Effect of the different modifications of A1PO-5 molecular sieve on its acidity and catalytic properties in methanol conversion to hydrocarbons

An AlPO-5 molecular sieve has been isomorphously substituted by one (Co or Si) or two (Co and Si) elements and studied in the catalytic conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons. The effect of different modifications on both acidity and catalytic behavior of this material was established and further discussed.     

CMK-5负载Pt-Ni合金催化剂及其甲醇电化学氧化性能

采用NaBH₄还原法将不同原子比的铂镍负载于CMK-5(由SBA-15模板所得的碳载体)表面. X射线衍射(XRD)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试结果表明, 所得催化剂是以铂镍合金的形式存在, 相对于Pt/CMK-5而言, 这种合金化的催化剂中Pt表现出更多的金属态. 电化学测试结果显示, 在催化剂中主要以化合态存在的镍(包括NiO、Ni(OH)₂和NiOOH)可能更有利于甲醇的吸附和氧化产物从催化剂表面的脱附. 另外, 从循环伏安测试结果可知, Pt-Ni/CMK-5 (5:1)(原子比)具有较大的比表面活性, 其电化学活性面积高达63.9 m²·g^-1, 且与Pt/CMK-5相比抗CO中毒能力有明显改善.     

H-ZSM-5分子筛上苯与乙醇和乙烯烷基化反应的理论研究

采用ONIOM2(B3LYP/6-31G(d):UFF)计算方法研究了H-ZSM-5分子筛上苯与乙醇和乙烯烷基化反应历程.选取40T簇模型模拟了H-ZSM-5分子筛位于孔道交叉点的酸性位.从生成能和反应活化能角度分析并比较了苯与乙醇和乙烯烷基化反应机理.结果表明,苯与乙醇的烷基化按照分步机理进行,速控步骤的活化能为170.34 kJ/mol.而乙烯作为烷基化剂与苯反应时同时存在联合机理和分步机理,且二者之间存在一定程度的竞争,其中联合机理的活化能为167.24 kJ/mol,分步机理速控步骤的活化能为155.20 kJ/mol.比较苯与乙醇和乙烯发生烷基化反应的机理可以看出,二者作为烷基化试剂对烷基化反应性能影响不大.     

Quantification of 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine and 5-carboxylcytosine from the blood of cancer patients by an enzyme-based immunoassay

Background

Genome-wide aberrations of the classic epigenetic modification 5-methylcytosine (5mC), considered the hallmark of gene silencing, has been implicated to play a pivotal role in mediating carcinogenic transformation of healthy cells. Recently, three epigenetic marks derived from enzymatic oxidization of 5mC namely 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC) and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC), have been discovered in the mammalian genome. Growing evidence suggests that these novel bases possess unique regulatory functions and may play critical roles in carcinogenesis.

Methods

To provide a quantitative basis for these rare epigenetic marks, we have designed a biotin–avidin mediated enzyme-based immunoassay (EIA) and evaluated its performance in genomic DNA isolated from blood of patients diagnosed with metastatic forms of lung, pancreatic and bladder cancer, as well as healthy controls. The proposed EIA incorporates spatially optimized biotinylated antibody and a high degree of horseradish-peroxidase (HRP) labeled streptavidin, facilitating signal amplification and sensitive detection.

Results

We report that the percentages of 5mC, 5hmC and 5caC present in the genomic DNA of blood in healthy controls as 1.025 ± 0.081, 0.023 ± 0.006 and 0.001 ± 0.0002, respectively. We observed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the mean global percentage of 5hmC in blood of patients with malignant lung cancer (0.013 ± 0.003%) in comparison to healthy controls.

Conclusion

The precise biological roles of these epigenetic modifications in cancers are still unknown but in the past two years it has become evident that the global 5hmC content is drastically reduced in a variety of cancers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of decreased 5hmC content in the blood of metastatic lung cancer patients and the clinical utility of this observation needs to be further validated in larger sample datasets.     

