基于模糊支持向量机和D-S证据理论的钨矿石初选方法

单一特征识别的钨矿石初选准确率低,稳定性差,本文提出结合模糊支持向量机和D-S证据理论相的多特征钨矿石识别方法.对矿石图像预处理后,分别提取矿石的颜色、灰度和纹理等3类视觉特征,对这3类视觉特征进行模糊分类得到各自的信任度,再以这3类信任度为独立证据,采用D-S证据理论对3类证据进行融合,并依据分类判决规则得到最终的识别结果.试验结果表明,通过D-S理论对模糊向量机证据的融合,钨矿石初选的正确识别率达到96%以上,其准确率和稳定性较单一特征均有大幅度提高,满足生产过程中初选工艺的要求.     

基于证据可信度的D-S理论协作频谱感知方法

D-S证据理论频谱感知算法中,针对当协作用户数增加时所引起的报告数据量迅速增大、带宽开销增加问题,将本地测量统计量中不确定度分配到确定信息中,减少了向融合中心发送的数据量,有效降低了带宽开销。其次,针对高冲突数据对D-S证据理论融合结果影响大的问题,通过评估每个证据的可信度,将可信度作为权重来计算加权平均证据,降低了高冲突证据对融合结果的影响。仿真结果表明,所提方法在有效降低了报告带宽开销的同时,能够减少高冲突证据对融合结果的影响。     

基于证据理论的小波萎缩图像去噪

提出了一种基于D-S证据理论的小波萎缩图像去噪方法。对含噪图像进行离散平稳小波变换后,运用Bayes方法分得各层高频子带的小波萎缩系数,根据小波萎缩系数的空间及层间相关性,利用D-S证据理论的合成法则对初始小波萎缩系数进行融合修正。实验结果表明,该方法在有效地去除图像中的噪声的同时,还能较好地保留图像的边缘信息。算法在性能指标和视觉质量上均优于Donoho的小波软阈值去噪方法、传统的中值滤波法和Winner滤波法。     

基于选择判据和贴近度的D-S证据融合方法

针对传统D-S证据理论难以融合高度冲突证据的问题,并考虑到证据正常时Dempster规则具有优越的聚焦性能,提出了一种基于选择判据和贴近度的证据融合方法。把贴近度概念引入到D-S证据合成中,通过证据的一致性度量来计算证据的权重,从而实现了冲突证据的加权融合。同时提出了证据修正的选择判据,将证据分成冲突与非冲突两类,对冲突的证据进行修正后再进行合成,而非冲突证据可直接进行合成。通过实例验证表明,所提出的方法不但保持了Dempster规则优越的信息聚焦性能,而且较好的解决了冲突证据的合成问题。     

基于联合变换相关器的Dempster-Shafer理论计算

提出了用联合变换相关器(JTC)来实现证据理论概率分配函数正交和的光学计算,在理论上对于如何用联合变像相关器实现证据理论分配函数正交和作了详细的讨论,并作了相应的仿真测试,结果显示该方法是可行的。与John Caulfield提出的用声光器件矢量外积实现的正交和计算相比,在该结构中由于采用二进制编码的数值计算,因此其计算精度得到了提高,同时对联合变换相关器输入端二进制编码的数值空间位置的适当调整可以直接得到所需要的证据理论正交和矢量,在处理步骤上得到了简化。     

基于改进证据推理规则的变压器故障诊断

为克服已有证据推理规则处理冲突证据时收敛慢甚至不收敛的缺陷,提出了一种按相关性对证据进行修正及对冲突信息合理分配的改进证据推理规则,并将其应用于变压器故障诊断。数值算例表明,改进证据推理规则可以充分利用变压器故障诊断中的一致性或冲突性多源故障征兆信息,提高变压器故障诊断的收敛速度,降低故障误判率。     

基于视觉的自主车道路检测技术研究

针对结构化道路检测中基于单一特征的检测易受影响,非结构化道路检测算法对多种类型的非标准道路缺乏适应性的问题,分别提出了一种基于D-S证据理论的多视觉特征融合的车道线检测方法和一种基于增量模糊支持向量机(IFSVM)的非结构化道路在线学习检测方法。选取梯度幅度等检测算子分别设计基本概率分配函数,根据建立的分段线性道路模型进行求解,FSVM分类器通过从前先的检测结果中学习,在耗费少量计算时间与内存空间的情况下,不断再训练以增强分类器的性能。实验结果表明,该算法比单纯利用图像的边缘或颜色等特征进行道路检测具有更高的可靠性,对复杂环境下的道路检测具有较强的鲁棒性和较强的抗干扰能力。     

