水溶性CdTe量子点荧光法测定青霉素的研究

以巯基乙酸为稳定剂合成水溶性CdTe量子点(QDs),利用CdTe QDs荧光猝灭-恢复技术,建立了一种测定青霉素的新方法。考察了不同缓冲溶液、pH值、Co2+浓度等因素对体系的影响。结果表明,在pH=10的硼砂缓冲溶液中,Co2+能猝灭CdTe QDs的荧光,体系中加入青霉素后,CdTe QDs的荧光得到恢复且恢复强度与青霉素的浓度呈良好的线性关系,方法的线性范围为2.0×10-5~1.0×10-4 mol/L,检出限为2.2×10-6 mol/L,应用于实际样品测定,结果较好。     

CdTe量子点荧光增敏法测定新霉素含量

在水溶液中制备巯基乙酸修饰的CdTe量子点(QDs),基于新霉素对CdTe QDs的荧光增敏效应,建立了一种测定新霉素的荧光分析新方法。考察了缓冲体系及pH值、量子点浓度、反应时间等多种条件下新霉素对CdTe QDs的荧光增敏效应。结果表明,在pH=7.5的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,当CdTe QDs溶液为3.5×10-6 mol·L-1、反应时间为5min时,新霉素浓度在1.0×10-8~10.0×10-8 mol·L-1范围内与体系的相对荧光强度呈良好线性关系,相关系数r=0.9996,检出限为2.6×10-10 mol·L-1。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高,可用于实际样品中新霉素含量的测定。     

基于L-半胱氨酸/CdTe量子点修饰电极的电化学传感器的制备及其对Pb~(2+)的检测

成功制备了由L-半胱氨酸和CdTe量子点作为修饰材料的电化学传感器并用于水体中Pb~(2+)的检测。巯基丙酸修饰的CdTe量子点通过水相合成,表面含有大量羧基,与L-半胱氨酸表面的氨基形成酰胺键,修饰于金电极表面。通过荧光分光光度计、透射电子显微镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射对L-Cys/CdTe QDs复合材料进行表征。采用循环伏安法(CV)研究了L-Cys/CdTe QDs修饰成分在金电极上的电化学性能及CdTe量子点的最佳自组装时间。采用差分脉冲溶出伏安法(DPSV)研究了铅离子在修饰电极上的电化学行为。在优化实验条件下,Pb~(2+)浓度在1.0×10~(-6)~1.0×10~(-2) mol/L范围内与其峰电流呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r2)为0.993 8,检出限(3σ,n=5)为4.0×10~(-7) mol/L。该传感器具有良好的重现性和稳定性,有望用于实际水样中铅离子的检测。     

基于L-半胱氨酸功能化的MoS_2荧光量子点检测Hg~(2+)

本文采用水热法,以Na_2MoO_4为钼源,L-半胱氨酸作为硫源及稳定剂,合成荧光二硫化钼量子点(MoS2QDs),利用紫外-可见光谱、荧光光谱和红外光谱对量子点的结构和性能进行了表征。所合成MoS2QDs呈现较强蓝色荧光的性能,并具有较好的分散性。MoS_2QDs作为探针与Hg~(2+)作用后产生荧光猝灭现象,由此建立了一种测定Hg~(2+)的荧光分析新方法。该方法对Hg~(2+)测定的线性范围是5.0×10-7~2.0×10-4 mol/L,检测限为2.3×10-7 mol/L,相关系数为0.998。该方法具有操作简单、灵敏度高和选择性好等特点,可用于自来水水样中痕量Hg~(2+)的测定。     

3-巯基丙酸修饰的CdTe量子点荧光探针用于碘酸根离子的检测

以3-巯基丙酸(MPA)为稳定剂,采用水相合成法制备了CdTe量子点(QDs)。基于IO-3可使CdTe QDs荧光显著猝灭的特性,建立了一种检测IO-3的荧光分析新方法。优化了实验条件,在pH=6.0、三酸缓冲溶液浓度为30mmol/L、QDs溶液浓度为8.66×10-6 mol/L、反应时间为24min最佳实验条件下,检测IO-3的线性范围为6.0×10-8~7.2×10-6 mol/L,检出限为4.92×10-8 mol/L,方法相对标准偏差为2.37%。实验表明,IO-3对CdTe QDs的荧光猝灭有较好的选择性。方法用于自来水中IO-3的回收率实验,回收率为92.17%~103.29%。对可能的机理进行了探讨。     

