吴茱萸中吴茱萸次碱与吴茱萸碱含量的超临界流体色谱法测定

建立了超临界流体色谱法分离测定吴茱萸中吴茱萸次碱和吴茱萸碱含量的方法,并研究了其影响因素。使用Kromasil Slica填充柱,流动相为含13%甲醇的CO2,流速2.0 mL.min-1,柱温60℃,背压2.0×107Pa,检测波长225 nm,测得吴茱萸次碱和吴茱萸碱的线性范围分别为0.33~8.25μg(r=0.999 3)、0.68~17μg(r=0.999 8),平均加标回收率均为100%。与传统方法相比,超临界流体色谱可在简单的流动相条件下对吴茱萸中的吴茱萸次碱和吴茱萸碱进行良好分离。     

超临界流体色谱法快速定量分析吴茱萸中的吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱

采用超临界流体色谱（SFC）对吴茱萸中的吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱进行快速定量分析。通过优化后的超临界流体萃取（SFE）条件得到目标生物碱,利用优化后的SFC方法在6 min内完成目标生物碱的分析,并实现了吴茱萸碱与吴茱萸次碱的基线分离。验证结果表明,SFC方法的线性较好,相关系数（r2）均为0.999 8,精密度良好,相对标准偏差（RSD）均低于0.50%,回收率为102%~109%。吴茱萸碱的检出限和定量下限分别为1.00、3.33 μg/mL,吴茱萸次碱的检出限和定量下限分别为0.95、3.17 μg/mL。应用该方法检测4个产地的10个吴茱萸样品,目标生物碱的总含量依次为2.95% （广东,1）、0.51% （广东,2）、1.27% （贵州,3）、1.00% （湖南,4）、0.93% （湖南,5）、1.81% （江西,6）、0.73% （江西,7）、0.58% （江西,8）、0.41% （江西,9）和0.36% （江西,10）。尽管含量均符合药典要求,但产地差异显著,且同一产地的药材质量也明显不同。此外,将该方法与2020版中国药典方法进行了比较。两种方法的定量结果相似,但SFC的分析时间明显少于药典方法。研究结果表明SFC在中药活性成分定量方面具有潜力。     

反相离子对液相色谱法测定左金丸中盐酸小檗碱和吴茱萸次碱含量

1引言 左金丸是由黄连与吴茱萸组成的中药复方制剂。该药物具有泻火、舒肝、和胃、止痛之功效。方中主药黄连具有清热燥湿、泻火解毒等作用，其主要活性成分为盐酸小檗碱；吴茱萸具有散寒止痛，降逆止呕，助阳止泻等作用，其主要活性成分之一为吴茱萸次碱。2000年版药典标准采用回沉提取结合柱色谱洗脱，并用分光光度法测定盐酸小檗碱，没有监测吴茱萸活性成分的含量。国内已有几篇检测左金丸中盐酸小檗碱含量的文献报道，但是同时检测左金丸中盐酸小檗碱和吴茱萸次碱尚无报道。为了使左金丸的质量控制体系更完善，本实验采用反相液相色谱法建立了同时测定左金丸中上述2种药物主要活性成分的方法。     

液相色谱-电喷雾质谱联用研究不同产地吴茱萸中生物碱成分

采用液相色谱．电喷雾串联质谱分离鉴定了吴茱萸药材中5种生物碱成分。分析比较了不同产地吴茱萸药材中生物碱的种类,同时采用高效液相色谱测定了不同产地药材中吴茱萸次碱的含量。方法简单,快速。灵敏,结果令人满意。     

微乳液相色谱法对吴茱萸中辛弗林、吴茱萸碱与吴茱萸次碱含量的测定

构建了一种新的微乳体系,用于微乳液相色潜同时分析吴茱萸药材中的辛弗林、吴茱萸碱和吴茱萸次碱.用甲醇超声提取方法制备样品,通过对表面活性剂种类及浓度、酸度、添加剂等影响因素进行考察,得到最佳微乳体系的组成为:3.0%SDS-6.0%正丁醇-0.6%正辛烷-1.0%甲酸-1.2%乙腈-88.2%水.选择Diamonsil ...     

