硝酸铕与1,8-萘啶氮氧化物的荧光固态配合物的合成及性质

1,8-萘啶氮氧化物用于金属离子配合物的合成至今尚未见报道。有资料介绍铕(Ⅲ)与芳香胺及其氮氧化物的配合物具有荧光,因而合成销(Ⅲ)与1,8-萘啶氮氧化物的配合物是有意义的。我们首次制得了这一新类型的荧光固态配合物。通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、荧光光谱、摩尔电导及x光粉末衍射等测定,对新化合物进行了鉴定。     

由氯化钠制硝酸钠的转化法研究

我国硝石矿很少,硝酸钠主要靠合成法生产,即用纯碱(或烧碱)溶液吸收硝酸“尾气”而得:     

硝酸钬水合物热分解及配位性质的研究

文献报道了Ho(NO_3)_3·5H_2O和Ho(NO_3)_3·(?)H_2O的热分解行为,但Ho(NO_3)_3·5H_2O脱水机理不清,Ho(NO_3)_3·4H_2O按文献[1]不能制出。六水、三水合物的热分解及与DMF的配位作用未见报道。     

An investigation of strontium nitrite and its role in the ageing of the magnesium-strontium nitrate pyrotechnic system using isothermal microcalorimetry and thermal analysis techniques

A sample of strontium nitrite has been synthesised and thermally characterised to investigate its role in the ageing of magnesium-strontium nitrate pyrotechnic compositions in the presence of water vapour. Studies by isothermal microcalorimetry show that the addition of strontium nitrite to a 50% magnesium-50% strontium nitrate composition eliminated the induction reaction normally observed in closed ampoule studies in air at 50 °C and relative humidities in the range 65-69%.     

硝酸钕水合物热分解机理及脱水过程动力学的研究

本文采用TG-DTG法研究了Nd(NO)·nHO(n=6,5,4)的热分解行为,并通过IR对反应物、中间产物和最终产物进行了鉴别。发现中间产物有低水合物、无水盐和碱式盐,最终产物是氧化钕。另外,还进行了上述样品某些脱水过程的动力学研究,借助不同升温速率下的TG-DTG曲线,应用Kissinger法计算了它们脱水的表观活化能值,并利用DSC求出了它们的脱水焓值。     

甲酸存在下硝酸根在二氧化钛表面光催化还原成氨

用甲酸作空穴清除剂,研究了ＴｉＯ２水悬浮体系中硝酸根光催化还原氨的反应。与草酸作空穴清除剂相比,甲酸加速硝酸根的还原更显著。研究了硝酸根和甲酸根的浓度效应及ｐＨ效应。实验结果表明,硝酸根在ＴｉＯ２表面的吸附是加附是加速该光催化还原反应的重要因素。     

紫外分光光度法测定蔬菜鲜样中的硝酸盐

建立了紫外分光光度法测定蔬菜鲜样中硝酸盐含量的方法，经t检验证明，该方法的测定结果与酚二磺酸法无显著性差异，RSD小于4．5％，方法操作简便，适用于蔬菜中硝酸盐含量的测定。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定硝酸银中的痕量杂质铅和铋

硝酸银是感光材料工业的基本原材料之一,其纯度对感光材料的质量有不容忽视的影响。铅和铋是公认的减感元素,弄清它们在硝酸银中的含量,并设法在生产过程中将它们控制在一定的范围以内,对感光工业是极为重要的。国外各大感光胶片厂家对硝酸银中杂质的含量,都有严格的内控标准,但分析方法一般不公开发表。     

