铑钨杂多酸-耐尔蓝缔合体系测定痕量铑

研究了在 1 .44 mol/ L H2 SO4 及聚乙烯醇 ( PVA)存在下 ,铑 ( )与钨酸盐及耐尔蓝 ( NB)形成缔合物的最佳反应条件 ,建立了测定铑 ( )超高灵敏的光度分析新方法。缔合物体系在 580 nm处的吸光度与 Rh( )的浓度在 0 .0～ 2 2 ng/ 2 5m L及2 2～ 40 ng/ 2 5m L范围内服从比耳定律 ,其摩尔吸光系数 (ε)达到了 1 0 7L· mol- 1·cm- 1。检出限为 1 .0 2 7ng/ 2 5m L,大量常见离子对 Rh( )的测定不干扰。建立的方法用于测定催化剂及工业产品中铑的含量 ,结果与标准方法 ( Sn Cl2 方法 )测得值一致     

应用2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺同时测定铑与钯

提出了以 2 - ( 5-硝基 - 2 -吡啶偶氮 ) - 5-二甲氨基苯胺 ( 5- NO2 - PADMA)作为铑、钯同时测定的新光度试剂。钯与试剂可在 0 .3～ 3.9mol/L 的高氨酸介质中形成稳定的配合物 ,其最大吸收位于 62 1 nm处 ;而铑与试剂则在 p H=5.2 5～ 6.75的近中性介质中定量配合 ,配合物一旦形成则很稳定 ,向其中加入强酸酸化该配合物不仅不被分解反而吸收红移、吸光度增大 ,同时二者的吸光度具有良好的加和性。基于二者显色酸度的差异 ,建立了铑、钯同时测定的新方法。方法的灵敏度为 εRh62 0 =1 .39× 1 0 5L·mol-1·cm-1;εPd62 0 =9.4× 1 0 4 L· mol-1·cm-1。铑浓度在 0～ 0 .56、钯浓度在 0～ 1 .4μg·m L-1范围内服从比耳定律。可用于工业样品中微量铑、钯的测定。     

新显色剂2-[2-(5-溴-噻唑)偶氮]-5-二甲氨基苯甲酸与铑的显色反应的研究

本文研究了新显色剂5-Br-TAMB与铑(Ⅱ)的显色反应。在pH5.0～7.0的水溶液中,铑(Ⅱ)与5-Br-TAMB形成1:2型稳定的蓝色配合物,其最大吸收波长为674nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.1×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),铑(Ⅱ)含量在0～12μg/ml范围内服从比耳定律。采用加入适量EDTA的方法消除了Cu~(2+)、Co~(2+)、Ni~(2+)等干扰离子。建立了一个在二元配合物体系中具有高灵敏度及选择性、稳定、简便地吸光光度测定微量铑(Ⅱ)的新方法。     

镉-卟啉-铬黑T混配显色体系的研究

研究了水溶性卟啉试剂四 - ( 4 -磺酸基苯基 )卟啉 (简称 TPPS4 )及铬黑 T( EBT)与镉的混配显色反应。在 p H 8.5的硼砂 -盐酸缓冲液中 ,沸水浴加热 5 min,Cd2 +与 TPPS4 及 EBT形成稳定的三元混配物。混配物的最大吸收波长为 430 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为 3.8× 1 0 5L· mol- 1· cm- 1,Cd2 +浓度在 0～ 5 .0μg/ 5 0 m L范围内服从比耳定律 ,检出限为 1 .0 ng/ m L。采用此法测定了环境水样中的镉 ,结果满意     

5-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯与铑显色反应的研究

本文报道以5-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-2,4-二氨基甲苯(5-NO_2-PADAT)作分光光度法测定铑的新显色剂.结果表明,在PH 4.1及～6.5的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲介质中,5-NO_2-PA-DAT与铑形成 2:1的紫红色络合物.该络合物在 1.8 mol/L高氯酸溶液中则转变为另一型体的蓝色络合物,最大吸收波长红移至583nm,表观摩尔吸光系数增至1.7×10_5L·mol_(-1)·cm(-1).以EDTA为掩蔽剂,大量的常见金属离子对测定无干扰.铑浓度在0～0.64μg/mL范围内遵守比尔定律.所建立的方法用于催化剂中微量铑的测定,结果满意.     

