PHB与PHBV的β晶结构及其与力学和降解性能关系的研究进展

聚(3-羟基丁酸酯)(poly(3-hydroxybutyrate),PHB)和聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-co-3-羟基戊酸酯)(poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate),PHBV)的结晶速率慢,二次结晶现象严重导致其在室温存放过程中性能劣化。通过拉伸诱导形成β晶可以有效抑制二次结晶现象,使机械性能提高并在室温下稳定。本文综述了PHB与PHBV的β晶结构及形成与转化机制的研究现状。重点概述了β晶结构对力学性能的影响及其增韧机制的研究进展,简要概述了β晶结构与降解性能之间的关系,最后对β晶结构研究现状中存在的空白进行了分析。     

聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)和β-羟基丁酸酯-β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物共混改性研究进展

综述了近年来聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)和β-羟基丁酸酯-β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物经共混改性所得到的共混物的相容性、结晶性、热性能、加工性能、力学性能和生物降解性能。     

PHBV纳米纤维的静电纺丝及在生物医用领域的研究进展

聚(3-羟基丁酸酯-3-羟基戊酸酯)(PHBV)纳米纤维具有高比表面积、高孔隙率、生物相容性、生物降解性等优点,可用作生物医用材料.本文综述了基于静电纺丝法制备的PHBV纳米纤维及其在生物医用领域的研究进展,讨论了PHBV纺丝溶液的溶剂、浓度、外加盐类以及聚合物等对PHBV纳米纤维形貌、结构及性能的影响规律,结合目前P...     

生物塑料--聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)的物理改性和化学改性

综述了生物塑料聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)(PHB)近年来在物理改性(共混改性)和化学改性(大分子反应改性和反应性共混改性)方面工作的进展状况。在PHB共混体系中,可解体性共混物和全生物降解性共混物是两类不同的共混体系,后者从长远意义上讲是解决环境污染问题的根本途径,而其现实意义上的用途是在生物医学领域。文章主要对PHB共混体系的相容性、热行为、结晶行为、机械性能和降解性能等方面的规律进行了总结。并指出反应性共混是较佳改善非相容PHB共混体系相容性的方法,而大单体反应改性和反应性共混则是改造PHB,提供新型功能化医用材料的有效手段。这些领域方面的研究代表了PHB改性工作新的发展方向。     

聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)和β-羟基丁酸酯-β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物与可生物降解高分子共混改性研究进展

总结了近年来聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)、β-羟基丁酸酶—β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物与可生物降解高分子共混物的相容性、结晶性、热性能、加工性能、力学性能和生物降解性能。通过共混。聚(β-羟基丁酸酯)与—β-羟基丁酸酶卢羟基戊酸酯共聚物的性能得到显著改善。     

成核剂对PHBV等温结晶行为的影响

用DSC方法测定了氮化硼及滑石粉成核剂对(β-羟基丁酸酯-与-β-羟基戊酸酯) 共聚物(简称PHBV)等温结晶行为的影响. 结果表明,Avrami方程指数n、成核机理、晶体生长方式基本上不受成核剂的影响.少量的成核剂可使结晶成核自由能降低,结晶速率加大,其中氮化硼的效果最为显著.     

成核剂对PHBV等温结晶行为的影响

用DSC方法测定了氮化硼及滑石粉成核剂对 (β 羟基丁酸酯 与 β 羟基戊酸酯 )共聚物 (简称PHBV)等温结晶行为的影响 .结果表明 ,Avrami方程指数n、成核机理、晶体生长方式基本上不受成核剂的影响 .少量的成核剂可使结晶成核自由能降低 ,结晶速率加大 ,其中氮化硼的效果最为显著     

PHBV/HA骨修复材料的研究

利用硝酸钙与磷酸钠的水溶液制备羟基磷灰石(HA)，同时在HA生成过程中与聚羟基丁酸一戊酸酯(PHBV)复合，探索了HA增强PHBV使之适于作为骨修复材料的一种新途径。结果表明，HA的均匀分散增进了复合材料中两相问的相互结合，能明显地提高复合材料的力学性能。     

静电纺丝法制备PHB基纳米纤维材料的研究进展

聚β-羟基丁酸酯(PHB)作为一种天然的可生物降解材料,因其良好的生物相容性,广泛应用于生物医用领域.而静电纺丝技术是获得纳米纤维最理想的方法之一,目前已成功制备出多种不同类型的纳米纤维,尤其在制备复合纳米纤维方面取得了显著成果.本文论述了国内外静电纺PHB基纳米纤维的研究现状和进展,重点介绍了静电纺PHB基纳米纤维影...     

