共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 281 毫秒
1.
Analytical methodologies for aluminium speciation in environmental and biological samples – a review
S.-p. Bi Xiao-di Yang Fu-ping Zhang Xian-long Wang Gong-wei Zou 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2001,370(8):984-996
It is recognized that aluminium (Al) is a potential environmental hazard. Acidic deposition has been linked to increased Al concentrations in natural waters. Elevated levels of Al might have serious consequences for biological communities. Of particular interest is the speciation of Al in aquatic environments, because Al toxicity depends on its forms and concentrations. In this paper, advances in analytical methodologies for Al speciation in environmental and biological samples during the past five years are reviewed. Concerns about the specific problems of Al speciation and highlights of some important methods are elucidated in sections devoted to hybrid techniques (HPLC or FPLC coupled with ET–AAS, ICP– AES, or ICP–MS), flow-injection analysis (FIA), nuclear magnetic resonance (27Al NMR), electrochemical analysis, and computer simulation. More than 130 references are cited. 相似文献
2.
环境与生物体系中铝形态分析技术的新进展 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
铝的形态分析是研究环境和生物体系中铝的毒性、生物有效性和传输机理的关键。从IUPAC2000,72,1453和Analyst2001,126(2)对元素形态概念的最新定义,在过去20年来,形态分析都是依据操作手段来进行“组形态”(group species)分析。然而,随着近5年来分析技术的发展,对铝的形态分析逐步达到了“单形态”(individual species)分析的水平。从以下两个方面对该领域的最新进展进行了评述,即:(1)组形态分析(fractionation):离子交换、电化学分析和流动注射;(2)单形态分析(speciation):联用技术、核磁共振和计算机拟合。 相似文献
3.
Aluminium speciation in environmental samples: a review 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Because of its toxic effects on living beings, Al may represent an environmental hazard, particularly under increased acidic
conditions. Growing environmental concern over the presence of increased Al concentrations in soil solutions and fresh waters
resulted in the development of numerous analytical techniques for the determination of Al species. Al has a very complex chemistry
that is significantly influenced by pH. Different Al species are present in environmental solutions, and many of them are
unstable. Contamination of samples and reagents by extraneous Al represents an additional problem in speciation of Al at trace
concentrations. Due to these reasons quantitative determination of particular chemical forms of Al is still a very difficult
task for analytical chemists. The most important analytical methodologies of the last decade and new trends for the speciation
of Al in environmental samples are comprehensively reviewed here. 相似文献
4.
The biological effects of aluminium have received much attention in recent years. Speciation of Al is of basic relevance as it concerns its reactivity and bioavailability. A differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) procedure is proposed for speciation analysis of Al(III) in natural waters and biological fluids using six catechols (L-dopa, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine, caffeic acid and o-benzenediol) as electroactive ligands. The decrease of the DPV anodic peak current for each catechol ligand is linear with the increase of Al concentration. This speciation analysis idea is based on the measurement of the complexation capacity, namely, different affinities of Al(III) for catechols and organic ligands under two pH conditions. The labile monomeric Al fraction (mainly inorganic aluminium) is determined at pH 4.6, while the total monomeric Al fraction is determined at pH 8.5. The principle for Al(III) speciation analysis by an electrochemical method is discussed. This sensitive and simple fractionation method is successfully applied to the speciation analysis of Al in natural waters and the results agree well with those of Driscoll's method. The speciation analysis of Al in biological fluids is also explored and the results are compared with those obtained by ultrafiltration and dialysis. Compared with other speciation protocols the electrochemical method possesses some remarkable advantages: rapidity, high sensitivity, cheap instrumentation and a simple operation procedure. 相似文献
5.
6.
Speciation information is vital for the understanding of the toxicity, mobility and bioavailability of elements in environmental or biological samples. Hyphenating high resolving power of separation techniques and element-selective detectors provides powerful tools for studying speciation of trace elements in environmental and biological systems. During the last five years several novel hybrid techniques based on capillary electrophoresis (CE) and atomic spectrometry have been developed for speciation analysis and metal-biomolecule interaction study in our laboratory. These techniques include CE on-line coupled with atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS), chip-CE on-line coupled with AFS, CE on-line coupled with flame heated quartz furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (FHF-AAS), and CE on-line coupled with electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). The necessity for the development of these techniques, their interface design, and applications in speciation analysis and metal-biomolecule interaction study are reviewed. The advantages and limitations of the developed hybrid techniques are critically discussed, and further development is also prospected. 相似文献
7.
