Compact imbeddings between variable exponent spaces with unbounded underlying domain

In this paper, we have established some compact imbedding theorems for some subspaces of W^1,p(x)(U)$W^{1,p\left(x\right)}\left(U\right)$ when the underlying domain U$U$ is unbounded. The domain we consider is mainly of type R^N(N≥2)$R^N(N\ge 2)$ or R^L×Ω(L≥2)$R^L\times \Omega (L\ge 2)$, where Ω⊂R^M$\Omega \subset R^M$ is a bounded domain with smooth boundary.     

L -decay rates of planar viscous rarefaction wave for scalar conservation law with degenerate viscosity in n -dimensions

We investigate the Cauchy problem and the initial-boundary value problem for multi-dimensional conservation laws with degenerate viscosity in the whole space and in the half-space respectively. We give the optimal decay estimates in the W^1,p(1≤p≤∞)$W^{1,p}(1\le p\le \infty )$ norm for the perturbation from the planar viscous rarefaction wave. The analysis based on the new L^p$L^p$-energy method and L¹$L^1$-estimates.     

Best constants in a borderline case of second-order Moser type inequalities

We study optimal embeddings for the space of functions whose Laplacian Δu   belongs to L¹(Ω)$L^1(\Omega )$, where Ω⊂RN$\Omega \subset {\mathbb{R}}^N$ is a bounded domain. This function space turns out to be strictly larger than the Sobolev space W2,1(Ω)$W^{2,1}(\Omega )$ in which the whole set of second-order derivatives is considered. In particular, in the limiting Sobolev case, when N=2$N=2$, we establish a sharp embedding inequality into the Zygmund space Lexp(Ω)$L_{\mathit{exp}}(\Omega )$. On one hand, this result enables us to improve the Brezis–Merle (Brezis and Merle (1991) [13]) regularity estimate for the Dirichlet problem Δu=f(x)∈L¹(Ω)$\mathrm{\Delta }u=f(x)\in L^1(\Omega )$, u=0$u=0$ on ∂Ω; on the other hand, it represents a borderline case of D.R. Adams' (1988) [1] generalization of Trudinger–Moser type inequalities to the case of higher-order derivatives. Extensions to dimension N?3$N?3$ are also given. Besides, we show how the best constants in the embedding inequalities change under different boundary conditions.     

A boundary blow-up elliptic problem with an inhomogeneous term

By a perturbation method and constructing comparison functions, we reveal how the inhomogeneous term h$h$ affects the exact asymptotic behaviour of solutions near the boundary to the problem △u=b(x)g(u)+λh(x)$△u=b\left(x\right)g\left(u\right)+\lambda h\left(x\right)$, u>0$u>0$ in Ω$\Omega$, u_|∂Ω=∞$u{|}_{\partial \Omega }=\infty$, where Ω$\Omega$ is a bounded domain with smooth boundary in R^N${\mathbb{R}}^N$, λ>0$\lambda >0$, g∈C¹[0,∞)$g\in C^1[0,\infty )$ is increasing on [0,∞)$[0,\infty )$, g(0)=0$g\left(0\right)=0$, g^′$g^{\prime }$ is regularly varying at infinity with positive index ρ$\rho$, the weight b$b$, which is non-trivial and non-negative in Ω$\Omega$, may be vanishing on the boundary, and the inhomogeneous term h$h$ is non-negative in Ω$\Omega$ and may be singular on the boundary.     

Renormalized solutions for nonlinear elliptic equations with variable exponents and L data

We prove existence and uniqueness of a renormalized solution to nonlinear elliptic equations with variable exponents and L¹$L^1$ data. The functional setting involves Lebesgue–Sobolev space with variable exponents W^1,p(⋅)(Ω)$W^{1,p(\cdot )}\left(\Omega \right)$.     

Critical exponents for non-simultaneous blow-up in a localized parabolic system

The paper deals with the radially symmetric solutions of _ut=Δu+u^m(x,t)vⁿ(0,t)$u_t=\Delta u+u^m(x,t)v^n(0,t)$, _vt=Δv+u^p(0,t)v^q(x,t)$v_t=\Delta v+u^p(0,t)v^q(x,t)$, subject to null Dirichlet boundary conditions. For the blow-up classical solutions, we propose the critical exponents for non-simultaneous blow-up by determining the complete and optimal classification for all the non-negative exponents: (i) There exist initial data such that u$u$ (v$v$) blows up alone if and only if m>p+1$m>p+1$ (q>n+1$q>n+1$), which means that any blow-up is simultaneous if and only if m≤p+1$m\le p+1$, q≤n+1$q\le n+1$. (ii) Any blow-up is u$u$ (v$v$) blowing up with v$v$ (u$u$) remaining bounded if and only if m>p+1$m>p+1$, q≤n+1$q\le n+1$ (m≤p+1$m\le p+1$, q>n+1$q>n+1$). (iii) Both non-simultaneous and simultaneous blow-up may occur if and only if m>p+1$m>p+1$, q>n+1$q>n+1$. Moreover, we consider the blow-up rate and set estimates which were not obtained in the previously known work for the same model.     