去氢吴茱萸碱的制备及其生物活性研究进展

去氢吴茱萸碱是中药吴茱萸中的吲哚喹唑啉类生物碱,具有抗阿尔茨海默症、抗肿瘤、抗炎及抗菌等多种生物活性,具有巨大的开发潜力及应用价值。本文对去氢吴茱萸碱的提取分离、合成和生物活性的研究进展进行了综述,并对该化合物及其衍生物的研究方向及应用进行展望,以期为去氢吴茱萸碱及其衍生物的进一步开发利用提供参考。     

吴茱萸次碱衍生物的合成及荧光性质研究

本文设计合成了两个吴茱萸次碱衍生物10-甲氧基吴茱萸次碱和10,11-二甲氧基吴茱萸次碱,并通过IR、NMR、MS和元素分析等手段对化合物的结构进行了表征;研究了它们的紫外和荧光性质,探讨化合物结构、溶剂、浓度对荧光强度的影响,并计算了荧光量子产率。     

吴茱萸次碱的合成进展

系统地总结了吴茱萸次碱的合成方法. 根据构建环的种类不同, 把合成方法分为七类, 大部分方法都是以色胺和邻氨基苯甲酸或其衍生物为起始原料, 步骤较长, 适合工业生产的简便、经济适用的方法还有待于进一步研究探索.     

吴茱萸次碱和喹唑酮类化合物的合成

吴茱萸次碱;喹唑酮;Diels-Alder反应     

吴茱萸碱衍生物的合成与抗弓形虫活性研究

本文以吴茱萸碱为先导化合物,设计合成了8种新型吴茱萸碱衍生物。所有衍生物经过~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、MS和IR进行结构确认,并采用MTT测定法测定所有化合物对宿主细胞(HeLa)的细胞毒性以及对弓形虫感染的HeLa细胞的半数抑制浓度,并计算选择性指数(SI)。所有化合物均表现出较强的抗弓形体作用,其中化合物B1显示出最低的细胞毒性和最强的抗弓形体作用。化合物B1的SI值为1.53,优于阳性对照螺旋霉素、磺胺嘧啶和乙胺嘧啶,以及先导化合物吴茱萸碱。     

Triarylborane-Appended Anils and Boranils: Solid-State Emission,Mechanofluorochromism, and Phosphorescence

Herein, the design, synthesis, optical properties, and mechanofluorochromism characteristics of a series of conjugates having covalently linked triarylborane (TAB) and anil/boranil units (TAB-anil: 1 a – 3 a and TAB-boranil: 1 – 3 ) are reported. The electronic interactions between TAB and anil/boranil in 1 a – 3 a and 1 – 3 were fine-tuned by changing the boryl moiety's position on the phenyl spacer connecting the BMes₂ (Mes=mesityl) and anil/boranil units. A boryl moiety at the meta position ( 1 a ) of the phenyl spacer stabilizes the enolic form (E-OH), whereas a boryl moiety at the para position ( 2 a and 3 a ) stabilizes the keto form (Z-NH) in the solid state. However, in solution 1 a , 2 a , and 3 a exhibit keto–enol tautomerism in both ground and excited states. Compounds 1 a – 3 a and 1 – 3 show red-shifted absorption compared with 4 a and 4 , which are devoid of TAB moieties, which indicate effective participation of an empty p orbital on the boron center in 1 a – 3 a and 1 – 3 . Compounds 1 and 2 showed fluorescence variations in response to external stimuli such as mechanical grinding. Long phosphorescence lifetimes of 18–46 ms were observed for compounds 1 – 3 . The observed optical properties of 1 a – 3 a and 1 – 3 are rationalized in the context of quantum mechanical calculations.     

Synthesis of mono- and symmetrical di-N-hydroxy- and N-aminoguanidines

Novel mono- and symmetrical di-N-hydroxy- and N-aminoguanidines were readily prepared from the reaction of diverse hydroxylamines or hydrazines with reagent classes di(benzotriazol-1-yl)methanimine 6, (bis-benzotriazol-1-yl-methylene)amines 8a,b, benzotriazole-1-carboxamidines 10a-i, benzotriazole-1-carboximidamides 11a,b, and N'-hydroxy-1H-1,2,3-benzotriazole-1-carboximidamide 18. The preparation is described for a variety of N-hydroxy- and N-aminoguanidines with different substitution patterns in good yields.     