基于CdTe量子点荧光探针测定水样中痕量Cd2+

本文以巯基乙酸为稳定剂,在水相中合成水溶性的CdTe量子点(CdTe QDs),并基于QDs荧光增强原理,建立了QDs荧光探针测定水中痕量Cd2+的新方法。研究表明,在pH为7.8的硼酸-硼砂缓冲溶液和吐温-40的存在下,Cd2+能够显著增强CdTe QDs的荧光强度,且Cd2+浓度在2.0×10-7～5.5×10-5g/L范围内与CdTe QDs荧光增强强度呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9988,检出限(3s/k)为3.2×10-8 g/L。该方法简单便捷,灵敏度高,应用于实际水样的检测,回收率为96.0%～102.5%。     

新型量子点“开关”测定痕量诺氟沙星

研究并构建了一种新型CdTe量子点“开关”,利用量子点荧光强度的变化进行痕量诺氟沙星的检测.考察了不同缓冲溶液,pH值,C02+浓度等因素对体系的影响.结果表明,在pH=10的硼砂缓冲液中,C02+能猝灭CdTe的荧光;体系中加入诺氟沙星后,CdTe的荧光得到恢复,并且量子点荧光的恢复强度与诺氟沙星的浓度与呈良好的线性关系.基于量子点“开关”技术,通过检测CdTe荧光恢复强度,建立了一种测定诺氟沙星的方法.方法的线性范围为0.8×10-8～4.4×10-7 mol/L;检出限为2.3×10-9 mol/L.应用于实际样品的检测,RSD≤2.2％(n=6),回收率为98.4％～102.1％,结果令人满意.     

迷迭香酸的CdTe量子点荧光探针同步荧光法测定

基于迷迭香酸对CdTe量子点荧光的猝灭效应,建立了一种高灵敏度的测定微量迷迭香酸的同步荧光法.在pH 5.7的缓冲溶液中,当固定波长差为210 nm时,CdTe量子点的同步荧光最大发射波长位于320 nm.在最佳实验条件下,迷迭香酸质量浓度在0.36 ～11.52 mg·L-1(1.00×10-6 ～3.20×10-5 mol/L)范围与CdTe量子点的同步荧光强度存在良好的线性关系.其线性回归方程为I0F/IF=0.931 7+0.128 9 ρ(mg·L-1),相关系数r=0.998 2,检出限为0.16 mg·L-1.10次重复测定2.16 mg·L-1 的迷迭香酸,相对标准偏差为2.8%.同时对其同步荧光猝灭机理进行了探讨.     

功能性CdTe量子点荧光增敏法测定盐酸多巴胺

以CdTe量子点作为荧光探针,基于荧光增敏法对盐酸多巴胺进行了定量检测,考察了缓冲溶液体系、量子点浓度、反应时间等多种因素的影响。实验结果表明,在pH7.5的0.2 mol/L Na2HPO4-NaH2PO4缓冲液中,反应时间为20 min,盐酸多巴胺浓度为1.2×10-8~1.0×10-7mol/L时,其线性回归方程为△F=-27.47+25.54c(10-8mol/L),相关系数和检测限分别为0.9992和6×10-11mol/L。该方法为盐酸多巴胺的测定提供了新的方法。     

基于Cu2-x Se纳米颗粒与罗丹明B的能量转移测定L-半胱氨酸

以硒化铜纳米颗粒为能量受体,以罗丹明B为能量供体,二者之间通过光诱导电子转移而猝灭罗丹明B的荧光;而 L-半胱氨酸能够诱导罗丹明 B 荧光的恢复,从而建立了测定 L-半胱氨酸的新方法。在pH 4.6、温度为30℃条件下混合2 mun后,罗丹明B在575 nm处的荧光强度与溶液中L-半胱氨酸的浓度在2.5×10-7~1.1×10-6 mol/L浓度范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(3σ/k)为5.5×10-8 mol/L。常见的氨基酸对半胱氨酸的测定干扰小,方法快速、选择性好。     

Di­methyl­phenyl­sulfonium tri­fluoro­methane­sulfonate and methyl­di­phenyl­sulfonium tri­fluoro­methane­sulfonate

The bonding geometry of sulfur in the cations of the title compounds, C₈H₁₁S⁺·CF₃SO₃^? and C₁₃H₁₃S⁺·CF₃SO₃^?, respectively, is similar and is independent of the ratio of the Me/Ph substituents. As expected, in both cations, the S—Ph bonds are somewhat shorter than the S—Me bonds. In both crystal structures, the interaction between cations and anions is similar.     

