula can be applied to describe J/?? suppression in heavy-ion collisions at CERN-SPS, RHIC, and LHC with the advantage of analytical tractability.     

Exclusive processes of charmonium production and charmonium wave functions

Results obtained by studying the properties of the leading-twist wave functions for the S- and P-wave states of charmonia are presented. Wave-function models that can be used to calculate various processes involving the production of these mesons were constructed on the basis of these investigations. Calculations for some exclusive processes of charmonium production were performed within the models in question.     

A relativistic correction to semiclassical charmonium

It is shown that the relativistic linear potentials, introduced by the author within the particle à la Wheeler-Feynman direct-interaction (AAD) theory, applied to the semiclassically quantized charmonium, yield energy spectrum comparable to that of some known models. Using the expansion of the relativistic linear AAD potentials in powers ofc ^–1, the charmonium spectrum, given as a rule by Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization of circular orbits, is extended up to the second order of relativistic corrections.     

A fit of upsilon and charmonium spectra

We show that upsilon and charmonium spectra can be fitted by a common potential of the form A+Br^α, with α close to 0.1. In particular the mass difference of γ? and γ is reproduced within 10 MeV. In this way it is confirmed that for the bb? and cc? systems the relevant partof the potential is flavour-independent and approximately though not exactly logarithmic. At the same time the claims, according to which the short-distance part of the potential could be shown to agree with the predictions of QCD by a comparison of charmonium and upsilon spectra, are put in serious doubt.     

A model for the three lepton decay mode of the proton

An extension of the left-right symmetric model has been constructed which gives in a natural way the three lepton decay modes of the proton which have been suggested as an explanation for the atmospheric neutrino anomaly. We write down the potential which after minimization gives the proper choice of the Higgs spectrum. With this Higgs spectrum we then study the evolution of the gauge coupling constants and point out that for consistency one has to include effects of gravity.     

Photoproduction of charmonium

Photoproduction of ortho and para charm-anticharm bound states is considered in the framework of the Cheng-Wu picture. Non-Abelian gauge gluons mediate the interaction between the c$\text{c}$-pair and the nucleon. The angular distributions of ψ_c and η_c are determined. The influence of multigluon exchanges and quark mass variation is studied.     

Exotic decay: Transition from cluster mode to fission mode

Exotic decay of some heavy nuclei with Z≥100 formed in heavy ion ‘cold fusion’ reaction were studied taking interacting barrier consisting of Coulomb and proximity potential. Calculated half-life time shows that some modes of decay are well within the present upper limit for measurements (T _1/2<10³⁰ s). Cluster formation probabilities are calculated for different clusters within fission model. It is found that transition from cluster mode to fission mode take place at mass of the cluster, A ₂=20 in exotic decay which is comparable with the value A ₂=16 of Shanmugam et al based on cubic plus Yukawa plus exponential model (CYEM).     

The decay width of higher multipole giant resonances

The decay width of higher multipole giant resonances is described within the framework of the newly developed Fourier-Bessel random-phase approximation. We calculate the distribution of the isoscalar and isovector multipole strength for electric resonances up to $\text{J}{}^{\mathrm{\pi }}\text{= 7}{}^{\mathrm{?}}$. In our model we find no concentrated multipole strength beyond the hexadecapole.