PHBV电纺纤维结构与形态的研究

利用电纺丝法制备了超细聚 β 羟基丁酸戊酸酯 (PHBV)纤维 ,通过扫描显微镜 (SEM)、差热分析(DSC)、宽角X射线衍射和偏振红外吸收光谱对产品进行了结构与形态的表征 .研究了纺丝过程中溶液浓度、电压和接收距离 3个参数对纤维形态的影响 .结果表明 ,溶液浓度是决定性的 ,只有高于一个定值才能获得单一的纤维产品 .与流延成型的PHBV相比 ,电纺丝具有较高的取向度和结晶度 .原因可能是 ,电场力下喷丝震荡过程中带来的拉伸作用从而引起分子链的规整排列     

聚氯乙烯／热塑性弹性体共混增韧的研究进展

聚氯乙烯（PVC）是一种性能优良,价格低廉的通用树脂,但其脆性大、热稳定性差、加工性能不佳等,需要进行改性。通过用热塑性弹性体（TPE）对PVC进行共混增韧改性,可得到高性能的PVC复合材料。共混改性为PVC增韧改性的最简单易行的有效方法。本文概述了聚氯乙烯／热塑性弹性体共混体系的种类和制备方法,同时对影响热塑性弹性体...     

Quantitative FTIR study of PHBV/bisphenol A blends

FTIR spectroscopy was used to verify the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bond (inter-H-bond) between poly(3-hydroxybutyrate co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) and bisphenol A (BPA). By monitoring the spectral changes during PHBV crystallization and blends dissociation, the absorptivity ratio of CO bonds in crystalline and amorphous regions in PHBV and that of H-bonded and free CO in PHBV/BPA blends were experimentally determined as 1.40 and 1.68, respectively. Using curve-fitting program, the CO absorptions in spectra of blends were ascribed to three types of bonds: amorphous, crystalline and H-bonded CO. The crystallinity of PHBV and the fraction of H-bonded CO were calculated. These results indicated that the H-bond clearly suppressed the PHBV crystallization. Furthermore, the fraction of BPA molecules that simultaneously formed two hydrogen bonds (H-bonds) with CO was estimated. It revealed that there existed a H-bond network in PHBV/BPA blends. This network was compared with the covalent network by estimating the number of atoms between every two adjacent crosslink points in chain. Up to the high density of H-bond discussed in this paper, there was always a certain part in PHBV that crystallized due to the dynamic character of hydrogen bonds; however, the hydrogen bonds significantly reduced the crystallization rate of PHBV.     

β-羟基丁酸与β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物/有机化蒙脱土纳米复合材料热性能、结晶性能与生物降解性能的研究

采用溶液插层法制备了β-羟基丁酸与β-羟基戊酸酯共聚物(PHBV)有机化蒙脱土(OMMT)的纳米复合材料．用示差热分析(DSC)，热重分析(TG)和偏光显微镜(POM)研究了材料的热性能和结晶行为．通过土壤悬浊降解培养法研究了材料的生物降解性．结果表明，材料的熔点和熔融焓随OMMT含量的增加而降低．OMMT在纳米复合材料中的均匀分散，使材料形成了小尺寸的结晶，并有效降低了PHBV的结晶度，提高了结晶速率．在土壤悬浊液中该材料的生物降解性随着OMMT含量的增加而降低．     

PHBV/Sol-gel Bioglass多孔材料在模拟生理溶液中的化学反应研究

3-羟基丁酸-co-3-羟基戊酸共聚物(PHBV)/生物活性玻璃(SGBG)是一种用于骨和软骨组织工程支架的新型多孔复合材料,本文探讨了PHBV/SGBG在模拟生理溶液中的一系列化学反应,以及多孔材料在模拟生理溶液中浸泡后的成分和结构变化.研究结果表明,在SBF溶液中浸泡后,SGBG与SBF溶液的离子交换反应和PHBV的降解反应使SBF溶液的离子浓度发生变化,并在PHBV/SGBG表面形成了结晶态类骨碳酸羟基磷灰石.     