基于DS证据理论和压缩感知的WSN数据融合策略设计

为了降低WSN数据量和延长网络生命周期,设计了一种基于DS证据理论和压缩感知的WSN混合数据融合策略;首先,在分簇协议的基础上引入了基于DS证据理论和压缩感知的混合模型,然后,采用改进的DS对所有簇成员节点的基本信度分配函数进行加权处理,在簇头处采用加权和归一化的信度分配函数计算证据对各命题的支持程度,将支持程度较大的若干命题作为DS融合结果,在此基础上采用压缩感知方法通过构造测量矩阵对融合结果进行稀疏化表示,并在基站处对稀疏信号进行重构;仿真实验表明,文中方法能有效地实现数据融合,且和其他方法相比,具有重构误差较小和网络生命周期较长的优点,具有较大的优越性。     

基于D-S理论的靶压幅度不确定性量化方法

 针对关键参数测试样本数有限的情况下,概率理论、区间分析等方法在对输出靶压幅度进行不确定性定量评价时存在局限性和不合理性,将D-S理论引入到靶压幅度的不确定性量化中,根据小子样测试信息得出不确定性参数的基本信任分配,以信任函数和似然函数构造靶压幅度的上下界概率分布,并以Monte Carlo方法求解。实验和仿真得出了靶压幅度的近似概率分布、置信区间及期望值分布区间等信息,并表明：与传统的概率方法相比,该方法避免了根据小样本测试信息构造概率分布的难题;与区间分析方法相比,该方法可得到更丰富的信息。     

基于D-S理论的靶压幅度不确定性量化方法

针对关键参数测试样本数有限的情况下,概率理论、区间分析等方法在对输出靶压幅度进行不确定性定量评价时存在局限性和不合理性,将D-S理论引入到靶压幅度的不确定性量化中,根据小子样测试信息得出不确定性参数的基本信任分配,以信任函数和似然函数构造靶压幅度的上下界概率分布,并以Monte Carlo方法求解。实验和仿真得出了靶压幅度的近似概率分布、置信区间及期望值分布区间等信息,并表明：与传统的概率方法相比,该方法避免了根据小样本测试信息构造概率分布的难题;与区间分析方法相比,该方法可得到更丰富的信息。     

Gear Fault Diagnosis Method Based on Multi-Sensor Information Fusion and VGG

The gearbox is an important component in the mechanical transmission system and plays a key role in aerospace, wind power and other fields. Gear failure is one of the main causes of gearbox failure, and therefore it is very important to accurately diagnose the type of gear failure under different operating conditions. Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to effectively identify the fault types of gears using traditional methods under complex and changeable working conditions, a fault diagnosis method based on multi-sensor information fusion and Visual Geometry Group (VGG) is proposed. First, the power spectral density is calculated with the raw frequency domain signal collected by multiple sensors before being transformed into a power spectral density energy map after information fusion. Second, the obtained energy map is combined with VGG to obtain the fault diagnosis model of the gear. Finally, two datasets are used to verify the effectiveness and generalization ability of the method. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the method can reach 100% at most on both datasets.     

Fault Diagnosis of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Based on Stacked Denoising Autoencoder

As a complex field-circuit coupling system comprised of electric, magnetic and thermal machines, the permanent magnet synchronous motor of the electric vehicle has various operating conditions and complicated condition environment. There are various forms of failure, and the signs of failure are crossed or overlapped. Randomness, secondary, concurrency and communication characteristics make it difficult to diagnose faults. Meanwhile, the common intelligent diagnosis methods have low accuracy, poor generalization ability and difficulty in processing high-dimensional data. This paper proposes a method of fault feature extraction for motor based on the principle of stacked denoising autoencoder (SDAE) combined with the support vector machine (SVM) classifier. First, the motor signals collected from the experiment were processed, and the input data were randomly damaged by adding noise. Furthermore, according to the experimental results, the network structure of stacked denoising autoencoder was constructed, the optimal learning rate, noise reduction coefficient and the other network parameters were set. Finally, the trained network was used to verify the test samples. Compared with the traditional fault extraction method and single autoencoder method, this method has the advantages of better accuracy, strong generalization ability and easy-to-deal-with high-dimensional data features.     

基于概率盒的电网故障诊断方法研究

针对电网故障信息存在丢失、误动、拒动等不确定性问题,文章采用概率盒理论和支持向量机相结合的方法对电网故障进行诊断,充分利用概率盒在处理不确定问题上的优势。首先利用概率盒对故障录波、电气量等数据建模,然后利用融合规则将得到的多个概率盒进行融合,并提取特征向量。最后,利用支持向量机进行分类,并得出诊断结果。为了验证方法的有效性,采用仿真线路进行概率盒的故障诊断,实验验证该方法合理可行,且有较高的诊断率。     

基于并行禁忌神经网络和DS证据的飞机燃油系统故障诊断

飞机燃油系统是一个由许多相互联系的子系统构成的复杂总体,因而易于发生各类故障,当故障发生时会造成严重影响,为此,设计了一种基于禁忌神经网络和DS证据的飞机燃油系统故障诊断方法;首先,建立了飞机燃油系统的故障诊断模型,然后,建立了3层的BP神经网络故障诊断模型,并采用禁忌优化算法对BP神经网络进行参数优化,得到多个并行诊断的禁忌神经网络,输入样本数据对其训练并利用BP反向传播算法再次调优;最后将测试样本数据输入各禁忌神经网络,并将诊断结果作为证据采用DS证据理论进行融合,得到最终的故障诊断结果;实验结果表明:引入DS证据理论的故障诊断方法能有效克服单一故障诊断方法无法精确诊断故障的不足,诊断精度高,具有较大的优越性。     

