Fixed point properties of semigroups of non-expansive mappings

In recent years, there have been considerable interests in the study of when a closed convex subset K of a Banach space has the fixed point property, i.e. whenever T is a non-expansive mapping from K into K, then K contains a fixed point for T. In this paper we shall study fixed point properties of semigroups of non-expansive mappings on weakly compact convex subsets of a Banach space (or, more generally, a locally convex space). By considering the classes of bicyclic semigroups we answer two open questions, one posted earlier by the first author in 1976 (Dalhousie) and the other posted by T. Mitchell in 1984 (Virginia). We also provide a characterization for the existence of a left invariant mean on the space of weakly almost periodic functions on separable semitopological semigroups in terms of fixed point property for non-expansive mappings related to another open problem raised by the first author in 1976.     

Fixed point set of semigroups of non-expansive mappings and amenability

In this paper, we study the fixed point set of a strongly continuous non-expansive semigroup of a semi-topological semigroup S for which CB(S) is n-extremely left amenable. Also, we study the fixed point set of a strongly continuous semigroup of mappings when S is a semigroup which is a sub-semigroup of a locally convex topological vector space with addition. Some applications to harmonic analysis are also provided.     

Distortion and stability of the fixed point property for non-expansive mappings

Let X be a Banach space. We say that X satisfies the fixed point property (weak fixed point property) if every non-expansive mapping defined from a convex closed bounded (convex weakly compact) subset of X into itself has a fixed point. We say that X satisfies the stable fixed point property (stable weak fixed point property) if the same is true for every equivalent norm which is close enough to the original one. Denote by P(X) the set formed by all equivalent norms with the topology of the uniform convergence on the unit ball of X. We prove that the subset of P(X) formed by the norms failing the fixed point property is dense in P(X) when X is a non-distortable space which fails the fixed point property. In particular, no renorming of ?₁ can satisfy the stable fixed point property. Furthermore, we show some examples of distortable spaces failing the weak fixed point property, which can be renormed to satisfy the stable weak fixed point property. As a consequence we prove that every separable Banach space can be renormed to satisfy the stable weak fixed point property.     

Fixed points for weakly inward mappings in Banach spaces

S. Hu and Y. Sun [S. Hu, Y. Sun, Fixed point index for weakly inward mappings, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 172 (1993) 266-273] defined the fixed point index for weakly inward mappings, investigated its properties and studied the fixed points for such mappings. In this paper, following S. Hu and Y. Sun, we continue to investigate boundary conditions, under which the fixed point index for the completely continuous and weakly inward mapping, denoted by i(A,Ω,P), is equal to 1 or 0. Correspondingly, we can obtain some new fixed point theorems of the completely continuous and weakly inward mappings and existence theorems of solutions for the equations Ax=μx, which extend many famous theorems such as Leray-Schauder's theorem, Rothe's two theorems, Krasnoselskii's theorem, Altman's theorem, Petryshyn's theorem, etc., to the case of weakly inward mappings. In addition, our conclusions and methods are different from the ones in many recent works.     

Density and invariant means in left amenable semigroups

A left cancellative and left amenable semigroup S satisfies the Strong Følner Condition. That is, given any finite subset H of S and any >0, there is a finite nonempty subset F of S such that for each sH, |sFF|<|F|. This condition is useful in defining a very well behaved notion of density, which we call Følner density, via the notion of a left Følner net, that is a net F_ααD of finite nonempty subsets of S such that for each sS, (|sF_αF_α|)/|F_α| converges to 0. Motivated by a desire to show that this density behaves as it should on cartesian products, we were led to consider the set LIM₀(S) which is the set of left invariant means which are weak^* limits in l_∞(S)^* of left Følner nets. We show that the set of all left invariant means is the weak^* closure of the convex hull of LIM₀(S). (If S is a left amenable group, this is a relatively old result of C. Chou.) We obtain our desired density result as a corollary. We also show that the set of left invariant means on is actually equal to . We also derive some properties of the extreme points of the set of left invariant means on S, regarded as measures on βS, and investigate the algebraic implications of the assumption that there is a left invariant mean on S which is non-zero on some singleton subset of βS.     

A renorming of some nonseparable Banach spaces with the Fixed Point Property

We prove that for every Banach space which can be embedded in c₀(Γ) (for instance, reflexive spaces or more generally spaces with M-basis) there exists an equivalent renorming which enjoys the (weak) Fixed Point Property for non-expansive mappings. As a consequence, we solve a longtime open question in Metric Fixed Point Theory: Every reflexive Banach can be renormed to satisfy the Fixed Point Property. Furthermore, this norm can be chosen arbitrarily closed to the original norm.     

Fixed point iteration processes for asymptotic pointwise nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces

Let X be a uniformly convex Banach space with the Opial property. Let T:C→C be an asymptotic pointwise nonexpansive mapping, where C is bounded, closed and convex subset of X. In this paper, we prove that the generalized Mann and Ishikawa processes converge weakly to a fixed point of T. In addition, we prove that for compact asymptotic pointwise nonexpansive mappings acting in uniformly convex Banach spaces, both processes converge strongly to a fixed point.     