P-HZSM-5催化剂上合成对异丙基苯酚的研究

研究了在Ｐ－ＨＺＳＭ－５ 上苯酚与异丙醇烷基化合成对异丙基苯酚（ｐ－ＩＰＰ）的反应, 考察了磷含量对催化反应性能的影响, 用ＮＨ３－ＴＰＤ和Ｐｙｒ－ＩＲ表征了Ｐ－ＨＺＳＭ－５ 的表面酸性质． 结果表明, 磷改性ＨＺＳＭ－５ 可提高ｐ－ＩＰＰ选择性（达９５％ ）, 而降低了苯酚的转化率, 并导致酸量减少和酸强度减弱． 磷与分子筛的相互作用引起了分子筛脱铝． 焙烧温度对活性和选择性均有影响． 分子筛在９７３ Ｋ、Ｐ－ＨＺＳＭ－５ 在８２３ Ｋ焙烧时, ｐ－ＩＰＰ选择性最高     

蛋氨酸合成酶催化反应研究 VII.5-氨基-6-甲基尿嘧啶的合成研究

报道了 5 氨基 6 甲基尿嘧啶简便的合成方法 .该化合物以 6 甲基尿嘧啶 ( 2 )为起始物 ,经硝化或重氮化分别得到中间体 5 硝基 6 甲基尿嘧啶 ( 3 )和 5 偶氮苯基 6 甲基尿嘧啶 ( 4 ) ,化合物 3和 4经Na2 S2 O4还原 ,合成产物 5 氨基 6 甲基尿嘧啶 ( 1) .     

AEu2I5(A＝K,Rb,Cs)的合成及结构与性质研究

本文用一步反应合成了未见文献报道的化合物ＡＥｕ２Ｉ５（Ａ＝Ｋ，Ｒｂ，Ｃｓ），测定了这些化合物的组成、结构、熔点、密度、极谱电位、固体荧光光谱及在四氢呋喃中的紫外可见吸收光谱，解释了固体荧光光谱，确定了化合物中Ｅｕ的实际价态是＋２。     

COAPO-5和MnAPO-5分子筛的合成、表征及在环己烷选择氧化反应中的应用

合成一系列具有不同质量分数Co、Mn的磷铝分子筛CoAPO 5和MnAPO 5;通过X 衍射、扫描电镜、氮气物理吸附、热重分析以及紫外可见漫反射光谱等技术对分子筛的结构、形貌以及Co、Mn原子在分子筛骨架中的存在状态进行了表征;考察了氧气作氧化剂时分子筛在环己烷低温液相氧化反应中的催化性能。结果表明,所合成的CoAPO 5和MnAPO 5具有典型的AlPO4 5分子筛结构,金属Me/P比小于0.1时,分子筛结晶度较高。金属的种类、价态、质量分数及存在形式决定了模板剂与分子筛骨架作用的强度及方式,而有机模板剂的脱附、燃烧温度与这种作用密切相关;部分模板剂需在高温下脱除,说明分子筛骨架与模板剂之间存在着强相互作用。在CoAPO 5和MnAPO 5分子筛的骨架结构中,存在四配位的Co(II)和Mn(II),经过焙烧可以部分氧化为Co(III)和Mn(III),说明在焙烧样中存在着氧化还原活性中心。对于环己烷选择氧化反应,CoAPO 5和MnAPO 5分子筛都具有适中的催化活性,氧化反应产物分布均随反应时间而变化。虽然MnAPO 5的催化活性比CoAPO 5高,但其深度氧化能力也较强;采用MnAPO 5为催化剂,环己烷氧化反应的环己酮选择性及深度氧化产物的量都较高。同时,骨架Co质量分数对环己烷氧化反应活性具有显著影响,Co/P比为0.05的CoAPO 5分子筛催化活性最高,130℃反应24h,主要目的产物环己醇和环己酮的选择性可达88.5%。     

介质阻挡放电和CuZSM-5结合体系中等离子体对C2H4的作用

采用吸附、程序升温脱附及氧化和发射光谱等技术研究了介质阻挡放电对气相和催化剂表面吸附乙烯的作用. 实验表明, 介质阻挡放电等离子体能脱附催化剂表面吸附物种(如CO2和H2O等), 并引发表面化学反应生成新物种(如在等离子体作用下C2H4和O2生成CO2和H2O); 改变催化剂表面积碳化合物结构, 并降低其起燃点; 引发气相中乙烯发生反应生成中间物种或碎片(如CN和CH等). 在富氧体系NO/O2/N2中加入C2H4, 能使介质阻挡放电等离子体和CuZSM-5“一段法”结合体系产生协同效应, 提高NOx转化率. 该协同效应的产生与等离子体在气相及催化剂表面引发化学反应, 产生参与NOx还原反应的新稳态物种和短寿命高能活性物种有关.     

