Varying the time-frequency lattice of Gabor frames

A Gabor or Weyl-Heisenberg frame for is generated by time-frequency shifts of a square-integrable function, the Gabor atom, along a time-frequency lattice. The dual frame is again a Gabor frame, generated by the dual atom. In general, Gabor frames are not stable under a perturbation of the lattice constants; that is, even for arbitrarily small changes of the parameters the frame property can be lost.

In contrast, as a main result we show that this kind of stability does hold for Gabor frames generated by a Gabor atom from the modulation space , which is a dense subspace of . Moreover, in this case the dual atom depends continuously on the lattice constants. In fact, we prove these results for more general weighted modulation spaces. As a consequence, we obtain for Gabor atoms from the Schwartz class that the continuous dependence of the dual atom holds even in the Schwartz topology. Also, we complement these main results by corresponding statements for Gabor Riesz sequences and their biorthogonal system.

     

Rational time-frequency multi-window subspace Gabor frames and their Gabor duals

This paper addresses the theory of multi-window subspace Gabor frame with rational time-frequency parameter products.With the help of a suitable Zak transform matrix,we characterize multi-window subspace Gabor frames,Riesz bases,orthonormal bases and the uniqueness of Gabor duals of type I and type II.Using these characterizations we obtain a class of multi-window subspace Gabor frames,Riesz bases,orthonormal bases,and at the same time we derive an explicit expression of their Gabor duals of type I and type II.As an application of the above results,we obtain characterizations of multi-window Gabor frames,Riesz bases and orthonormal bases for L2(R),and derive a parametric expression of Gabor duals for multi-window Gabor frames in L2(R).     

Subspace dual super wavelet and Gabor frames

Due to its potential applications in multiplexing techniques, the study of superframes has interested some researchers. This paper addresses dual super wavelet and Gabor frames in the subspace setting. We obtain a basic-equation characterization for subspace dual super wavelet and Gabor frames. In addition, applying this characterization, we derive a procedure that allows for constructing subspace dual super wavelet frames based on certain subspace dual super Gabor frames, and vice versa. Our results are new even in L²(R;C ^L ) setting.     

Gabor (super)frames with Hermite functions

We investigate vector-valued Gabor frames (sometimes called Gabor superframes) based on Hermite functions H _n . Let h = (H ₀, H ₁, . . . , H _n ) be the vector of the first n + 1 Hermite functions. We give a complete characterization of all lattices \({\Lambda \subseteq \mathbb{R} ^2}\) such that the Gabor system \({\{ {\rm e}^{2\pi i \lambda _{2} t}{\bf h} (t-\lambda _1): \lambda = (\lambda _1, \lambda _2) \in \Lambda \}}\) is a frame for \({L^2 (\mathbb{R} , \mathbb{C} ^{n+1})}\). As a corollary we obtain sufficient conditions for a single Hermite function to generate a Gabor frame and a new estimate for the lower frame bound. The main tools are growth estimates for the Weierstrass σ-function, a new type of interpolation problem for entire functions on the Bargmann–Fock space, and structural results about vector-valued Gabor frames.     

Compactly supported multiwindow dual Gabor frames of rational sampling density

We consider multiwindow Gabor systems (G _N ; a, b) with N compactly supported windows and rational sampling density N/ab. We give another set of necessary and sufficient conditions for two multiwindow Gabor systems to form a pair of dual frames in addition to the Zibulski–Zeevi and Janssen conditions. Our conditions come from the back transform of Zibulski–Zeevi condition to the time domain but are more informative to construct window functions. For example, the masks satisfying unitary extension principle (UEP) condition generate a tight Gabor system when restricted on [0, 2] with a?=?1 and b?=?1. As another application, we show that a multiwindow Gabor system (G _N ; 1, 1) forms an orthonormal basis if and only if it has only one window (N?=?1) which is a sum of characteristic functions whose supports ‘essentially’ form a Lebesgue measurable partition of the unit interval. Our criteria also provide a rich family of multiwindow dual Gabor frames and multiwindow tight Gabor frames for the particular choices of lattice parameters, number and support of the windows. (Section 4)     

