Local solutions for a coupled system of Kirchhoff type

We investigate the existence of local solutions of the following coupled system of Kirchhoff equations subject to nonlinear dissipation on the boundary: (∗) Here {Γ₀,Γ₁} is an appropriate partition of the boundary Γ of Ω and ν(x), the outer unit normal vector at x∈Γ₁.By applying the Galerkin method with a special basis for the space where lie the approximations of the initial data, we obtain local solutions of the initial-boundary value problem for (∗).     

Ill-posedness of nonlocal Burgers equations

Nonlocal generalizations of Burgers equation were derived in earlier work by Hunter [J.K. Hunter, Nonlinear surface waves, in: Current Progress in Hyberbolic Systems: Riemann Problems and Computations, Brunswick, ME, 1988, in: Contemp. Math., vol. 100, Amer. Math. Soc., 1989, pp. 185–202], and more recently by Benzoni-Gavage and Rosini [S. Benzoni-Gavage, M. Rosini, Weakly nonlinear surface waves and subsonic phase boundaries, Comput. Math. Appl. 57 (3–4) (2009) 1463–1484], as weakly nonlinear amplitude equations for hyperbolic boundary value problems admitting linear surface waves. The local-in-time well-posedness of such equations in Sobolev spaces was proved by Benzoni-Gavage [S. Benzoni-Gavage, Local well-posedness of nonlocal Burgers equations, Differential Integral Equations 22 (3–4) (2009) 303–320] under an appropriate stability condition originally pointed out by Hunter. In this article, it is shown that the latter condition is not only sufficient for well-posedness in Sobolev spaces but also necessary. The main point of the analysis is to show that when the stability condition is violated, nonlocal Burgers equations reduce to second order elliptic PDEs. The resulting ill-posedness result encompasses various cases previously studied in the literature.     

Restriction varieties and geometric branching rules

This paper develops a new method for studying the cohomology of orthogonal flag varieties. Restriction varieties are subvarieties of orthogonal flag varieties defined by rank conditions with respect to (not necessarily isotropic) flags. They interpolate between Schubert varieties in orthogonal flag varieties and the restrictions of general Schubert varieties in ordinary flag varieties. We give a positive, geometric rule for calculating their cohomology classes, obtaining a branching rule for Schubert calculus for the inclusion of the orthogonal flag varieties in Type A flag varieties. Our rule, in addition to being an essential step in finding a Littlewood–Richardson rule, has applications to computing the moment polytopes of the inclusion of SO(n) in SU(n), the asymptotic of the restrictions of representations of SL(n) to SO(n) and the classes of the moduli spaces of rank two vector bundles with fixed odd determinant on hyperelliptic curves. Furthermore, for odd orthogonal flag varieties, we obtain an algorithm for expressing a Schubert cycle in terms of restrictions of Schubert cycles of Type A flag varieties, thereby giving a geometric (though not positive) algorithm for multiplying any two Schubert cycles.     

The existence of asymptotically stable solutions for a nonlinear functional integral equation with values in a general Banach space

Motivated by the recent known results about the solvability and existence of asymptotically stable solutions for nonlinear functional integral equations in spaces of functions defined on unbounded intervals with values in the n-dimensional real space, we establish asymptotically stable solutions for a nonlinear functional integral equation in the space of all continuous functions on R₊ with values in a general Banach space, via a fixed point theorem of Krasnosel’skii type. In order to illustrate the result obtained here, an example is given.     

Existence, uniqueness and asymptotic stability of time periodic traveling waves for a periodic Lotka–Volterra competition system with diffusion

We study the existence, uniqueness, and asymptotic stability of time periodic traveling wave solutions to a periodic diffusive Lotka–Volterra competition system. Under certain conditions, we prove that there exists a maximal wave speed c^? such that for each wave speed c?c^?, there is a time periodic traveling wave connecting two semi-trivial periodic solutions of the corresponding kinetic system. It is shown that such a traveling wave is unique modulo translation and is monotone with respect to its co-moving frame coordinate. We also show that the traveling wave solutions with wave speed c<c^? are asymptotically stable in certain sense. In addition, we establish the nonexistence of time periodic traveling waves for nonzero speed c>c^?.     

Decay estimates for quasi-linear evolution equations

We consider global strong solutions of the quasi-linear evolution equations (1.1) and (1.2) below, corresponding to sufficiently small initial data, and prove some stability estimates, as t→+∞, that generalize the corresponding estimates in the linear case.     

A note on the nonexistence of solutions for prescribed mean curvature equations on a ball

We prove the nonexistence of solutions for a prescribed mean curvature equation when p?1 and the positive parameter λ is small. The result extends theorems of Narukawa and Suzuki, and Finn, from the case of n=2,p=1 to all n?2,p?1. Moreover, our proof is very simple and the result is not limited to positive (and negative) solutions. We also show that a similar result for positive solutions is still true if |u|^p−1u is replaced by the exponential nonlinearity e^u−1.     

Two classes of Quadratic Assignment Problems that are solvable as Linear Assignment Problems

The Quadratic Assignment Problem is one of the hardest combinatorial optimization problems known. We present two new classes of instances of the Quadratic Assignment Problem that can be reduced to the Linear Assignment Problem and give polynomial time procedures to check whether or not an instance is an element of these classes.     

On non-Archimedean hilbertian spaces

We consider a special class of non-Archimedean Banach spaces, called Hilbertian, for which every one-dimensional linear subspace has an orthogonal complement. We prove that all immediate extensions of c_o, contained in l^∞, are Hilbertian. In this way we construct examples of Hilbertian spaces over a non-spherically complete valued field without an orthogonal base.     