PHOTOLYSIS OF NITRATE ESTERS—II. SOLUTION PHOTOLYSIS OF ARALKYL NITRATE ESTERS: KINETICS, ESR SPECTRA, AND PHOTOPRODUCTS

Abstract— Irradiation of benzyl nitrate, meso- and dl-hydrobenzoin dinitrates, and cis- and trans -1,2-acenaphthenediol dinitrates in benzene solutions 0.02M in nitrato groups at 265–313 mp decomposed the esters with a quantum yield of 0.4±0.2 in reasonable agreement with earlier work on the gas-phase photolysis of ethyl nitrate. An important primary process was ArRCHONO₂+h v ArRCHO +NO₂, although ArRCHONO₂+h v ArRCHONO + O was not excluded. In secondary reactions solvent benzene was oxidized and nitrated, aldehydes were formed from the nitrate esters, and nitric oxide was evolved. The higher quantum yields of the photodecomposition in ethanol (0.8±0.3) and ether (3±1) solutions were interpreted in terms of a charge-transfer state similar to that found with nitroalkanes in these solvents. Acetaldehyde was produced in a rapid secondary reaction in alcohol solutions at 25° and at 77° K, NO₂ was identified as an intermediate from the ESR spectrum. No stereospecificity was detected in a comparison of rates, photoproducts, and ESR spectra for the stereoisomers. The overall results indicated inter- rather than intramolecular migration of oxy-nitrogen groups in secondary reactions. An apparently new, long-lived, oxynitrogen radical was detected in benzene solutions of nitric oxide and nitrate esters irradiated at 25°.     

硝酸钕和钐的水合物在水中溶解热的测定

本文用补偿式数字量热计测定了六水、四水硝酸钕和六水、五水硝酸钐298.15K时在水中的溶解热,求得了它们的标准生成热、相应的标准脱水焓和晶格能。     

Studies on the ageing of a magnesium-strontium nitrate pyrotechnic composition using isothermal microcalorimetry and thermal analysis techniques

The ageing behaviour of a pyrotechnic composition containing equal parts by mass of magnesium and strontium nitrate has been followed by isothermal microcalorimetry. The measurements were carried out on the samples at 50 °C and 65% relative humidity in air using closed ampoules. The results have been compared to those obtained for magnesium powder under the same conditions. Following an initial induction period, the pyrotechnic compositions reacted at a much faster rate than magnesium powder alone. The main reaction products were found to be magnesium hydroxide and strontium nitrite; the amounts formed have been correlated with the cumulative heats of ageing. In addition, the influence of the ageing process on the pyrotechnic reaction has been studied by high temperature differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and by modulated temperature DSC.     

硝酸铀酰与缩二脲的固体配合物的合成及性质

在无水乙醇溶剂中合成出硝酸铀酰与缩二脲的固体配合物UO₂(BuH₂)₄(NO₃)₂,并对其红外光谱、热谱、x-射线粉末衍射及电导等性质进行了研究。     

稀土离子与硫氰酸根及硝酸根的络合作用

在25℃下,以2MNaClO₄维持水相的离子强度恒定,用离子交换法测定了除Ce和Pm以外的镧系元素及钇与CNS^-和NO₃^-的络合作用。用北京大学6912计算机处理了实验数据。结果表明:(1)RE³⁺与CNS^-的络合作用不大,当[CNS^-]≤1.5M时,主要以RECNS²⁺,RE(CNS)₂⁺及RE(CNS)₃三种络合物形式存在;镧系元素与CNS^-的络合度Y₍₁₎随原子序数Z的增大,总的趋向是增大,钇的Y₍₁₎值为最小。(2)RE²⁺与NO₂⁺的络合作用较弱,当[NO₂⁺]≤1.5M时,主要的络合物是RENO₃²⁺;各镧系元素与NO₃^-的Y₍₁₎随Z的增大,总的趋向是减小,钇的Y₍₁₎值最小。(3)在本实验中,稀土络合离子在树脂上的吸附量是可以忽略不计的。     

硝酸脲中酰胺态氮及总氮含量测定的研究

对硝酸脲中酰胺态氮及总氮含量进行测定。以甲醛－硫酸法分析硝酸脲中酰胺态氮时，发现酰胺态氮的含量总是与理论值相关差将近1倍。文中解释了造成这一结果的原因。并找到了导致这种结果的定量关系。从反应温度，时间等方面进行多次试验，找到了适宜的分析条件。     