A Fault Diagnosis Method Considering Meteorological Factors for Transmission Networks Based on P Systems

Bad meteorological conditions may reduce the reliability of power communication equipment, which can increase the distortion possibility of fault information in the communication process, hence raising its uncertainty and incompleteness. To address the issue, this paper proposes a fault diagnosis method for transmission networks considering meteorological factors. Firstly, a spiking neural P system considering a meteorological living environment and its matrix reasoning algorithm are designed. Secondly, based on the topology structure of the target power transmission network and the action logic of its protection devices, a diagnosis model based on the spiking neural P system considering the meteorological living environment is built for each suspicious fault transmission line. Following this, the action messages of protection devices and corresponding temporal order information are used to obtain initial pulse values of input neurons of the diagnosis model, which are then modified with the gray fuzzy theory. Finally, the matrix reasoning algorithm of each model is executed in a parallel manner to obtain diagnosis results. Experiment results achieved out on IEEE 39-bus system show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.     

基于故障树的地铁屏蔽门故障诊断专家系统的设计

在地铁屏蔽门系统的故障诊断中,传统方法存在效率低、人工负担重等缺陷。为此,设计了基于故障树的故障诊断专家系统。先用屏蔽门的资料构建出扩展故障树,然后使用早期不交化和模块化等方法将其简化成基本故障树,求出最小割集。在故障树的基础上,设计了专家系统的知识获取和表示机制,建立了知识库。在构建推理机时,采用了双向推理、全自动推理、半自动推理、人工回溯等策略,提高了诊断效率和可信度。该系统可与综合监控系统进行接口,能对相关信息进行推理分析,对潜在故障进行预警,对已发生故障进行快速定位和诊断,出具故障报告和处理建议书,并提供故障模拟及培训功能。试用者的反馈意见表明该系统具有较好的实用价值。     

基于噪声滤波的非线性系统故障诊断方法研究

随着复杂系统故障诊断的要求不断增加,非线性滤波技术复杂系统诊断已越来越成为研究的热点与难点问题之一;针对传统的粒子滤波进行系统突变故障诊断的问题,文章提出了一种改进的噪声粒子滤波故障诊断新方法;方法给出了噪声粒子滤波统计模型,通过粒子滤波得到状态估计值,并得到全概率分布信息用于故障检测中;最后通过仿真实验以及数值模拟验证了文章提出的方法在复杂系统故障诊断中是有效的,同时具有较高的精确性。     

A Novel Conflict Management Method Based on Uncertainty of Evidence and Reinforcement Learning for Multi-Sensor Information Fusion

Dempster–Shafer theory (DST), which is widely used in information fusion, can process uncertain information without prior information; however, when the evidence to combine is highly conflicting, it may lead to counter-intuitive results. Moreover, the existing methods are not strong enough to process real-time and online conflicting evidence. In order to solve the above problems, a novel information fusion method is proposed in this paper. The proposed method combines the uncertainty of evidence and reinforcement learning (RL). Specifically, we consider two uncertainty degrees: the uncertainty of the original basic probability assignment (BPA) and the uncertainty of its negation. Then, Deng entropy is used to measure the uncertainty of BPAs. Two uncertainty degrees are considered as the condition of measuring information quality. Then, the adaptive conflict processing is performed by RL and the combination two uncertainty degrees. The next step is to compute Dempster’s combination rule (DCR) to achieve multi-sensor information fusion. Finally, a decision scheme based on correlation coefficient is used to make the decision. The proposed method not only realizes adaptive conflict evidence management, but also improves the accuracy of multi-sensor information fusion and reduces information loss. Numerical examples verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Multi-Sensor Data Fusion Based on 1D-CNN Model

To satisfy the requirements of the end-to-end fault diagnosis of rolling bearings, a hybrid model, based on optimal SWD and 1D-CNN, with the layer of multi-sensor data fusion, is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the BAS optimal algorithm is adopted to obtain the optimal parameters of SWD. After that, the raw signals from different channels of sensors are segmented and preprocessed by the optimal SWD, whose name is BAS-SWD. By which, the sensitive OCs with higher values of spectrum kurtosis are extracted from the raw signals. Subsequently, the improved 1D-CNN model based on VGG-16 is constructed, and the decomposed signals from different channels are fed into the independent convolutional blocks in the model; then, the features extracted from the input signals are fused in the fusion layer. Finally, the fused features are processed by the fully connected layers, and the probability of classification is calculated by the cross-entropy loss function. The result of comparative experiments, based on different datasets, indicates that the proposed model is accurate, effective, and has a good generalization ability.