Pseudo-almost periodic viscosity solutions of second-order nonlinear parabolic equations

In this paper we generalize the comparison result of Bostan and Namah (2007) [8] to the second-order parabolic case and prove two properties of pseudo-almost periodic functions; then by using Perron’s method we prove the existence and uniqueness of time pseudo-almost periodic viscosity solutions of second-order parabolic equations under usual hypotheses.     

General decay for a porous thermoelastic system with memory: The case of equal speeds

In this paper we consider a one-dimensional system with porous elasticity in the presence of a visco-porous dissipation and a macrotemperature effect. We establish a general decay result, of which the exponential and the polynomial results of Soufyane (2008) [10] are merely special cases.     

Existence, blow-up and exponential decay estimates for a nonlinear wave equation with boundary conditions of two-point type

This paper is devoted to studying a nonlinear wave equation with boundary conditions of two-point type. First, we state two local existence theorems and under the suitable conditions, we prove that any weak solutions with negative initial energy will blow up in finite time. Next, we give a sufficient condition to guarantee the global existence and exponential decay of weak solutions. Finally, we present numerical results.     

Approximation of stationary solutions of Gaussian driven stochastic differential equations

We study sequences of empirical measures of Euler schemes associated to some non-Markovian SDEs: SDEs driven by Gaussian processes with stationary increments. We obtain the functional convergence of this sequence to a stationary solution to the SDE. Then, we end the paper by some specific properties of this stationary solution. We show that, in contrast to Markovian SDEs, its initial random value and the driving Gaussian process are always dependent. However, under an integral representation assumption, we also obtain that the past of the solution is independent of the future of the underlying innovation process of the Gaussian driving process.     

Mean field propagation of Wigner measures and BBGKY hierarchies for general bosonic states

Contrary to the finite dimensional case, Weyl and Wick quantizations are no more asymptotically equivalent in the infinite dimensional bosonic second quantization. Moreover neither the Weyl calculus defined for cylindrical symbols nor the Wick calculus defined for polynomials are preserved by the action of a nonlinear flow. Nevertheless taking advantage carefully of the information brought by these two calculuses in the mean field asymptotics, the propagation of Wigner measures for general states can be proved, extending to the infinite dimensional case a standard result of semiclassical analysis.     

Sharp estimates and saturation phenomena for a nonlocal eigenvalue problem

We determine the shape which minimizes, among domains with given measure, the first eigenvalue of a nonlocal operator consisting of a perturbation of the standard Dirichlet Laplacian by an integral of the unknown function. We show that this problem displays a saturation behaviour in that the corresponding value of the minimal eigenvalue increases with the weight affecting the average up to a (finite) critical value of this weight, and then remains constant. This critical point corresponds to a transition between optimal shapes, from one ball as in the Faber–Krahn inequality to two equal balls.     

Extensions of p-adic vector measures

For R being a separating algebra of subsets of a set X, E a complete Hausdorff non-Archimedean locally convex space and m: R → E a bounded finitely additive measure, it is shown that:

a If m is σ-additive and strongly additive, then m has a unique σ-additive extension m^σ on the σ-algebra R^σ generated by R.

b If m is strongly additive and τ-additive, then m has a unique τ-additive extension m^τ on the α-algebra R^bo of all τ_R-Borel sets, where τ_R is the topology having R as a basis.

Also, some other results concerning such measures are given.     

Portfolio insurance under a risk-measure constraint

We study the problem of portfolio insurance from the point of view of a fund manager, who guarantees to the investor that the portfolio value at maturity will be above a fixed threshold. If, at maturity, the portfolio value is below the guaranteed level, a third party will refund the investor up to the guarantee. In exchange for this protection, the third party imposes a limit on the risk exposure of the fund manager, in the form of a convex monetary risk measure. The fund manager therefore tries to maximize the investor’s utility function subject to the risk-measure constraint. We give a full solution to this non-convex optimization problem in the complete market setting and show in particular that the choice of the risk measure is crucial for the optimal portfolio to exist. Explicit results are provided for the entropic risk measure (for which the optimal portfolio always exists) and for the class of spectral risk measures (for which the optimal portfolio may fail to exist in some cases).     

Remark on the global existence and large time asymptotics of solutions for the quadratic NLS

We study the global in time existence of small solutions to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with quadratic interactions (0.1) We prove that if the initial data u₀ satisfy smallness conditions in the weighted Sobolev norm, then the solution of the Cauchy problem (0.1) exists globally in time. Furthermore, we prove the existence of the usual scattering states and find the large time asymptotics of the solutions.     

Long-time stability of large-amplitude noncharacteristic boundary layers for hyperbolic–parabolic systems

Extending investigations of Yarahmadian and Zumbrun in the strictly parabolic case, we study time-asymptotic stability of arbitrary (possibly large) amplitude noncharacteristic boundary layers of a class of hyperbolic–parabolic systems including the Navier–Stokes equations of compressible gas, and magnetohydrodynamics with inflow or outflow boundary conditions, establishing that linear and nonlinear stability are both equivalent to an Evans function, or generalized spectral stability, condition. The latter is readily checkable numerically, and analytically verifiable in certain favorable cases; in particular, it has been shown by Costanzino, Humpherys, Nguyen, and Zumbrun to hold for sufficiently large-amplitude layers for isentropic ideal gas dynamics, with general adiabiatic index γ?1. Together with these previous results, our results thus give nonlinear stability of large-amplitude isentropic boundary layers, the first such result for compressive (“shock-type”) layers in other than the nearly-constant case. The analysis, as in the strictly parabolic case, proceeds by derivation of detailed pointwise Green function bounds, with substantial new technical difficulties associated with the more singular, hyperbolic behavior in the high-frequency/short time regime.