伯胺N1923萃取AgNO3的性能及机理的研究

本文研究了伯胺N₁₉₂₃萃取AgNO₃的性能及不同因素对其分配比的影响,通过多种方法确定其萃合物的组成为[Ag(RNH₂)₂]NO₃;测定并计算出该反应的表观平衡常数及热力学函数,同时分析了萃合物的红外及核磁共振谱。     

β-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)-硝酸乙酯的合成及聚合

<正> 作者曾报道了2-硝基乙基缩水甘油醚的合成及其聚合,制得距主链较远的侧链带单硝基的端羟基聚醚。上述单体与四氢呋喃的共聚物用甲苯二异氰酸酯和甘油交联后所得胶片玻璃化温度-32℃。为了进一步改进低温性能,本文研究了一种新的带硝酸酯基的三元环醚单体β-(2,3-环氧丙氧基)-硝酸乙酯的合成及其聚合。单体的合成路线如下:     

Transport of strontium cation through a hollow fiber supported dichlorobenzene membrane using 18-C-6 crown ether,nitrate and anion of dinonylnaphtalen sulfonic acid

The transport of strontium cation through a hollow fiber supported dichlorobenzene membrane using 18-C-6 crown ether, nitrate and anion of dinonylnaphtalen sulfonic acid has been studied. A permeation device-single hollow fiber module with on-line radiometric detection of strontium using⁸⁵Sr tracer was used.     

离子色谱法测定粮食鲜样中的硝酸盐含量

粮食鲜样经超声提取后，用离子色谱法测定浸提液中的硝酸盐。采用DX-100型离子色谱仪．以2．7mmol／L Na2CO3—0．3mmol／LNaHCO3的混合溶液作为淋洗液，流速为1．2mL／min，测定玉米、大豆、小麦中的NO3^-含量。NO3^-浓度在0．5—40．0mg／L范围内与色谱峰高呈良好的线性关系，相关系数r=0．9995，检出限为0．05mg／L，测定结果的相对标准偏差小于5％．加标回收率为96．0％-100．7％。     

Detection of inorganic ions from water by electrospray ionization-ion mobility spectrometry

The results from this study illustrate the first time electrospray ionization-ion mobility spectrometry (ESI-IMS) has been used to separate inorganic cations in aqueous solutions. Using ESI-IMS nine inorganic cation solutions were analyzed. Counter ions affected both the sensitivity and the identity of the response ions. Aluminum sulfate, lanthanum chloride, strontium chloride, uranyl acetate, uranyl nitrate, and zinc sulfate produced spectra containing a single response ion. Aluminum nitrate and zinc acetate solutions produced multiple ion peaks, which increased the detection limits and the difficulty of identification. Cation detection limits ranged from 0.16 to 13 ng μl⁻¹ depending on the solution studied. The identities of the ion species detected were unconfirmed, but mass spectrometry literature suggested the detection of positively charged cation-solvent or cation-solvent-anion complexes. Finally, cations from strontium and lanthanum chloride solutions were separated with a resolution of 2.2. The results from this study suggest that ESI-IMS has potential as a field technique for the detection of metal cations and their complexes in the environment.     

Vibrational spectral analysis of L-lysine L-lysinium dichloride nitrate

The infrared and Raman spectra of l-lysine l-lysinium dichloride nitrate were recorded at room temperature and the vibrational assignments of the observed bands were made. The presence of both the carbonyl and ionized carboxylic groups has been identified in the title complex. The lysine and lysinium residues form a dimer through a strong OHO bond between them in the crystal. This together with the different environments has seen by the four –CH₂– groups in each skeleton cause several of the functional group wavenumbers to occur as doublets or as broad bands. Some of the forbidden modes of the nitrate group have been observed. The extensive intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the crystal was identified by the shifting of bands due to the stretching and bending modes of the various functional groups.