Convergence of invariant measures for singular stochastic diffusion equations

It is proved that the solutions to the singular stochastic p$p$-Laplace equation, p∈(1,2)$p\in (1,2)$ and the solutions to the stochastic fast diffusion equation with nonlinearity parameter r∈(0,1)$r\in (0,1)$ on a bounded open domain Λ⊂R^d$\Lambda \subset {\mathbb{R}}^d$ with Dirichlet boundary conditions are continuous in mean, uniformly in time, with respect to the parameters p$p$ and r$r$ respectively (in the Hilbert spaces L²(Λ)$L^2\left(\Lambda \right)$, H⁻¹(Λ)$H^{-1}\left(\Lambda \right)$ respectively). The highly singular limit case p=1$p=1$ is treated with the help of stochastic evolution variational inequalities, where P$\mathbb{P}$-a.s. convergence, uniformly in time, is established.     

Isoperimetric inequalities for the first Neumann eigenvalue in Gauss space

We provide isoperimetric Szegö–Weinberger type inequalities for the first nontrivial Neumann eigenvalue _μ1(Ω)${\mu }_1(\Omega )$ in Gauss space, where Ω   is a possibly unbounded domain of R^N${\mathbb{R}}^N$. Our main result consists in showing that among all sets Ω   of R^N${\mathbb{R}}^N$ symmetric about the origin, having prescribed Gaussian measure, _μ1(Ω)${\mu }_1(\Omega )$ is maximum if and only if Ω is the Euclidean ball centered at the origin.     

Regularity properties of the solutions to the 3D Maxwell–Landau–Lifshitz system in weighted Sobolev spaces

This paper is concerned with special regularity properties of the solutions to the Maxwell–Landau–Lifshitz (MLL) system describing ferromagnetic medium. Besides the classical results on the boundedness of _∂tm,_∂tE${\mathrm{\partial }}_t\mathbf{m},{\mathrm{\partial }}_t\mathbf{E}$ and _∂tH${\mathrm{\partial }}_t\mathbf{H}$ in the spaces L^∞(I,L²(Ω))$L^{\infty }(I,L^2(\Omega ))$ and L²(I,W^1,2(Ω))$L^2(I,W^{1,2}(\Omega ))$ we derive also estimates in weighted Sobolev spaces. This kind of estimates can be used to control the Taylor remainder when estimating the error of a numerical scheme.     

A continuum of unusual self-adjoint linear partial differential operators

In an earlier publication a linear operator _THar$T_{\mathrm{Har}}$ was defined as an unusual self-adjoint extension generated by each linear elliptic partial differential expression, satisfying suitable conditions on a bounded region Ω$\Omega$ of some Euclidean space. In this present work the authors define an extensive class of _THar$T_{\mathrm{Har}}$-like self-adjoint operators on the Hilbert function space _L2(Ω);$L_2(\Omega );$ but here for brevity we restrict the development to the classical Laplacian differential expression, with Ω$\Omega$ now the planar unit disk. It is demonstrated that there exists a non-denumerable set of such _THar$T_{\mathrm{Har}}$-like operators (each a self-adjoint extension generated by the Laplacian), each of which has a domain in _L2(Ω)$L_2(\Omega )$ that does not lie within the usual Sobolev Hilbert function space W²(Ω)$W^2(\Omega )$. These _THar$T_{\mathrm{Har}}$-like operators cannot be specified by conventional differential boundary conditions on the boundary of ∂Ω$\mathrm{\partial }\Omega$, and may have non-empty essential spectra.     

Remark on the stability of the large stationary solutions to the Navier–Stokes equations under the general flux condition

Consider stationary weak solutions of the Navier–Stokes equations in a bounded domain in R³${\mathbb{R}}^3$ under the nonhomogeneous boundary condition. We give a new approach for the stability of the stationary flow in the L²$L^2$-framework. Furthermore, we give some examples of stable solutions which may be large in L³(Ω)$L^3\left(\Omega \right)$ or W^1,3/2(Ω)$W^{1,3/2}\left(\Omega \right)$.     

Dynamics of non-autonomous parabolic problems with subcritical and critical nonlinearities

This is a subsequent work of our previous one in [25]. Let the nonlinear terms of non-autonomous parabolic problems with singular initial data satisfy subcritical and critical growth conditions. We first establish the existence of uniform attractors in W^1,r(Ω)$W^{1,r}(\Omega )$, 1<r<N$1<r<N$, for the family of processes corresponding to the equations with external forces being translation bounded but not translation compact. Then, we prove the existence of pullback attractors in L^r(Ω)$L^r(\Omega )$ and W^1,r(Ω)$W^{1,r}(\Omega )$, respectively, for the process corresponding to the equation with the weaker assumption on the external force than previous one. Finally, we investigate the robust of attractors and establish the existence of pullback exponential attractors for the process acting in L^r(Ω)$L^r(\Omega )$ and W^1,r(Ω)$W^{1,r}(\Omega )$, respectively.