Bis(μ‐hexa­methyl­enetetr­amine)­bis(aqua­di­bromo­cadmium)­di­aqua­di­bromo­cadmium dihydrate

The title compound, poly­[[di­aqua­di­bromo­cadmium‐μ‐(1,3,5,7‐tetra­aza­tri­cyclo[3.3.1.1^3,7]decane‐N¹:N⁵)‐aqua­cad­mium‐di‐μ‐bromo‐aqua­cadmium‐μ‐(1,3,5,7‐tetra­aza­tri­cyclo[3.3.1.1^3,7]decane‐N¹:N⁵)‐di‐μ‐bromo] dihydrate], [Cd₃­Br₆­(C₆­H₁₂­N₄)₂­(H₂O)₄]·­2H₂O, is made up of two‐dimensional neutral rectangular coordination layers. Each rectangular subunit is enclosed by a pair of Cd₃(μ₂‐Br)₆(H₂O)₃ fragments and a pair of (μ₂‐hmt)Cd(H₂O)₂Br₂(μ₂‐hmt) fragments as sides (hmt is hexa­methyl­enetetr­amine). The unique Cd^II atom in the Cd₂Br₂ ring in the Cd₃(μ₂‐Br)₆(H₂O)₃ fragment is in a slightly distorted octahedral CdNOBr₄ geometry, surrounded by one hmt ligand [2.433 (5) Å], one aqua ligand [2.273 (4) Å] and four Br atoms [2.6409 (11)–3.0270 (14) Å]. The Cd^II atom in the (μ₂‐hmt)Cd(H₂O)₂Br₂(μ₂‐hmt) fragment lies on an inversion center and is in a highly distorted octahedral CdN₂O₂Br₂ geometry, surrounded by two trans‐related N atoms of two hmt ligands [2.479 (5) Å], two trans‐related aqua ligands [2.294 (4) Å] and two trans‐related Br atoms [2.6755 (12) Å]. Adjacent two‐dimensional coordination sheets are connected into a three‐dimensional network by hydrogen bonds involving lattice water mol­ecules, and the aqua, bromo and hmt ligands belonging to different layers.     

Methyl­tri­phenyl­stibonium tetra­fluoro­borate

In the title compound, [Sb(CH₃)(C₆H₅)₃]BF₄, there are four independent cations and anions in the asymmetric unit. The geometry around the Sb atom is distorted tetrahedral, with Sb—C distances in the range 2.077 (4)–2.099 (10) Å and angles at the Sb atom in the range 103.3 (3)–119.0 (4)°.     

2,4,6‐Tri­chloro­phenyl­iso­nitrile and 2,4,6‐tri­chloro­benzo­nitrile

The molecular structures of the title compounds, 2,4,6‐tri­chloro­phenyl­iso­nitrile (IUPAC name: 2,4,6‐tri­chloro­phenyl isocyanide), C₇H₂Cl₃N, and 2,4,6‐tri­chloro­benzo­nitrile, C₇H₂Cl₃N, are normal. The two structures are not isomorphous, but do contain similar two‐dimensional layers in which pairs of mol­ecules are held together by pairs of Cl?CN [3.245 (3) Å] or Cl?NC [3.153 (2) Å] interactions. The two‐dimensional isomorphism is lost through different layer‐stacking modes.     

Tetra­phenyl­phos­phonium 4‐hydroxy‐2,2,6,6‐tetra­methyl­piperidinyl­oxy‐4‐sulfonate

The title compound, C₂₄H₂₀P⁺·C₉H₁₇NO₅S⁻, consists of an organic monovalent cation and an organic monovalent anion, the latter being derived from the TEMPO radical (TEMPO is 2,2,6,6‐tetra­methyl­piperidin‐1‐oxyl). Two inversion‐related anions interact via two –O—H⃛O—S– hydrogen bonds, forming a dimer in which there are no short contacts between the spin centres (–N—O) of the TEMPO(OH)SO₃⁻ anions. Furthermore, no significant magnetic interaction is observed between the dimers because the dimer is surrounded by cations. These results are consistent with the paramagnetic behaviour of the title salt.     