On the structure of Gabor and super Gabor spaces

We study the structure of Gabor and super Gabor spaces inside L²(\mathbbR^2d){L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{2d})} and specialize the results to the case where the spaces are generated by vectors of Hermite functions. We then construct an isometric isomorphism between such spaces and Fock spaces of polyanalytic functions and use it in order to obtain structure theorems and orthogonal projections for both spaces at once, including explicit formulas for the reproducing kernels. In particular we recover a structure result obtained by N. Vasilevski using complex analysis and special functions. In contrast, our methods use only time-frequency analysis, exploring a link between time-frequency analysis and the theory of polyanalytic functions, provided by the polyanalytic part of the Gabor transform with a Hermite window, the polyanalytic Bargmann transform.     

On the structure of Gabor and super Gabor spaces

We study the structure of Gabor and super Gabor spaces inside ${L^{2}(\mathbb{R}^{2d})}$ and specialize the results to the case where the spaces are generated by vectors of Hermite functions. We then construct an isometric isomorphism between such spaces and Fock spaces of polyanalytic functions and use it in order to obtain structure theorems and orthogonal projections for both spaces at once, including explicit formulas for the reproducing kernels. In particular we recover a structure result obtained by N. Vasilevski using complex analysis and special functions. In contrast, our methods use only time-frequency analysis, exploring a link between time-frequency analysis and the theory of polyanalytic functions, provided by the polyanalytic part of the Gabor transform with a Hermite window, the polyanalytic Bargmann transform.     

Density results for subspace multiwindow Gabor systems in the rational case

Let S be a periodic set in R and L2(S) be a subspace of L2 (R). This paper investigates the density problem for multiwindow Gabor systems in L2(S) for the case that the product of time-frequency shift parameters is a rational number. We derive the density conditions for a multiwindow Gabor system to be complete (a frame) in L2(S). Under such conditions, we construct a multiwindow tight Gabor frame for L2(S) with window functions being characteristic functions. We also provide a characterization of a multiwindow Gabor frame to be a Riesz basis for L2(S), and obtain the density condition for a multiwindow Gabor Riesz basis for L2(S).     

非均匀Gabor框架的稳定性

研究了当窗函数变化时非均匀Gabor框架的稳定性.对紧支撑Gabor框架,将均匀情况下关于稳定性的结论推广到了非均匀的情况;对一般的Gabor框架,利用W（L^∞,e^1）范数给出了其稳定的一个充分条件.     

Banach Gabor frames with Hermite functions: polyanalytic spaces from the Heisenberg group

Gabor frames with Hermite functions are equivalent to sampling sequences in true Fock spaces of polyanalytic functions. In the L ²-case, such an equivalence follows from the unitarity of the polyanalytic Bargmann transform. We will introduce Banach spaces of polyanalytic functions and investigate the mapping properties of the polyanalytic Bargmann transform on modulation spaces. By applying the theory of coorbit spaces and localized frames to the Fock representation of the Heisenberg group, we derive explicit polyanalytic sampling theorems which can be seen as a polyanalytic version of the lattice sampling theorem discussed by J.M. Whittaker in Chapter 5 of his book Interpolatory Function Theory.     