Fixed points for fuzzy mappings

In this paper the problem of the existence and computation of fixed points for fuzzy mappings is approached. A fuzzy mapping R over a set X is defined to be a function attaching to each x in X a fuzzy subset R_χ of X. An element x of X is called fixed point of R iff its membership degree to R_χ is at least equal to the membership degree to R_χ of any y?X, i.e. R_χ(χ)? R_χ(y)(?y?X). Two existence theorems for fixed points of a fuzzy mapping are proved and an algorithm for computing approximations of such a fixed point is described. The convergence theorem of our algorithm is proved under the restrictive assumption that for any x in X, the membership function of R_χ has a ‘complementary function’. Examples of fuzzy mappings having this property are given, but the problem of proving general criteria for a function to have a complementary remain open.     

Fixed point theorems for fuzzy mappings

This paper presents some new fixed point theorems for fuzzy mappings. The results given in this paper improve and extend some recent results.     

Mean-type mappings and invariant curves

The problem of invariant curves for continuous mean-type mappings is considered. The obtained results are applied in solving some functional equations.     

带扰动映像的广义平衡问题和不动点问题的混合粘性逼近问题

引入一个用于寻求带扰动映像的广义平衡问题解集以及可数无穷多非扩张映像之族公共不动点集的公共解的新的迭代算法. 证明了由此算法生成的序列的强收敛性. 所得的结果推广改进了先前许多作者的结果.     

On the implicit iterative process for strictly pseudo-contractive mappings in Banach spaces

In this paper, we consider a composite implicit iterative process for an infinite family of strictly pseudo-contractive mappings. Strong convergence theorems are established in an arbitrary real Banach space. The results presented in this paper improve and extend the recent ones announced by many others.     

FIXED POINTS FOR WEAKLY INWARD MAPPINGS IN BANACH SPACES (Ⅱ)

S. Hu and Y. Sun[1] defined the fixed point index for weakly inward mappings, investigated its properties and studied fixed points for such mappings. In this paper, following S. Hu and Y. Sun, we further investigate boundary conditions, under which the fixed point index for i(A,Ω, p) is equal to nonzero, where i(A,Ω, p) is the completely continuous and weakly inward mapping. Correspondingly, we can obtain many new fixed point the-orems of the completely continuous and weakly inward mapping, which generalize...     

Fixed point theory for a class of generalized nonexpansive mappings

In this paper we introduce two new classes of generalized nonexpansive mapping and we study both the existence of fixed points and their asymptotic behavior.     

On a hybrid method for a family of relatively nonexpansive mappings in a Banach space

We prove strong convergence theorems by the hybrid method given by Takahashi, Takeuchi, and Kubota for a family of relatively nonexpansive mappings under weaker conditions. The method of the proof is different from the original one and it shows that the type of projection used in the iterative method is independent of the properties of the mappings. We also deal with the problem of finding a zero of a maximal monotone operator and obtain a strong convergence theorem using this method.     

Separable Determination of the Fixed Point Property of Convex Sets in Banach Spaces

In this paper, we first show that for every mapping $f$ from a metric space $Ω$ to itself which is continuous off a countable subset of $Ω,$ there exists a nonempty closed separable subspace $S ⊂ Ω$ so that $f|_S$ is again a self mapping on $S.$ Therefore, both the fixed point property and the weak fixed point property of a nonempty closed convex set in a Banach space are separably determined. We then prove that every separable subspace of $c_0(\Gamma)$ (for any set $\Gamma$) is again lying in $c_0.$ Making use of these results, we finally presents a simple proof of the famous result: Every non-expansive self-mapping defined on a nonempty weakly compact convex set of $c_0(\Gamma)$ has a fixed point.     

Random iterations, fixed points and invariant CRF-horospheres in complex Banach spaces

For holomorphic noncontractive maps on (not necessarily bounded) domains in complex Banach spaces, we establish the conditions guaranteeing locally uniform convergence of random iterations and study the existence of fixed points and boundary behaviour of iterations. In particular, we show that the problem, concerning the existence of the horospheres determined by Carathéodory-Reiffen-Finsler pseudometrics defined on unbounded domains, has the solution and we prove new results of type of Julia's lemma and Wolff's theorem.     

Fixed points of commuting holomorphic mappings other than the Wolff point

Let be the unit disc of and let be such that . For 1$">, let . We study the behavior of on . In particular, we prove that . As a consequence, besides conditions for , we prove a conjecture of C. Cowen in case and are univalent mappings.

     

Fixed point theorems for some generalized multivalued nonexpansive mappings

In this paper, we introduce a condition on multivalued mappings which is a multivalued version of condition (C_λ) defined by Garcia-Falset et al. (2011) [3]. It is shown here that some of the classical fixed point theorems for multivalued nonexpansive mappings can be extended to mappings satisfying this condition. Our results generalize the results in Lim (1974), Lami Dozo (1973), Kirk and Massa (1990), Garcia-Falset et al. (2011), Dhompongsa et al. (2009) and Abkar and Eslamian (2010) [4], [5], [6], [3], [7] and [8] and many others.