Total synthesis and biological evaluation of halipeptins A and D and analogues

The marine-derived halipeptins A (1a) and D (1d) and their analogues 3a, 3d and 4a, 4d were synthesized starting from building blocks 10, 13, 14a or 14d, 15, and 16. The first strategy for assembling the building blocks, involving a macrolactamization reaction to form the 16-membered ring hydroxy thioamide 52d as a precursor, furnished the epi-isoleucine analogue (4d) of halipeptin D, whereas a second approach involving thiazoline formation prior to macrolactamization led to a mixture of halipeptins A (1a) and D (1d) and their analogues 3a, 3d (epimers at the indicated site) and 4a, 4d (epimers at the indicated site). The same route starting with D-Ala resulted in the exclusive formation of the epimeric halipeptin D analogue 3d. The synthesized halipeptins, together with the previously constructed oxazoline analogues 5d and 6d, were subjected to biological evaluation revealing anti-inflammatory properties for 1a, 1d, and 6d while being noncytotoxic against human colon cancer cells (HCT-116).     

两种取代二茂铁基三甲基硅烷基氰醇醚的合成及晶体结构

通过两种取代的乙酰基二茂铁与三甲基氰硅烷的加成反应, 得到两种取代二茂铁基三甲基硅烷基氰醇醚的晶体: 1-(1-氰基-1-三甲基硅烷氧基乙烷基)二茂铁(1), 1,1'-二(1-氰基-1-三甲基硅烷氧基乙烷基)二茂铁(2), 用X射线单晶衍射、元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱对分子结构进行了表征. 测试结果表明: 晶体1属正交晶系, Pbca空间群, a＝1.1995 nm, b＝1.2441 nm, c＝2.2183 nm, Z＝8, R₁＝0.0456, wR₂＝0.0880; 晶体2属正交晶系, Pna2(1)空间群, a＝2.0715 nm, b＝0.6440 nm, c＝1.8411 nm, Z＝4, R₁＝0.0485, wR₂＝0.0866. 晶体结构表明, 分子中都存在超共轭效应.     

Fluorescence Responses of the Protonation and Deprotonation Processes between Phenolate and Phenol within Rosamine

有 pyronine 酚骨骼的二基于 rosamine 的 pH 探针 1a 和 1b 被简单一步舞反应设计并且综合。pH 滴定实验向氢离子在 550-750 nm 附近在在离开上荧光回答附近显示出那探针 1a 和 1b 展览。pK _{探查 1a 的} 是 8.29,当因为氢,探查 1b 的增加到 12.1 时,在它内结合。选择、竞争的实验显示普通离子和氨基酸没介入他们有氢离子的排放。而且,共焦荧光灯成像证明探查 1a 能在 HeLa 和 Ges-1 房间作为线粒体 biomarker 被服务。     

Synthesis and properties of terphenyl- and quaterphenyl-based chiral diesters

A new synthetic approach for the chiral terphenyl- and quaterphenyl-based diesters, bis[(1S)-1-methylheptyl] 1,1′:4′,1″-terphenyl-4,4″-dicarboxylates and bis[(1S)-1-methylheptyl] 1,1′:4′,1″:4″,1″′-quaterphenyl-4,4″′-dicarboxylates, has been developed and optimised. The approach presented allows the synthesis of a range of laterally substituted oligophenyl diesters in good yield. A number of pairs of S,S and R,R isomers have been synthesised and their thermodynamic properties measured. Most of the compounds have very good solubility in a variety of liquid crystalline host mixtures, and moderate helical twisting power, which has been determined for a number of nematic materials, either dielectrically positive or negative. The high birefringence of the oligophenyl core makes them suitable candidates as chiral dopants for medium to highly birefringent nematic materials for generating cholesteric and blue phase materials.     

Syntheses of haptens and hapten-protein conjugates for insecticide propoxur and cyhalothrin

A facile procedure was described for the hapten design of the N-methylcarbamate insecticide propoxur.Two new haptens of propoxur(hapten 1a and hapten 1b) were synthesized by introducing appropriate spacers in the pesticide aromatic moiety of the analyte molecular structure.First,the propoxur reacted with nitric acid to yield the intermediate product.Then hapten 1a was prepared via the reduction of the intermediate product,and hapten 1b was formed by the acylation of hapten 1a with succinic anhydride.In addi...     