2,4‐Di­nitro­phenyl­hydrazones of 2,4‐di­hydroxy­benz­aldehyde, 2,4‐di­hydroxy­aceto­phenone and 2,4‐di­hydroxy­benzo­phenone

In 2,4‐di­hydroxy­benz­aldehyde 2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl­hydrazone N,N‐di­methyl­form­amide solvate {or 4‐[(2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl)­hydrazono­methyl]­benzene‐1,3‐diol N,N‐di­methyl­form­amide solvate}, C₁₃H₁₀N₄O₆·C₃H₇NO, (X), 2,4‐di­hydroxy­aceto­phenone 2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl­hydrazone N,N‐di­methyl­form­am­ide solvate (or 4‐{1‐[(2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl)hydrazono]ethyl}benzene‐1,3‐diol N,N‐di­methyl­form­amide solvate), C₁₄H₁₂N₄O₆·C₃H₇NO, (XI), and 2,4‐di­hydroxy­benzo­phenone 2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl­hydrazone N,N‐di­methyl­acet­amide solvate (or 4‐­{[(2,4‐di­nitro­phenyl)hydrazono]phenyl­methyl}benzene‐1,3‐diol N,N‐di­methyl­acet­amide solvate), C₁₉H₁₄N₄O₆·C₄H₉NO, (XII), the molecules all lack a center of symmetry, crystallize in centrosymmetric space groups and have been observed to exhibit non‐linear optical activity. In each case, the hydrazone skeleton is fairly planar, facilitated by the presence of two intramolecular hydrogen bonds and some partial N—N double‐bond character. Each molecule is hydrogen bonded to one solvent mol­ecule.     

{[(N‐Methyl‐p‐toluidino)­di­phenyl­phospho­ranyl­idene]­methyl}(N‐methyl‐p‐toluidino)­di­phenyl­phospho­nium iodide

The cationic part of the homodifunctional amino­phospho­ranyl ligand, C₄₁H₄₁N₂P₂⁺·I^?, shows interesting features associated with the N—P—C—P—N skeleton. The P—C(H) bond distances [1.696 (3) and 1.697 (3) Å] possess partial double‐bond characteristics. The nature of the P—C(H) and P—N bonds suggests that the positive charge is only distributed around the P—C—P atoms. The structure has near twofold symmetry through the central methyl­ide‐C atom.     

9,10‐Di­phenyl‐9,10‐epi­dioxy­anthra­cene and 9,10‐di­hydro‐10,10‐di­methoxy‐9‐phenyl­anthracen‐9‐ol

9,10‐Di­phenyl‐9,10‐epi­dioxy­anthracene, C₂₆H₁₈O₂, (I), was accidentally used in a photo­oxy­genation reaction that produced 9,10‐di­hydro‐10,10‐di­methoxy‐9‐phenyl­anthracen‐9‐ol, C₂₂H₂₀O₃, (II). In both compounds, the phenyl rings are approximately orthogonal to the anthracene moiety. The conformation of the anthracene moiety differs as a result of substitution. Intramolecular C—H⃛O interactions in (I) form two approximately planar S(5) rings in each of the two crystallographically independent mol­ecules. The packing of (I) and (II) consists of molecular dimers stabilized by C—H⃛O interactions and of molecular chains stabilized by O—H⃛O interactions, respectively.     

Specific heat on Sr<Subscript>2</Subscript>Nb<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>7</Subscript> and Sr<Subscript>2</Subscript>Ta<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>7</Subscript>

Summary Specific heats on the single crystals of Sr₂Nb₂O₇, Sr₂Ta₂O₇ and (Sr_1-xBa_x)₂Nb₂O₇ were measured in a wide temperature range of 2-600 K. Heat anomalies of a λ-type were observed at the incommensurate phase transition of T_INC (=495 K) on Sr₂Nb₂O₇ and at the super-lattice phase transition of T_SL (=443 K) on Sr₂Ta₂O₇; the transition enthalpies and the transition entropies were estimated. Furthermore, a small heat anomaly was observed at the low temperature ferroelectric phase transition of T_LOW (=95 K) on Sr₂Nb₂O₇. The transition temperature T_LOW decreases with increasing Ba content x and it vanishes for samples of x>2%.