北京正负电子对撞机上QCD的精确检验

广义的Crewther关系式可以把正负电子湮没过程中强子产生的分支比R=σ(e⁺e^－→强子)/σ(e⁺e^－→μ⁺μ^－),同轻子核子深度非弹性散射中的Bjorken求和规则和Gross-UewellynSmith求和规则联系起来,提供一个没有标度和重整化方案任意性的有关量子色动力学(QCD)物理量的基本关系式.强子产生分支比R可以在升级后的北京正负电子对撞机或τ–粲工厂上进行精确的测量,从而提供对QCD的精确检验.     

Collider physics at HERA

From 1992 to 2007, HERA, the first electron-proton collider, operated at cms energies of about 320 GeV and allowed the investigation of deep-inelastic and photoproduction processes at the highest energy scales accessed thus far. This review is an introduction to, and a summary of, the main results obtained at HERA during its operation.     

Dijet physics with CMS detector at the Large Hadron Collider

The results from various dijet distributions in proton?Cproton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, with 2010 and 2011 data from the CMS experiment, are presented. The measurements of the dijet mass spectra, centrality ratio, azimuthal decorrelation and angular distribution are shown. Sensitivity of the phenomenological parameters used to model different event generators is also investigated. Prospects for observing evidence for new physics in these distributions are presented.     

Study on Background Radiation at Beijing Electron Positron Collider and Radiation Damage of High-Z Scintillation Crystals

A systematic study of radiation backgrounds in the interaction region at the Beijing e⁺e^－ Collider BEPC is carried out for the first time to the needs of particle physics experiment.An effective method to study dynamically the radiation environment of the collider is successfully developed which allows the measurement of the instantaneous radiation dose rate and is distribution for different beam conditions and as a function of time during a quiet luminosity run.The radiation sensitivity of domestic BGO and BaF₂ crystals in the BEPC environment is examined.     

Collider physics at high energies and low luminosities

While very high acceleration gradients are expected in novel accelerating schemes such as those discussed by IZEST, generating high luminosities will be extremely challenging and will likely require a separate technology revolution. It is important to determine if a low-luminosity but high energy collider would have serious interest from a particle physics perspective. We consider a process involving physics beyond the Standard Model that would be detectable at high energies without requiring the types of luminosities normally quoted for future colliders, “classicalization”. In this example, scattering cross sections grow with a power of the center-of-mass energy, thereby reducing the luminosity requirement at high energies. Another process discussed is deep-inelastic-scattering of electrons on protons, where a precision measurement of the energy dependence of the scattering cross section could yield information about physics processes at much higher scales.     

Search for new physics at Large Hadron Collider

We review the search for new physics to be done at Large Hadron Collider,—search for Higgs boson, supersymmetry, and exotic.     

Collider signals of unparticle physics

Phenomenology of the notion of an unparticle U, recently perceived by Georgi, to describe a scale invariant sector with a nontrivial infrared fixed point at a higher energy scale is explored in details. Behaving like a collection of d(U) (the scale dimension of the unparticle operator O(U)) invisible massless particles, this unparticle can be unveiled by measurements of various energy distributions for the processes Z-->f f U and e- e+-->gammaU at e- e+ colliders, as well as monojet production at hadron colliders. We also study the propagator effects of the unparticle through the Drell-Yan tree-level process and the one-loop muon anomaly.     

Nuclear physics with a medium-energy Electron-Ion Collider

Level structures of ¹¹³In have been studied through the fusion-evaporation reaction ¹¹⁰Pd (⁷Li ,4n ¹¹³In at a beam energy of 50MeV. More than 40 new $ \gamma$ transitions have been observed in ¹¹³In . Two new dipole bands are established and one of them is proposed as a magnetic rotation band with the configuration of $\ensuremath \pi g_{9/2}^{-1}\otimes\nu h_{11/2}^{2} g_{7/2}^{2}$ . Self-consistent tilted axis cranking relativistic mean field calculations have been performed to interpret the rotational structure. Several decay paths of the $\ensuremath \pi h_{11/2}$ intruder band have been established, by which the level energies and spins of the $\ensuremath \pi h_{11/2}$ intruder band are determined.     