Solution self-assembly and adsorption at the air-water interface of the monorhamnose and dirhamnose rhamnolipids and their mixtures

The self-assembly in solution and adsorption at the air-water interface, measured by small-angle neutron scattering, SANS, and neutron reflectivity, NR, of the monorhamnose and dirhamnose rhamnolipids (R1, R2) and their mixtures, are discussed. The production of the deuterium-labeled rhamnolipids (required for the NR studies) from a Pseudomonas aeruginosa culture and their separation into the pure R1 and R2 components is described. At the air-water interface, R1 and R2 exhibit Langmuir-like adsorption isotherms, with saturated area/molecule values of about 60 and 75 ?(2), respectively. In R1/R2 mixtures, there is a strong partitioning of R1 to the surface and R2 competes less favorably because of the steric or packing constraints of the larger R2 dirhamnose headgroup. In dilute solution (<20 mM), R1 and R2 form small globular micelles, L(1), with aggregation numbers of about 50 and 30, respectively. At higher solution concentrations, R1 has a predominantly planar structure, L(α) (unilamellar, ULV, or bilamellar, BLV, vesicles) whereas R2 remains globular, with an aggregation number that increases with increasing surfactant concentration. For R1/R2 mixtures, solutions rich in R2 are predominantly micellar whereas solutions rich in R1 have a more planar structure. At an intermediate composition (60 to 80 mol % R1), there are mixed L(α)/L(1) and L(1)/L(α) regions. However, the higher preferred curvature associated with R2 tends to dominate the mixed R1/R2 microstructure and its associated phase behavior.     

Comparative antioxidant activities and synergism of resveratrol and oxyresveratrol

Resveratrol (1) and oxyresveratrol (2) are phytoalexins with antioxidant activities (AAs) and proposed effects against several pathological processes. The main objective of this study was to provide a novel, comparative assessment of their AAs, and to test for potential synergism in their combined activities, or in combination with another phytochemical antioxidant, curcumin (3). The phytochemicals were tested at 10 μM total concentrations in a heme-based assay that involved, as the final step, quantification of tetramethyl-phenylene-diamine oxidation. Significant AAs were observed for both 1 and 2, 27-33% inhibition of oxidation (p < 0.05 relative to non-phytochemical control). The combination of 1 and 2 in the same assay (5 μM each) suggested a moderate synergistic effect of about 10% (41% inhibition of oxidation by 1/2 under the same conditions as for 1 and 2 separately). Combinations of 1/3 and 2/3 were also synergistic, but 1/3 had a two-fold greater AA (p < 0.05) than 2/3 (or 1/2). Our results indicate that (i) 1 and 2 are effective antioxidants in the assay, (ii) in combination, their AAs can synergise, and (iii) in relation to 2, 1 has a much greater synergistic potential with 3. The latter suggests different synergy mechanisms of the curcuminoid with each of the two stilbene phytoalexins.     

Synthesis and radical polymerization of dissymmetric fumarates with alkoxyethyl and bulky siloxy groups

Novel dissymmetric fumarate monomers ( 1a – c ) having both an alkoxyethyl group such as 2‐methoxyethyl ( a ), 2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)ethyl ( b ), and 2‐(2‐(2‐methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)ethyl ( c ) and a bulky 3‐[tris(trimethylsiloxy)silyl]propyl group were synthesized successfully, and their radical homopolymerizations and copolymerizations with styrene (St) were investigated. Monomer reactivities of the 1a – c in homopolymerizations were enhanced with an increase in the length of alkoxyethyl chains. The enhancement in the reactivity was explained with the suppression of the termination reaction, resulting from the increased steric hindrance induced by an increase in the size of alkoxyethyl chains. Copolymerizations of the 1a – c with St were carried out in bulk in the presence of AIBN at 60 °C, and their copolymerizations proceeded in a highly alternating tendency regardless of alkoxyethyl chain lengths. The Q, e values of the 1a – c were obtained as 0.48, +1.55 for the 1a , 0.66, +1.16 for the 1b , and 0.60, +1.16 for the 1c , respectively, from the terminal model reactivity ratios, and the 1a – c were found to be conjugative, electron‐accepting monomers. Membranes containing the 1a unit, prepared by the copolymerization of 1a with N‐vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) and terpolymerization of 1a , NVP, and 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate, have higher oxygen permeability than those containing no 1a unit, and also they have much better transparency compared with the membranes containing 3‐[tris(trimethylsilyloxy)silyl]propyl methacrylate unit. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 420–433, 2009