In recent years, there has been growing interest in the field of mercury speciation analysis. Mercury speciation analysis of water or urine matrices are necessary for solving various environmental, biological or clinical problems. Due to the complexity of sample matrices and the low levels of mercury species, an extraction step, such as liquid-liquid extraction or solid phase cartridge extraction, is required for Hg speciation analysis to isolate and enrich analyte species from sample matrices. As a new experimental configuration, disks or membranes for solid phase extraction (SPE) have been utilized in recent years for the preparation of many different organic and environmental samples. However,the literature survey revealed that solid-phase disk extraction has received little attention in the field of elemental speciation analysis. 相似文献
8.
In solution antimony exists either in the pentavalent or trivalent oxidation state. As Sb(III) is more toxic than Sb(V), it is important to be able to perform a quantitative speciation analysis of Sb's oxidation state. The most commonly applied chromatographic methods used for this redox speciation analysis do, however, often show a low chromatographic Sb recovery when samples of environmental or biological origin are analysed. In this study we explored basal chemistry of antimony and found that formation of macromolecules, presumably oligomeric and polymeric Sb(V) species, is the primary cause of low chromatographic recoveries. A combination of HPLC-ICP-MS, AFFF-ICP-MS and spin-filtration was applied for analysis of model compounds and biological samples. Quantitative chromatographic Sb redox speciation analysis was possible by acidic hydrolysis of the antimony polymers prior to analysis. Sample treatment procedures were studied and the optimum solution was acidic hydrolysis by 1 M HCl in the presence of chelating ligands (EDTA, citrate), which stabilise the trivalent oxidation state of Sb. 相似文献
9.
铝形态分析的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了铝形态分析的意义,环境和生物体系中铝存在的形式,综述了铝形态分析时采用的连续静态浸提法、铝-试铁灵逐时络合比色光度法、酸碱电位滴定、电化学分析、色谱分析、核磁共振及计算机拟合等分析方法(1984—2009年间),引用文献65篇。 相似文献
10.
Emons H 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1996,354(5-6):507-510
Analytical investigations of metals within the present program of the German Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) are briefly introduced. The focus is directed to challenges and opportunities which are provided by an ESB for analytical chemistry. Several aspects of instrumental approaches for environmental analysis, bioindication, speciation, data evaluation and quality assurance are discussed. Illustrative examples of ESB results are presented concerning metal concentrations in biological material, comparison of ecosystems and long-term tendencies. 相似文献
11.
Chai Z Mao X Hu Z Zhang Z Chen C Feng W Hu S Ouyang H 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2002,372(3):407-411
Recent achievements in speciation studies of trace elements in the biological and environmental sciences by nuclear analytical techniques, mainly molecular activation analysis, position-sensitive spectrometry with a variety of exciting sources, and synchronous radiation-based analytical techniques (although radioisotope or enriched stable isotope-based speciation techniques are also used), particularly in our laboratory, are outlined. In this paper the merits and drawbacks of the nuclear analytical techniques are discussed, as are reagent blanks, contamination, and artifacts. 相似文献
12.
金属有机配体分析方法及金属组学研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
环境和生物样品中金属与有机酸、氨基酸、多糖、蛋白质、DNA等形成的金属有机物是一系列生物金属。生物金属中参与金属离子配位的有机配基主要是含氧、硫、氮及磷的功能团。金属组学是整合生物金属中金属有机配体的结合形态及其生理功能活性的新概念。文中介绍了目前常用的金属有机配体的分析方法以及金属组学领域的研究技术,并展望了重金属富集和超积累植物的研究前景。 相似文献
13.
Wei-Chang Tseng Keng-Chang Hsu Christopher Stephen Shiea Yeou-Lih Huang 《Analytica chimica acta》2015
Trace element speciation in biomedical and environmental science has gained increasing attention over the past decade as researchers have begun to realize its importance in toxicological studies. Several nanomaterials, including titanium dioxide nanoparticles (nano-TiO2), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), have been used as sorbents to separate and preconcentrate trace element species prior to detection through mass spectrometry or optical spectroscopy. Recently, these nanomaterial-based speciation techniques have been integrated with microfluidics to minimize sample and reagent consumption and simplify analyses. This review provides a critical look into the present state and recent applications of nanomaterial-based microanalytical systems in the speciation of trace elements. The adsorption and preconcentration efficiencies, sample volume requirements, and detection limits of these nanomaterial-based speciation techniques are detailed, and their applications in environmental and biological analyses are discussed. Current perspectives and future trends into the increasing use of nanomaterial-based microfluidic techniques for trace element speciation are highlighted. 相似文献
14.