贵金属高灵敏显色反应的研究 Ⅸ.铑(Ⅲ)-碘化钾-丁基罗丹明B-阿拉伯胶-TritonX-100体系

本文研究了在阿拉伯胶和TritonX-100参与下,铑(Ⅲ)与碘化钾、丁基罗丹明B形成离子缔合物的超高灵敏显色反应,缔合物的最大吸收在590nm,摩尔吸光系数为1.8×10~6l·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)。铑(Ⅲ)含量在4—70ng/ml范围内遵从比尔定律。研究了二十余种外来离子的干扰。拟定的方法可用于镍中痕量铑的直接测定。     

2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺与铑显色反应的研究及应用

本文报道了以新试剂2-(5-硝基-2吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺(5-NO_2-PADMA)作分光光度法测定铑的新体系.结果表明,在 PH=5.25～6.75范围内,铑与 5-NO_2-PADMA形成 1:1的紫红色络合物,其 λ_(max)在 525 nm处,该络合物在 1.8mol/L的盐酸溶液中转变为绿兰色,其最大吸收峰位于620nm处,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.39×10～5L·mol～1·cm～1.反应具有良好的选择性,常见金属离子在一定范围内无干扰.铑含量为0～0.56μg/mL范围内遵守比耳定律.所拟方法操作简便,灵敏度高,用于催化剂中微量铑的测定,结果满意.     

铑(Ⅲ)-钼酸盐-丁基罗丹明B缔合显色反应的研究

在聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在下,铑与钼酸盐和丁基罗丹明B(BRB)形成寓于缔合物,缔合物的最大吸收峰位于570nm,摩尔吸光系数ε值为3.22×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),服从比耳定律范围0～8μgRh/25ml,摩尔比Rh:BRB1:4:,缔合物至少稳定240h。测定铑的适宜条件为C_(HCIO_4)=1.5mol/L,C_(MoO_4~(8-)),3.3×10~(-8)mol/L,C_(BRA)=3.8×10~(-5)mol/L,PVA0.08％。考察了41种共存离子的影响,常见元素不干扰。本法已用于催化剂和回收液中铑的测定,结果满意。本文还探讨了反应机理。     

新显色剂1-（对-偶氮苯）-3-（5-硝基-2-吡啶）-三氮烯的合成及其与镉的显色反应

报道了新显色剂 1 - (对 -偶氮苯 ) - 3- ( 5-硝基 - 2 -吡啶 ) -三氮烯 ( APNPT)的合成及其与镉的显色反应。在非离子表面活性剂 OP的存在下 ,p H1 0 .8时 ,镉 ( )与 APNPT形成 1∶ 2的稳定红色配合物 ,其最大吸收波长为 52 5nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为 1 .7× 1 0 5L· mol-1· cm-1,线性范围为 0～ 2 .8μg/1 0 m L,是目前测定微量镉的高灵敏显色反应之一 ,所拟方法已用于水样中微量镉 ( )的测定。     

2-(5-溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯胺与钯显色反应的研究

本文研究了5-Br-PADMA与钯的显色反应,在0.2～3.0mol/L HClO_4溶液中,试剂与钯形成最大吸收峰位于609nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为8.2×10~4L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1)的青蓝色配合物。钯含量在0～35μg/25ml范围内符合比尔定律。大量常见金属离子及十倍量的铂、金、铱、铑和钌等贵金属离子不干扰钯的测定。所拟方法简便、快速、选择性高且测定结果稳定。直接应用于含钯样品的分析,结果满意。     