Approximate dual Gabor atoms via the adjoint lattice method

Regular Gabor frames for \({\boldsymbol {L}{^{2}}(\mathbb {R}^d)}\) are obtained by applying time-frequency shifts from a lattice in \(\boldsymbol {\Lambda } \vartriangleleft {\mathbb {R}^{d} \times \mathbb {\widehat {R}}}\) to some decent so-called Gabor atom g, which typically is something like a summability kernel in classical analysis, or a Schwartz function, or more generally some \(g \in {\boldsymbol {S}_{0}(\mathbb {R}^{d})}\) . There is always a canonical dual frame, generated by the dual Gabor atom \({\widetilde g}\) . The paper promotes a numerical approach for the efficient calculation of good approximations to the dual Gabor atom for general lattices, including the non-separable ones (different from \({a\mathbb {Z}^{d}\,{\times }\,b\mathbb {Z}^{d}}\) ). The theoretical foundation for the approach is the well-known Wexler-Raz biorthogonality relation and the more recent theory of localized frames. The combination of these principles guarantees that the dual Gabor atom can be approximated by a linear combination of a few time-frequency shifted atoms from the adjoint lattice \(\boldsymbol {\Lambda }\circ\) . The effectiveness of this approach is justified by a new theoretical argument and demonstrated by numerical examples.     

On the stability of wavelet and Gabor frames (Riesz bases)

If the sequence of functions _{j, k} is a wavelet frame (Riesz basis) or Gabor frame (Riesz basis), we obtain its perturbation system _j,k which is still a frame (Riesz basis) under very mild conditions. For example, we do not need to know that the support of or is compact as in [14]. We also discuss the stability of irregular sampling problems. In order to arrive at some of our results, we set up a general multivariate version of Littlewood-Paley type inequality which was originally considered by Lemarié and Meyer [17], then by Chui and Shi [9], and Long [16].     

On expansion with respect to Gabor frames generated by the Gaussian function

Mathematical Notes -     

Estimates, decay properties, and computation of the dual function for Gabor frames

We present a simple proof of Ron and Shen's frame bounds estimates for Gabor frames. The proof is based on the Heil and Walnut's representation of the frame operator and shows that it can be decomposed into a continuous family of infinite matrices. The estimates then follow from a simple application of Gershgorin's theorem to each matrix. Next, we show that, if the window function has exponential decay, also the dual function has some exponential decay. Then, we describe a numerical method to compute the dual function and give an estimate of the error. Finally, we consider the spline of order 2; we investigate numerically the region of the time-frequency plane where it generates a frame and we compute the dual function for some values of the parameters.     

Weighted irregular Gabor tight frames and dual systems using windows in the Schwartz class

We give a characterization for the weighted irregular Gabor tight frames or dual systems in L²(Rn) in terms of the distributional symplectic Fourier transform of a positive Borel measure on R2n naturally associated with the system and the short-time Fourier transform of the windows in the case where the window (or at least one of the windows in the case of dual systems) belongs to S(Rn). This result implies that, for certain classes of windows such as generalized Gaussians or “extreme-value” windows, the only weighted irregular Gabor tight frames (or even dual systems with both windows in the same class) that can be constructed with these windows are the trivial ones, corresponding to the measure μ=1 on R2n. Furthermore, we show that, if a such Gabor system admits a dual which is of Gabor type, then the Beurling density of the associated measure exists and is equal to one.     

A comprehensive characterization of the set of polynomial curves with rational rotation-minimizing frames

A rotation–minimizing frame (f ₁,f ₂,f ₃) on a space curve r(ξ) defines an orthonormal basis for \(\mathbb {R}^{3}\) in which \(\mathbf {f}_{1}=\mathbf {r}^{\prime }/|\mathbf {r}^{\prime }|\) is the curve tangent, and the normal–plane vectors f ₂, f ₃ exhibit no instantaneous rotation about f ₁. Polynomial curves that admit rational rotation–minimizing frames (or RRMF curves) form a subset of the Pythagorean–hodograph (PH) curves, specified by integrating the form \(\mathbf {r}^{\prime }(\xi )=\mathcal {A}(\xi )\,\mathbf{i} \,\mathcal {A}^{*}(\xi )\) for some quaternion polynomial \(\mathcal {A}(\xi )\). By introducing the notion of the rotation indicatrix and the core of the quaternion polynomial \(\mathcal {A}(\xi )\), a comprehensive characterization of the complete space of RRMF curves is developed, that subsumes all previously known special cases. This novel characterization helps clarify the structure of the complete space of RRMF curves, distinguishes the spatial RRMF curves from trivial (planar) cases, and paves the way toward new construction algorithms.