聚对二氧环己酮/聚乙二醇两亲性聚合物共网络的合成与表征

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂,季戊四醇(PTOL)为引发剂,引发对二氧环己酮(PDO)单体开环聚合,合成了以PTOL为核的四臂聚对二氧环己酮(4s-PPDO).通过直接将4s-PPDO预聚物和聚乙二醇(PEG)于熔点以上、惰性气体保护下与偶联剂甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)交联共聚得到聚对二氧环己酮/聚乙二醇(PPDO-b-PEG)两亲性共网络聚合物(PPDO-PEG APCNs).研究了两亲性聚合物共网络结构、配比组成、溶剂种类等对聚合物溶胀率的影响,结果表明APCNs在不同类型的溶剂中表现出不同的溶胀行为,可以通过调节偶联剂的用量及PPDO/PEG的投料比来满足不同的实际需求.通过示差扫描量热分析(DSC)详细研究APCNs的结晶性能,证实交联反应降低APCNs的结晶度和结晶尺寸.     

异丙醇镧引发对二氧环己酮开环聚合

脂肪族聚酯聚对二氧环己酮(PPDO)以其优异的生物降解性、生物相容性、生物可吸收性以及优异的柔韧性,成功应用于医用材料和环境材料领域。目前已有的PDO引发体系如辛酸亚锡,存在聚合速率慢、单体转化率不高等缺点。有机稀土类引发剂是目前倍受关注的一类活性很高的配位聚合引发剂,已经被成功应用于聚乳酸、聚己内酯等脂肪族聚酯的开环聚合中,具有反应速率快、单体转化率高、聚合物分子量分布窄等优点。本文将稀土类引发剂异丙醇镧(La(O^iPr)3)应用到PDO的开环聚合中,取得了较好的结果。     

聚乙烯亚胺接枝聚对二氧环己酮的合成与表征

以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为大分子引发剂,辛酸亚锡为催化剂,引发对二氧环己酮(PDO)单体开环聚合,通过graft from法制备了聚乙烯亚胺接枝聚对二氧环己酮接枝共聚物(PEI-g-PPDO).通过FTIR、1H-NMR、1H-13C-HMQC等对共聚物的分子结构进行了表征.共聚产物的接枝链长度、亲疏水链段含量等可以通过反应物中单体的含量进行有效调控;用DSC对共聚物的热性能和结晶性能研究表明,接枝链段长度越大、PPDO链段含量越高,共聚物的结晶性能也越好.采用芘探针法初步研究了共聚物在水中的胶束化行为,PEI-g-PPDO接枝共聚物在水中可以形成较稳定的聚集体.     

丙烯酰胺在离子液体中的原子转移自由基聚合

在1-丁基-3-甲基咪唑四氟硼酸盐离子液体中以氯化苄为引发剂,氯化亚铜/2,2’-联吡啶为催化剂成功实现了丙烯酰胺的原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)。用IR对聚合物的结构进行了表征,证实聚合物链端具有-Cl端基。考察了引发剂用量、催化剂和配体用量、单体用量和反应时间等因素对丙烯酰胺在离子液体中的原子转移自由基聚合的影响,结果表明,反应时间为1.5 h时转化率达到31.43%,M_n^GPC=4451,M_w/M_n=1.38。且80 ℃下丙烯酰胺在离子液体中的最佳聚合工艺条件为：单体浓度3 mol/L,引发剂浓度0.010 mol/L,催化剂浓度0.015 mol/L,反应时间1 h。     

扩链法制备高分子量聚对二氧环己酮的研究

以辛酸亚锡为催化剂对对二氧环己酮单体(PDO)开环聚合合成聚对二氧环己酮(PPDO),在聚合的后期,用1,6-六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为扩链剂进行扩链反应.研究了扩链剂用量对扩链反应的影响,加入相对于PPDO用量的0.78 wt%的HDI就能得到粘均分子量为2.35×105的PPDO.在分子量相近的情况下,扩链后产物的热稳定性和玻璃化转变温度均比未扩链的高,扩链前后的晶型没有发生变化,但结晶度大幅度降低,拉伸性能变化不大.     

PNIPAM-b-聚碳酸酯温敏胶束的制备及用作药物控制释放载体的研究

以多孔硅球固定化猪胰脂肪酶(IPPL)为催化剂,温敏性HO-PNIPAM为大分子引发剂,5-甲基-5-烯丙氧羰基-三亚甲基碳酸酯(MAC)和5,5-二甲基三亚甲基碳酸酯(DTC)为共聚单体,通过开环聚合合成了不同结构比例的两亲性嵌段型共聚物P(MAC-co-DTC) -b-PNIPAM.该嵌段型共聚物在水中可自组装形成...     