Isothermal crystallization of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)

Isothermal crystallization behavior of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) was investigated by means of differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy (POM). The Avrami analysis can be used successfully to describe the isothermal crystallization kinetics of PHBV, which indicates that the Avrami exponent n=3 is good for all the temperatures investigated. The spherulitic growth rate, G, was determined by POM. The result shows that the G has a maximum value at about 353 K. Using the equilibrium melting temperature (448 K) determined by the Flory equation for melting point depression together with U∗=1500 cal mol⁻¹, T_∞=30 K and T_g=278 K, the nucleation parameter K_g was determined, which was found to be 3.14 ± 0.07 × 10⁵ (K²), lower than that for pure PHB. The surface-free energy σ=2.55×10⁻² J m⁻² and σ_e=2.70±0.06×10⁻² J m⁻² were estimated and the work of chain-folding (q=12.5±0.2 kJ mol⁻¹) was derived from σ_e, and found to be lower than that for PHB. This implies that the chains of PHBV are more flexible than that of PHB.     

STUDY ON BIODEGRADABILITY OF POLY（3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE-co-3-HYDROXYVALERATE）／ORGANOPHILIC MONTMORILLONITE NANOCOMPOSITES

Poly (3-lydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)/Organophilic montmorillonite(PHBV/OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared and the biodegradability of the PHBV/OMMT nanocomposites was studied by a cultivation degrading method in soil suspension The relationship between structure and biodegradability of PHBV/OMMT nanocomposites was investigated. The results showed that the biodegradability of PHBV/OMMT nanocomposites decreased with increasing amount of OMMT and it was related to the number of PHBV degrading microorganisms in degradation environment, the anti-microbial property of OMMT and the degree of crystallinity of the nanocomposites.     

Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) by Vibrio alginolyticus Strains Isolated from Salt Fields

Vibrio alginolyticus is a halophilic organism usually found in marine environments. It has attracted attention as an opportunistic pathogen of aquatic animals and humans, but there are very few reports on polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production using V. alginolyticus as the host. In this study, two V. alginolyticus strains, LHF01 and LHF02, isolated from water samples collected from salt fields were found to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) from a variety of sugars and organic acids. Glycerol was the best carbon source and yielded the highest PHB titer in both strains. Further optimization of the NaCl concentration and culture temperature improved the PHB titer from 1.87 to 5.08 g/L in V. alginolyticus LHF01. In addition, the use of propionate as a secondary carbon source resulted in the production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV). V. alginolyticus LHF01 may be a promising host for PHA production using cheap waste glycerol from biodiesel refining.     

苯基次磷酸盐离聚物/聚磷酸铵协效阻燃增韧改性聚乳酸

通过将双端羟基的聚己内酯(PCL)、聚乳酸(PLA)预聚物以及苯基次磷酸离子盐扩链得到一种含苯基次磷酸盐的离子共聚物,将其与聚磷酸铵(APP)复合用于协同改性聚乳酸,离聚物中苯基次磷酸盐结构与APP具有优异的协同阻燃PLA的作用,同时该离聚物中PLA与苯基次磷酸盐结构有效提升了APP在PLA中的分散能力,最后该离聚物中PCL柔性链段有效改善了PLA的韧性,最终得到更高效阻燃性能且韧性也较好改善的PLA/PCLA-PIU/APP复合材料.一方面,离聚物中苯基次磷酸盐结构与APP协同有效促进了PLA的成炭,形成更连续致密的炭层从而阻隔可燃气体的释放,达到更好的阻燃效果.锥形量热、残炭的扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、拉曼光谱等测试证实了这一结果,与纯PLA以及仅使用APP的PLA/APP相比,PLA/PCLA-PIU/APP的热释放速率与总热释放均降低,同时残炭的石墨化程度更高,形成了更为致密的炭层.另一方面,力学性能测试结果表明,离聚物中PCL柔性链段的存在使得与APP复合改性后的PLA的韧性相比纯PLA和PLA/APP有较大的提升;SEM测试表明,离聚物中PLA与苯基次磷酸盐结构起到增容作用,提升了APP在PLA中的分散性.     

聚碳酸亚丙酯对聚(β-羟基丁酸酯-β-羟基戊酸酯)结晶行为的影响

用FTIR和DSC研究了PHBV及其与聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)熔融共混样的熔融结晶行为和等温结晶动力学.结果表明,PHBV与PPC熔融共混过程中发生了酯交换反应,两组分间存在一定的相互作用.PPC虽然能降低PHBV结晶折迭链的表面自由能,但同时也能够降低PHBV的结晶度、球晶径向生长速率、平衡熔点和结晶能力.