生物质转化为液体燃料2,5-二甲基呋喃 的途径与机理

随着化石燃料的日益减少,寻找可再生的液体生物质燃料已经引起了越来越广泛的关注。由生物质制备得到的2,5-二甲基呋喃(DMF)具有高能量密度、高沸点、高辛烷值和不溶于水等优点,近年来被认为是一种非常有前景的液体燃料。本文归纳和总结了生物质转化为DMF的化学途径、方法和反应机理以及DMF的燃烧性能,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。     

Sn和Si掺杂AlPO4-5分子筛及其加氢脱硫反应性能研究

直接在AlPO4-5凝胶中加入Si和Sn2+源成功制备SAPO-5和SnSAPO-5分子筛。采用XRD、低温N2物理吸附、SEM、NMR、Py-IR、NH3-TPD等表征对分子筛物理化学性质进行分析。随Sn含量的增多,杂原子SnSAPO-5分子筛表面更光滑,外貌呈现更规则的六棱柱;Sn和Si更多的富集于表面;并且Sn2+同晶取代Al3+,骨架产生缺陷,电荷不平衡,进而产生更多的酸性位点。将分子筛用于NiW催化剂的改性,以脱除模拟油中二苯并噻吩（DBT）为探针,评价其改性加氢催化剂的加氢脱硫（HDS）反应性能。SnSAPO-5分子筛的添加在催化剂上引入了更多的酸性中心;改善载体与活性金属的相互作用;促进活性金属的硫化;形成更多的金属活性相,进而提高NiW催化剂的加氢脱硫能力。因而SnSAPO-5改性催化剂表现出比其他改性催化剂更好的HDS活性,具有良好的应用前景。     

3,5-diBr-DMPAP直接光度法测定游泳池水中铜

建立了一种在表面活性剂聚乙二醇辛基苯基醚(OP)存在下,以2-(3,5-二溴-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基酚(简称3,5-diBr-DMPAP)作显色剂,用分光光度法直接测定游泳池水中铜的新方法。结果表明,在pH4.0的乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,以580 nm为测定波长,可选择性测定游泳池中微量铜,线性范围达0.0～0.6μg/mL,表观摩尔吸光系数为5.568×104L.mol-1.cm-1。该法操作快速、简便,结果灵敏可靠,应用于游泳池水中铜的测定,结果与原子吸收法基本一致。     

Unusual Conversion of 5-Hydroxy-2(5H)furanone in Aqueous Solution

The conversion of 5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone into succinic acid in aqueous solution has been detected experimentally for the first time, indicating the possibility of forming and hydrolyzing its previously unknown tautomeric forms. The accelerating effect of increased pH values and temperature on the reaction has been established. A scheme is proposed to form succinic acid from 5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone.     

添加锡组分对Pt/ZSM-5催化剂丙烷脱氢反应性能的影响

丙烷脱氢制丙烯是优化利用炼厂气和油田伴生气资源的一条重要途径,这方面的研究已日益引起研究者的关注[1～5].对γ-Al2O3为载体的负载型铂催化剂丙烷脱氢催化性能已进行了深入的研究.通过引入特定的助剂,可以提高负载型铂催化剂低碳烷烃脱氢选择性和稳定性[6,7].与Ce、Zn、V、La、Cr、Fe、Zr、Mn等助剂比较,Sn助剂更有利于提高催化剂丙烷脱氢的反应稳定性[8].     

A convenient synthesis of 5-fluorofuran-2-carboxylic acid

A convenient synthesis of 5-fluorofuran-2-carboxylic acid has been achieved in two steps and 56% total yield. Fluorodenitration of commercially available benzyl 5-nitrofuran-2-carboxylate utilizing potassium fluoride and catalytic tetraphenylphosphonium bromide in sulfolane at 140 °C for 2 h furnished benzyl 5-fluorofuran-2-carboxylate. Hydrogenolysis of benzyl 5-fluorofuran-2-carboxylate gave the title compound.     