Bulk matter physics and its future at the Large Hadron Collider

Measurements at low transverse momentum will be performed at the LHC for studying particle production mechanisms in pp and heavy-ion collisions. Some of the experimental capabilities for bulk matter physics are presented, focusing on tracking elements and particle identification. In order to anticipate the study of baryon production for both colliding systems at multi-TeV energies, measurements for identified species and recent model extrapolations are discussed. Several mechanisms are expected to compete for hadro-production in the low momentum region. For this reason, experimental observables that could be used for investigating multi-parton interactions and help understanding the “underlying event” content in the first pp collisions at the LHC are also mentioned.     

Anomaly driven signatures of new invisible physics at the Large Hadron Collider

Many extensions of the Standard Model (SM) predict new neutral vector bosons at energies accessible by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). We study an extension of the SM with new chiral fermions subject to non-trivial anomaly cancellations. If the new fermions have SM charges, but are too heavy to be created at LHC, and the SM fermions are not charged under the extra gauge field, one would expect that this new sector remains completely invisible at LHC. We show, however, that a non-trivial anomaly cancellation between the new heavy fermions may give rise to observable effects in the gauge boson sector that can be seen at the LHC and distinguished from backgrounds.     

Electroweak and CP violation physics at a Linear Collider Z-factory

A future linear collider such as TESLA may be able to run on the Z⁰ resonance with very high luminosity and polarised electron and positron beams. The possibilities of measuring electroweak quantities with high precision are investigated. Huge improvements with respect to the present precision can be expected, especially for the asymmetries A_LR and where beam polarisation can be exploited. The very large sample of events also allows studies of various CP-violating b decays. The precision achievable on the CKM unitarity triangle angles is comparable to experiments at b factories and future hadron colliders.     

Top-quark pairs at high invariant mass: a model-independent discriminator of new physics at the Large Hadron Collider

We study top-quark pair production to probe new physics at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. We propose reconstruction methods for tt[over] semileptonic events and use them to reconstruct the tt[over] invariant mass. The angular distribution of top quarks in their c.m. frame can determine the spin and production subprocess for each new physics resonance. Forward-backward asymmetry and CP-odd variables can be constructed to further delineate the nature of new physics. We parametrize the new resonances with a few generic parameters and show high invariant mass top pair production may provide an early indicator for new physics beyond the standard model.     

Associated $$phi $$ and $$J/Psi $$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral PbPb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider and Future Circular Collider

The European Physical Journal A - We give an overview of the special challenges regarding target development and production for accelerator-based heavy and superheavy-nuclei experiments in the past...     

中国极化电子离子对撞机探测器设计

核子是构成宇宙可见物质的最主要成分,也是研究强相互作用的最佳实验室。对核子内部结构的研究是当前理论和实验研究的重要前沿。在核子内部结构的实验研究中,电子- 离子对撞机(Electron Ion Collider, EIC)是最理想的装置,能提供核子内部最清晰的图像,是人类认识物质世界深层次结构,特别是核子与原子核结构最理想的工具。中国极化电子离子对撞机EicC项目,设想在已开建的HIAF 高能离子束的基础上进行升级:将离子束流升级成15~20 GeV 的极化束流,建设3~5 GeV 高能极化电子束流,实现质心系能量为10~20 GeV双极化电子- 离子对撞,在海夸克能区对核子内部结构进行精细测量,并对质子质量、奇特强子态等诸多重要物理课题展开研究。在本文中,我们开发了EicC 快模拟软件,对探测器性能进行参数化模拟;通过物理模拟汇集EicC探测需求,利用探测器模拟软件进行优化并提出EicC 探测器谱仪的初步设计方案。该谱仪方案提供了接近全立体角的覆盖范围和大动量范围内的粒子鉴别能力,兼顾EicC项目丰富的物理课题。     

Event reconstruction with MarlinReco at the International Linear Collider

After an overview of the modular analysis and reconstruction framework Marlin an introduction on the functionality of the Marlin-based reconstruction package MarlinReco is given. This package includes a full set of modules for event reconstruction based on the particle flow approach. The status of the software is reviewed and recent results using this software package for event reconstruction are presented.      

Four jet production at the Tevatron Collider

We present predictions for four-jet production at the Tevatron Collider. The standard QCD production of four-jet final states through 2→4-parton processes is compared to the double-parton scattering production.