在β-环糊精和阳离子表面活性剂作用下5-Br-TADEB 分光光度法测定微量铑

研究了在 β-环糊精 ( β- CD)和各种不同类型表面活性剂存在下 5-溴 - ( 2 -噻唑偶氮 ) - 5-二乙氨基苯甲酸 ( 5- Br- TADEB)与铑的显色反应。在 p H 4.0～5.7的 HAc- Na Ac介质中 ,Rh3 +与 5- Br- TADEB形成稳定的 1∶ 2蓝色络合物 ,最大吸收波长位于 687nm处。阴离子和非离子表面活性剂对体系无明显作用 ,β- CD和阳离子表面活性剂分别加入使体系灵敏度提高 2 0 % ,而当 β- CD与阳离子表面活性剂同时加入则可使体系灵敏度提高 50 % ,其表观摩尔吸光系数ε=1 .1 4× 1 0 5L·mol-1·cm-1。该方法已用于含铑催化剂中微量铑的测定     

Highly selective catalytic determination of ultra trace amounts of rhodium by linear sweep voltammetry

A highly selective and sensitive method is proposed for the determination of rhodium, based on the catalytic effect on the oxidation of Nile blue by periodate. The reaction rate is monitored by measuring the current of Nile blue at –0.37 V vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The linear working range is 5 to 100 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 0.1 ng/mL. The interference effects of more than forty ions were studied. The method was used for the determination of Rh (III) in synthetic samples with satisfactory results.     

Column preconcentration and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric determination of rhodium in some food and standard samples

In the present work, an electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometric method has been developed for the determination of ultra‐trace amounts of rhodium after adsorption of its 2‐(5‐bromo‐2‐pyridylazo)‐5‐diethylaminophenol/tetraphenylborate ion associated complex at the surface of alumina. Several factors affecting the extraction efficiency such as the pH, type of eluent, sample and eluent flow rates, sorption capacity of alumina and sample volume were investigated and optimized. The relative standard deviation for eight measurements of 0.1 ng/mL of rhodium was ±6.3%. In this method, the detection limit was 0.003 ng/mL in the original solution. The sorption capacity of alumina and the linear range for Rh(III) were evaluated as 0.8 mg/g and 0.015–0.45 ng/mL in the original solution, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied for the extraction and determination of rhodium content in some food and standard samples with high recovery values.     

Kinetic Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Rhodium by Its Catalytic Effect on the Oxidation of O-Toluidine Blue by Periodate in Micellar Media

A simple kinetic spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of ultra trace amounts of Rh(III). The method is based on the catalytic effect of rhodium(III) on the oxidation of o-Toluidine blue by periodate in micellar media. The reaction was monitored spectrophotometrically by measuring the decrease in absorbance of o-Toluidine blue at 628 nm with a fixed-time method. The decrease in the absorbance of o-Toluidine blue is proportional to the concentration of Rh(III) in the concentration range 1.0–400.0 ng/mL, with a fixed time of 0.5–4.5 min from initiation of the reaction. The limit of detection is 0.2 ng/mL Rh(III). The relative standard deviation for the determination of 0.020 and 0.100 g/mL Rh(III) was 2.2 and 1.5%, respectively. The method was applied to the determination of rhodium in water.     

Highly selective catalytic determination of ultra trace amounts of rhodium by linear sweep voltammetry

A highly selective and sensitive method is proposed for the determination of rhodium, based on the catalytic effect on the oxidation of Nile blue by periodate. The reaction rate is monitored by measuring the current of Nile blue at –0.37 V vs. Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The linear working range is 5 to 100 ng/mL with a limit of detection of 0.1 ng/mL. The interference effects of more than forty ions were studied. The method was used for the determination of Rh (III) in synthetic samples with satisfactory results. Received: 2 July 1997 / Revised: 23 September 1997 / Accepted: 24 September 1997     

On the re-assessment of the optimum conditions for the determination of platinum, palladium and rhodium in environmental samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry and microwave digestion

