共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 109 毫秒
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固相反应制备镍铁铜复合纳米氧化物粉体 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
镍铁铜复合氧化物属于改良的铁氧体材料。由于自然界的铁氧体材料化学成分和加工细度的局限性 ,而制约了铁氧体材料的进一步开发和利用。纳米材料特殊的超细特性导致了同种成分物质产生出异常性质[1 ] 而被科技界高度重视。因此研究制备不同类型的纳米铁氧体材料是当前铁氧体材料研究的热点。而采用什么方法 ,简单方便地制备出纳米铁氧体材料是研究问题的核心。目前所用的方法有物理法和化学法两大类 ,前者制备难度大、能耗和成本高 ,而且结果难以满意。后者利用化学反应 ,使制备过程容易、省时、节约。目前采用较多的方法有共沉淀法、溶胶… 相似文献
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室温固相反应制备Keggin结构杂多酸铵盐纳米粒子 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:18
纳米材料由于其量子尺寸效应及表面效应而在磁、光、电等方面显示出许多常规粒子所不具有的特性[1] .纳米材料成功应用的实例及潜在应用前景推动了各种纳米粉末的合成及合成方法的发展 [2~ 4 ] .利用低温固相反应制备纳米粒子尚不多见 ,但已有报道 [5,6] .多金属氧酸盐因其独特的结构而具有较高的催化活性、导电性、磁性、光电致变色性以及抗病毒活性 ,因而有着广阔的应用前景 ,这些方面的研究已越来越引起人们的兴趣 [7~ 10 ] .本文采用室温固相反应首次制备了多金属氧酸盐纳米粒子 (NH4 ) 3PMo12 O4 0 · 9H2 O(1 )和 (NH4 ) 3PW12… 相似文献
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Nanocrystalline zinc phosphate tetrahydrate was synthesized by solid-state reaction at ambient temperature using Na3PO4·12H2O and ZnSO4·7H2O as regents. The enthalpy of reaction and the standard enthalpy of formation of zinc phosphate tetrahydrate were studied by microcalorimeter. According to Hess s law, a new thermochemical cycle was designed. The dissolution enthalpies of reactant (△H1) and product (△H2) were performed by a RD496 microcalorimeter at 298.15 K using aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (4mol/L) as a calorimetric solvent. Ultraviolet spectrum, conductivity and refractive index were measured respectively. The results show as follows: △H1=(-47.180±0.084) kJ/mol, △H2=(-7.617±0.096 )kJ/mol. The ultraviolet spectra of the above solution are the same. Conductivity values after 500 times diluted are 2180 and 2181μs/cm respectively. Refractive indexes are 1.3679 and 1.3678 respectively. The standard enthalpy value of the reaction was calculated: △rHm=-39.530 kJ/mol. The standard enthalpy of formation for zinc phosphate tetrahydrate are recommended -4354.004 kJ/mol. 相似文献
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纳米复合锆基固体超强酸的制备及其催化酯化反应 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用改性技术和浸渍—沉淀法制备出纳米固体超强酸催化剂S2O82-/ZrO2-Al2O3。通过正交试验获得催化剂制备的最佳条件,即ω(Al2O3)为2.0%,-15℃陈化24h,浸渍液(NH4)2S2O8浓度为0.8mol/L,焙烧温度为650℃,焙烧时间为3h。用XRD、TEM、BET、TG-DTG和化学分析等手段分析了S2O82-/ZrO2-Al2O3的晶化过程、比表面积、含硫量和热稳定性,分析结果表明这四个方面对催化剂的酸性有较大影响。500~650℃焙烧温度下制备的催化剂属纳米材料(<41nm),有较大比表面积和较好的热稳定性。以优化的催化剂S2O82-/ZrO2-Al2O3用于催化合成丁酸异丁酯的最佳条件为:n(异丁醇):n(丁酸)=1.8:1.0,催化剂用量为1.0g(以0.3mol丁酸为准),脱水剂环己烷用量为10mL,反应时间为3.0h,催化剂重复使用8次后酯化率仍在90%以上,该催化剂具有催化活性高、不污染环境、可重复使用等特点。 相似文献
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目前商品化的锂离子电池大都采用LiCoO2作为正极材料[1],工业上锂钴氧化物(LiCoO2)多采用高温固相合成法生产,烧结时间长达24-48h,制得的粉末粒度大分布范围广,形貌不规整[2]。溶胶 凝胶法前驱体的制备比较麻烦[3]。我们用固相配位化学反应法合成锂钴氧化物Li CoO2,操作简便兼具反应温度低、反应时间短、粒度分布均匀的优点[4,5]。本文采用氢氧化锂、乙酸钴和柠檬酸为原料,通过低热固相反应合成了Li+与Co2+达到分子级混合水平的前驱体、在400-800℃焙烧得LiCoO2产品,通过热重/差热、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和粒… 相似文献
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化学反应过渡态决定了包括反应速率和微观反应动力学在内的化学反应的基本特性,而无论是从理论还是实验上研究和观测化学反应过渡态都是极具挑战性的课题.近年来,我国科学家们利用交叉分子束-里德堡氢原子飞行时间谱仪,结合高精度的量子动力学计算,对H+H2和F+H2这两个教科书式的典型反应体系进行了全量子态分辨的反应动力学研究,从中得出了关于这两个反应体系的过渡态的结构和动力学性质的结论性的研究成果. 相似文献
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V. D. Kiselev G. G. Iskhakova E. A. Kashaeva L. N. Potapova A. I. Konovalov 《Russian Chemical Bulletin》2004,53(11):2490-2495
The densities of anthracene, tetracyanoethylene, maleic anhydride, N-phenylmaleineimide, trans, trans-1,4-diphenylbuta-1,3-diene, and their Diels-Alder adducts were measured in the solid state and in solution at 25 °C. The reaction volumes in the solid state were calculated from the difference in molar volumes. They turned out to be low, close to each other (–4 to –11 cm3 mol–1), and slightly different from the reaction volumes (–8±1 cm3 mol–1) calculated from the van der Waals radii. The reaction volumes in solutions (–15 to –32 cm3 mol–1) were found from the difference in partial molar volumes of the reactants in dioxane, acetonitrile, and 1,2-dichloroethane, The experimental Diels-Alder reaction volumes in solution are determined not only by the formation of new bonds in an adduct: a considerably higher contribution (to 75%) is made by a change in the volume of intermolecular empty spaces in solution on going from reactants to adducts.__________Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 11, pp. 2386–2390, November, 2004. 相似文献
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A novel solid state Michael addition reaction of N-heterocyclic compounds containing active C-H bond
LI Xiao-Lu WANG Yong-Mei TIAN Bing MENG Ji-BenDepartment of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin China 《中国化学》1996,14(5):421-427
In this paper,a novel solid state Michael-type addition reaction of N-heterocyclic compounds containing the active-CH group was investigated.3-Methyl-l-phenyl-5-pyrazolone (MPP) and indole (In) reacted with 4-arylmethylene-3-methyl-l-phenyl-5-pyrazolone (1) hi the solid state at room temperature to give the corresponding adducts,aryl-4,4'-bis(5-hydroxy-3-methyl-l-phenyl-pyrazolyl) methane (2a-n) and l-aryl-l-(5'-hydroxy-3'-methyl-1'-phenyl-4'-pyrazolyl)-l-(3"-indolyl) methane (3a-n),respectively.This is a feasible method for preparing the compound which contains two heterocyclic groups on the same carbon. 相似文献