交流示波极谱法连续滴定LaNi4.5Sn0.5合金的分量

研究了用交流示波极谱法连续快速滴定ＬａＮｉ４．５Ｓｎ０．５合金分量的新方法。方法不用指示剂，用色溶液及沉淀不干扰，应用于该合金分量测定获得满意结果。     

Synthesis of Chromium (Ⅲ) 5-aminosalicylate

As we all known that diabetes is a chronic disease with major health consequences.Research has revealed that the occurrence of diabetes have great thing to do with the chromium deficient. Almost 40 years after the first report of glucose tolerance factor(GTF) [1], no conclusive evidence for an isolable ,biologically active form of chromium exited. Three materials have been proposed to be the biologically active form of chromium: "glucose tolerance factor", chromium Picolinate and low-molecular-weight chromium-binding substance (LWMCr) [2] . So there is potential for the design of new chromium drugs .5-Aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is identified as an active component in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis . The therapeutic action of 5-ASA is believed to be coupled to its ability to act as a free radical scavenger [3-4],acting locally on the inflamed colonic mucosa [5-7]. However, the clinical use of 5-ASA is limited, since orally administered 5-ASA is rapidly and completely absorbed from the upper gastrointestinal tract and therefore the local therapeutic effects of 5-ASA in the colon is hardly expected.In this paper, we report the synthesis of chromium(Ⅲ)5-aminosalicylate from 5-ASA and CrCl3. 6H2O.The synthesis route is as follow:The complex has been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, X-ray powder diffractionand TG-DTA . They indicate that the structure is tris(5-ASA) Chromium . Experiments show that thecomplex has a good activity for supplement tiny dietary chromium, lowering blood glucose levels,lowering serum lipid levels and in creasing lean body mass .     

Synthesis and Hydrogen-bonded Interpenetrating Grid Structure of 5,5＇-Bis [4- （2-hydroxyethyl）phenyl] diazo-dipyrromethane

A new 5,5'-bisdiazo-dipyrromethane compound 3 has been synthesized and cha- racterized. The crystal of 3 is of orthorhombic, space group Iba2 with a = 19.1914(17), b = 9.8396(8), c = 13.7643(12) , V = 2599.2(4)3, Z = 4, C29H34N6O2, Mr = 498.62, Dc = 1.274 g/cm3 , F(000) = 1064, μ(MoKα) = 0.083 mm-1, the final R = 0.0302 and wR = 0.0786 for 6361 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I), and R = 0.0320 and wR = 0.08006 for all data. It reveals that the molecules of compound 3 assemble into grid structures through a R22(7) type hydrogen bonding motif between azopyrrole and hydroxyl group. The grids interpenetrate each other with the assistance of C-H···π interaction.     

Heterocyclization of ω-Bromo-2-trichloroacetyl Cycloalkanones to Isoxazole Derivatives

A new series of brominated 3,4-polymethylene-5-hydroxy-5-trichloromethyl-4,5-dihydroisoxazoles (2a–d) has been regiospecifically obtained from the reaction of ω-bromo-2-trichloroacetylcycloalkanones with hydroxylamine in 79–87% yield. Dehydration of the 5-hydroxydihydroisoxazoles 2a–d can be effected with concentrated sulfuric acid at 25 °C to give the regioisomeric brominated 3,4-polymethylene-5-trichloromethylisoxazoles (3a–d). In contrast, the dehydration of 5-hydroxydihydroisoxazoles with sulfuric acid in ethanol solution at 65 °C, for transformation of trichloromethyl to carboxyl group, was reproducible only with 9-bromo-3-trichloromethyl-3,3a,4,5,6,7,8,9-octahydrocycloocta[c]isoxazole-3-ol, 2d, leading to isoxazolecarboxylate 4d. The structural assignments of all isolated products are based on the analysis of their ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectral data.     

Sequencing 5‐Hydroxymethyluracil at Single‐Base Resolution

5‐hydroxymethyluracil (5hmU) is formed through oxidation of thymine both enzymatically and non‐enzymatically in various biological systems. Although 5hmU has been reported to affect biological processes such as protein–DNA interactions, the consequences of 5hmU formation in genomes have not been yet fully explored. Herein, we report a method to sequence 5hmU at single‐base resolution. We employ chemical oxidation to transform 5hmU to 5‐formyluracil (5fU), followed by the polymerase extension to induce T‐to‐C base changes owing to the inherent ability of 5fU to form 5fU:G base pairing. In combination with the Illumina next generation sequencing technology, we developed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) conditions to amplify the T‐to‐C base changes and demonstrate the method in three different synthetic oligonucleotide models as well as part of the genome of a 5hmU‐rich eukaryotic pathogen. Our method has the potential capability to map 5hmU in genomic DNA and thus will contribute to promote the understanding of this modified base.