一种新的活性自由基聚合:单电子转移-活性自由基聚合

介绍了一种新的活性自由基聚合-单电子转移活性自由基聚合(SET-LRP)。SET-LRP的机理是基于Cu(I)在某些溶剂中的歧化反应和Cu(0)通过外层电子转移(OSET)使引发剂R-X生成自由基离子[R-X].-,自由基离子通过异裂生成自由基R.,从而引发单体进行聚合。讨论了引发剂、催化剂、溶剂和配体对SET-LRP的影响。通过与原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP)的对比,表明用于ATRP的引发剂也能广泛应用于SET-LRP,而用于SET-LRP的配体必须是能使络合物高度不稳定、能够使Cu(I)迅速发生歧化反应的配体;通过比较还显示出SET-LRP巨大的优越性:单体适应范围广、反应速率快、反应条件简单、催化剂容易脱除、反应产物没有颜色变化。总之,SET-LRP将有其广阔的应用前景。     

以双硫酯为链转移剂的活性自由基聚合

合成并研究了两种双硫酯链转移剂的纯化方法 ,进行了多种单体以双硫酯为链转移剂的活性自由基聚合及嵌段共聚 .发现以PhC(S)SC(CH3) 2 Ph为链转移剂的效果比PhC(S)SCH(CH3)Ph好 ,聚合产物的多分散性系数较小 .引发剂与链转移剂的摩尔数比为 1∶3 5～ 1∶4 2时 ,得到多分散性系数小 ,实测分子量与理论分子量相近的聚合产物 .聚合物的分子量随时间和转化率的增加而增加 ,加入第二单体形成嵌段共聚物 ,具有活性聚合特征 .聚甲基丙烯酸酯大分子引发剂引发丙烯酸酯单体聚合时 ,聚合速度最快 .     

甲基咪唑乙酸盐介质中CuBr催化的MMA活性聚合

以甲基咪唑乙酸盐为聚合介质、α-溴代异丁酸乙酯/溴化亚铜为引发体系,研究了甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)的原子转移自由基聚合(ATRP).结果表明:MMA的聚合具有活性自由基聚合的特征.聚合体系中的引发剂和催化剂CuBr比例分别为0.33:1、1:1和1:3时,聚合体系具有活性可控的特征,所得的PMMA分子量分布较窄Mw/Mn＜1.26,体系的引发效率随着引发剂浓度的增加而降低.     

聚2-丙烯酰氧乙基二茂铁甲酸酯的合成及性能

以二茂铁甲酸(FCA)和2-羟乙基丙烯酸酯(HEA)为反应物、以二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC)为脱水剂、以对二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP)为催化剂通过酯化反应合成并表征了2-丙烯酰氧乙基二茂铁甲酸酯(AEFC).然后以AEFC为单体、3种不同溴代烷为引发剂、溴化亚铜(Cu Br)和2,2-联吡啶(bpy)为催化体系、甲苯为溶剂在100℃下通过ATRP方法合成并表征了聚2-丙烯酰氧乙基二茂铁甲酸酯(PAEFC).这3种引发剂分别为:溴代乙酸乙酯(EBr A)、2-溴丙酸甲酯(2-MBP)和2-溴异丁酸乙酯(EBi B),同时还比较了3种引发剂对聚合物动力学的影响,结果表明EBr A为引发剂时AEFC的聚合过程不是以一个"活性"/可控的方式进行的,而2-MBP和EBi B为引发剂时聚合过程是以一个"活性"/可控的方式进行的,但是2-MBP的可控性较EBi B差.另外还研究了EBi B为引发剂时,EBi B的用量对聚合过程的影响,结果表明[AEFC]∶[EBi B]=100∶1时聚合过程的可控性较高.催化剂的用量对聚合过程的影响研究表明当[AEFC]∶[Cu Br]=100∶2时聚合过程的可控性较高.聚合物的热力学性能表明其有较低熔点160.6℃,热分解焓变为9541 J/g,较高的分解温度200~460℃.     

Rapid synthesis of biodegradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone-co-p-dioxanone) random copolymers under microwave irradiation

<正>Biodegradable poly(epsilon-caprolactone-co-p-dioxanone)(PCDO) random copolymers have been synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of epsilon-caprolactone(CL) and p-dioxanone(PDO) under microwave irradiation.The effects of irradiation time and different CL/PDO molar feed ratios on the microwave-assisted ring-opening polymerization(MROP) of PCDO have been discussed.The resultant products were characterized by ~1H NMR,GPC and DSC.It was found that the polymerization was completed within 20 min at 140℃.In the presence of different CL/PDO molar feed ratios,the conversions of both monomers were kept relatively constant.DSC sturdy suggested that with increasing the content of PDO in the copolymers,the crystalline degree of the copolymers decreased gradually.It is believed to be a promising biodegradable material.     

Novel Terpolymers of Poly(p-dioxanone-co-trimethylene carbonate-co-Lphenylalanine): Synthesis,Characterization, Thermal Properties and Copolymerization Mechanism

In order to exploit the biological functions of materials, a series of new random terpolymers were synthesized by the ring-opening polymerization of p-dioxanone, trimethylene carbonate, and L-phenylalanine N-carboxyanhydride(L-PheNCA) in the presence of stannous octoate. The terpolymers were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FTIR, and gel permeation chromatography. The effects of the reactant ratio, catalyst dosage, reaction temperature and time on the copolymerization were investigated, and were found to regulate the composition of the terpolymer. Increases in the reaction temperature, polymerization time, L-Phe-NCA monomer amount, and catalyst content generated a product with a slightly decreased molecular weight. The crystallinity of the terpolymer was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and polarized optical microscopy. A reasonable mechanism for the polymerization was proposed based on the obtained results.     

RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF 1,4-DIOXAN-2-ONE INITIATED BY LANTHANUM TRIS( 2,6-DI- TERT-B UTYL-4-METHYLPHENOLATE)

The ring-opening polymerization of 1,4-dioxan-2-one (PDO) was carried out by lanthanum tris(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenolate) (La(OAr)3) as novel single component initiator. The influences of polymerization reaction temperature and the molar ratio of monomer to initiator on the monomer conversion and molecular weight of poly(1,4-dioxan-2-one) (PPDO) were explored. PPDO with high viscosity average molecular weight of 1.95 × 105 can be prepared at 40℃ when [PDO]/ [La(OAr)3] molar ratio was 800. Mechanism investigation shows that the polymerization proceeds through a "coordinationinsertion" mechanism with selective rupture of acyl-oxygen bond of PDO.     

RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF 1,4-DIOXAN-2-ONE INITIATED BY LANTHANUM TRIS（ 2,6-DI-TERT-BUTYL-4-METHYLPHENOLATE）

The ring-opening polymerization of 1,4-dioxan-2-one （PDO） was carried out by lanthanum tris（2,6-di-tert-butyl-4- methylphenolate） （La（OAr）3） as novel single component initiaLor. The influences of polymerization reaction temperature and the molar ratio of monomer to initiator on the monomer conversion and molecular weight of poly（1,4-dioxan-2-one） （PPDO） were explored. PPDO with high viscosity average molecular weight of 1.95×10^5 can be prepared at 40℃ when [PDO]/ [La（OAr）3] molar ratio was 800. Mechanism investigation shows that the polymerization proceeds through a ＂coordination- insertion＂ mechanism with selective rupture of acyl-oxygen be,nd of PDO.     

Synthesis of novel copolymer：Poly(p-dioxanone-co-L-phenylalanine)

In order to expand the application of poly(p-dioxanone) or PPDO in biomedical area,a series of novel copolymers were synthesized successfully by one-step,melted copolymerization of p-dioxanone(PDO) and L-phenylalanine N-carboxyanhydride(L-Phe-NCA) monomers.With the in-feed molar ratio of L-PheNCA /PDO equal to 1/20,the conversions of the two kinds of monomers were calculated from ~1H NMR. The average molecular weight and polydispersity of the copolymer increase with the increasing reaction time and catalyst concentration.However,the conversions of the two kinds of monomers did not change with the reaction conditions.A three-step mechanism is presented and proved by high resolution ~1H NMR and IR spectrums.     

双端羟基预聚物扩链制备高分子量聚对二氧环己酮

以1,4-丁二醇(BD)为引发剂, 辛酸亚锡为催化剂, 引发对二氧环己酮(PDO)开环聚合, 得到双端羟基型聚对二氧环己酮预聚物, 再以六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为扩链剂制备高分子量的聚对二氧环己酮. 采用核磁共振谱对预聚物和扩链产物的结构进行了确认, 并详细考察了各种因素对扩链反应的影响. 研究结果表明, 加入适量的HDI, 于150 ℃反应60 min, 扩链效率在预聚物基础上可提高52倍, 而扩链产物的粘均分子量可达到25.7×104 g/mol.     

Design, synthesis and characterization of novel biodegradable macrodiols based on poly（DL-lactic acid） and poly（p-dioxanone）

Integrating poly(lactic acid)(PLA),glycolic acid(GA) and ethylene glycol(EG) will hopefully result in a novel copolymer that combines such advantages as fastened and controllable release rate and improved flexibility together with good biocompatibility.In this study,p-dioxanone(PDO) was employed to copolymerize with DL-lactide(LA) via ring-opening melt polymerization using Sn(Oct)_2 as an initiator and ethylene glycol as a co-initiator.The obtained degradable macrodiols(HO-P(LA-co-PDO)-OH) were just such...     

SINGLE LANTHANUM TRIS(N-PHENYLETHYL-3,5-DI-t-BUTYLSALICYLALDIMINATO)S INITIATOR FOR RING-OPENING POLYMERIZATION OF 1,4-DIOXAN-2-ONE IN BULK

A rare earth Schiff base complex:lanthanum tris(N-phenylethyl-3,5-di-t-butylsalicylaldiminato)s [La(OPEBS)_3] was successfully applied as single component initiator for the ring-opening polymerization of 1,4-dioxan-2-one (PDO) in bulk.The influence of reaction conditions,such as polymerization temperature,the molar ratio of the monomer to initiator (M/I) on the monomer conversion and molecular weight of the polymer has been investigated.Poly(1,4-dioxan-2-one) with a viscosity-average molecular weight (My...