15.
16.
17.
Quevauviller P 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》1996,354(5-6):515-520
The concern for the control of toxic chemical forms of elements in the environment is reflected by an increasing number of analyses performed by research and routine laboratories. The European Commission has recognised the need to include some of these species in the list of dangerous substances to be monitored, e.g. in the marine environment or in groundwater. However, in most cases, the specifications are far from being sufficient in respect to the chemical forms of the element to be determined. Furthermore, these determinations are in most cases based on multi-step analytical techniques which are often prone to errors (e.g. at the extraction, derivatization or separation steps). Certified reference materials (CRMs) certified for their content in chemical forms of elements are, therefore, necessary to ensure the accuracy of these measurements and hence the respect of the regulations. However, the lack of CRMs for speciation analysis hampers the quality control of determinations which in turn leads to an incomparability of data produced; so far the number of CRMs produced by international organisations, e.g. NIST (USA), NIES (Japan), NRCC (Canada) and BCR (Belgium), is very limited and concerns mainly compounds such as e.g. methyl-mercury and butyltin compounds in biological matrices or sediments. The Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (formerly BCR) of the European Commission has started a series of projects for the improvement of speciation analysis in environmental matrices, the final aim of which being the production of a variety of environmental CRMs. The existing EU legislation involving chemical forms of elements is presented, the requirements for the preparation of CRMs for speciation analysis are discussed and an update of the most recent CRMs produced within the Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (SM&T) is given. 相似文献
18.
P. Quevauviller 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1996,354(5-6):515-520
The concern for the control of toxic chemical forms of elements in the environment is reflected by an increasing number of analyses performed by research and routine laboratories. The European Commission has recognised the need to include some of these species in the list of dangerous substances to be monitored, e.g. in the marine environment or in groundwater. However, in most cases, the specifications are far from being sufficient in respect to the chemical forms of the element to be determined. Furthermore, these determinations are in most cases based on multi-step analytical techniques which are often prone to errors (e.g. at the extraction, derivatization or separation steps). Certified reference materials (CRMs) certified for their content in chemical forms of elements are, therefore, necessary to ensure the accuracy of these measurements and hence the respect of the regulations. However, the lack of CRMs for speciation analysis hampers the quality control of determinations which in turn leads to an incomparability of data produced; so far the number of CRMs produced by international organisations, e.g. NIST (USA), NIES (Japan), NRCC (Canada) and BCR (Belgium), is very limited and concerns mainly compounds such as e.g. methyl-mercury and butyltin compounds in biological matrices or sediments. The Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (formerly BCR) of the European Commission has started a series of projects for the improvement of speciation analysis in environmental matrices, the final aim of which being the production of a variety of environmental CRMs. The existing EU legislation involving chemical forms of elements is presented, the requirements for the preparation of CRMs for speciation analysis are discussed and an update of the most recent CRMs produced within the Standards, Measurements and Testing Programme (SM&T) is given. 相似文献
19.
Philip E. Gardiner 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1993,345(2-4):287-290
Summary The role that information on chemical speciation can play in the selection of reference materials for the analysis of biological and environmental samples is reviewed. Some considerations that might go into the preparation of materials designed for chemical speciation studies are explored. Individual steps in the preparation of lyophilized serum and urine reference materials are examined in relation to changes that could occur in the chemical speciation of trace elements. 相似文献
20.
Arsenic speciation analysis 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nearly two dozen arsenic species are present in the environmental and biological systems. Differences in their toxicity, biochemical and environmental behaviors require the determination of these individual arsenic species. Considerable analytical progresses have been made toward arsenic speciation analysis over the last decade. Hyphenated techniques involving a highly efficient separation and a highly sensitive detection have become the techniques of choice. Methods based on high-performance liquid chromatography separation with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, hydride generation atomic spectrometry, and electrospray mass spectrometry detection have been shown most useful for arsenic speciation in environmental and biological matrices. These hyphenated techniques have resulted in the determination of new arsenic species, contributing to a better understanding of arsenic metabolism and biogeochemical cycling. Methods for extracting arsenic species from solid samples and for stabilizing arsenic species in solutions are required for obtaining reliable arsenic speciation information. 相似文献