The experimental conditions for the determination of platinum, palladium and rhodium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) are re-assessed. A certified material (BCR-723) was used as a working sample and analyzed using various extraction and atomization procedures in order to find the optimal experimental conditions that enable the quantitative and reproducible detection of platinum, palladium and rhodium in environmental matrices. Evidently, literature observations regarding the atomization conditions were proven fairly adequate. However, the provision of the optimum extraction conditions revealed several parameters that lie behind the reported uncertainties. The appropriate combination between extraction conditions and atomization programs afforded a considerable improvement in the recoveries and analytical features of platinum, palladium and rhodium determination with GFAAS. Cross-examination of the analytical data with various CRMs (certified reference materials) was used to validate the robustness of the method in heterogeneous matrices bearing different element levels. Under the optimum experimental conditions the method permits the determination at concentrations as low as (LOD(3S/N)) 1.9 ng g(-1), 0.45 ng g(-1) and 0.6 ng g(-1) for Pt, Pd and Rh, respectively affording recoveries in the range of 93-101%. The method was successfully applied to the assessment of Pt, Pd and Rh accumulation in real road dust and soil samples in Greece.     

Catalytic Spectrophotometric Determination of Rhodium in The Rhodium-Potassium Periodate-Ethylrhodamine B

The method of kinetic spectrophotometry for determination of trace Rh(Ⅲ) had been reported by reference. We have discovered that trace the Rh(Ⅲ) catalyze the decolorating oxidizine reaction of ethylrhodamine B by potassium periodate on heating in phosphoric acid and sodium chloride medium, the reaction rate on log(A₀/A) values is linear over relatively range of concentration of Rh(Ⅲ). Hence a new catalytic spectrophotometric method for determination of trace Rh(Ⅲ) has been established. The method is simple,rapid and reproducible. The method has been used to determine trace Rh(Ⅲ) in actual samples with satisfactory results.     

Highly selective determination of rhodium(III) using silica gel surface-imprinted solid-phase extraction

A novel Rh(III)-imprinted amino-functionalised silica gel sorbent was prepared by a surface imprinting technique for preconcentration and separation of Rh(III) prior to its determination by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Compared with the traditional solid sorbents and non-imprinted polymer particles, the ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) had higher adsorption capacity and selectivity for Rh(III). The maximum static adsorption capacity of the imprinted and non-imprinted sorbent for Rh(III) was 29.86?mg?g^?1 and 11.23?mg?g^?1, respectively. The imprinted Rh(III) was removed with 2?mL of 3% thiourea?+?2?mol?L^?1 HCl. The obtained imprinted particles exhibited excellent selectivity and rapid kinetics process for Rh(III). The relatively selective factor (α_r) values of Rh(III)/Ru(III), Rh(III)/Au(III), Rh(III)/Pt(IV), Rh(III)/Ir(IV), Rh(III)/Pd(II) were 26.7, 39.0 29.2, 28.1, 43.7, respectively, which were greater than 1. The detection limit (3σ) of the method was 0.26?µg?L^?1. The relative standard deviation of the method was 1.79% for eight replicate determination of 10?µg of Rh³⁺ in 200?mL water sample. The method was validated by analysing standard reference material (GBW 07293), the results obtained is in good agreement with standard values. The developed method was also successfully applied to the determination of trace rhodium(III) in geological samples with satisfactory results.     

抑制动力学荧光法测定痕量氟

在酸性介质中,利用氟离子对Fe(Ⅲ）催化H2O2氧化罗丹明6G使其荧光猝灭的抑制作用,建立了动力学荧光法测定痕量氟离子新方法,方法的线性范围为0.020-0.180μg/mL,检出限为8.70ng/mL。本法已用于牙膏中氟的含量测定。     

贵金属元素电化学分析研究(Ⅸ)——微量铑的阳极溶出伏安法测定

Shifris B.J.等用伏安法在0.5mol/LHCl(含0.1mmol/LHg~(2+))支持电解质中,进行了Cu-Ni精矿中Rh、Ir的连续测定,但灵敏度较低,只能测至1μmol/L。作者曾用HgCl_2-HCl-乙二胺体系测定Rh(Ⅲ),检出限为10ng。 本文进一步发现铑离子在H_2SO_4-HgCl_2介质中,具有稳定而尖锐的阳极溶出峰(见图1)。图中Rh(Ⅲ)峰右侧出一微小平台是由于