Bootstrap方法在能力验证统计分析中的应用北大核心CSCD

由于经济全球化和高科技迅猛发展的需要,我国许多实验室已通过了中国合格评定国家认可委员会（CNAS）的认可,还有许多实验室正在准备认可。在实验室认可活动中利用实验室间比对的能力验证活动是一项非常重要的内容,它受到国际实验室认可合作组织及世界各国实验室认可组织的高度重视。能力验证是利用实验室间的比对来判定实验室和检查机构能力的活动[1-2],     

实验室认可的发展与体会

介绍实验室认可的发展过程与发展趋势。实验室认可的内涵是按章行事、全员参与、服务客户、实施预防、强化技术和不断完善。全面、灵活、文件资料多和要求严格是实验室认可的特点。组织落实、文件编制、人员培训、仪器档案整理、量值溯源、内审及管理评审是实施实验室认可的重要工作。     

实验室的认可和质量管理体系的建立与运行

简要介绍了实验室认可的发展情况，开展实验室认可的必要性，实验室的质量管理体系的建立、运行及认证认可。     

标准物质和实验室认可

论述了标准物质的定义及其在实验室认可中的作用,并介绍了标准物质在实际使用过程中应注意的事项。     

实验室认可基础、评审方法与发展趋势

从什么是实验室认可和中国实验室国家认可委员会、实验室评审认可依据和基本要求、实验室认可过程、现场评审技巧和国内外发展趋势五个方面对实验室认可作了介绍,可为我国实验室逐步实现与国际接轨的规范化管理提供借鉴。     

标准物质在商检分析实验室中的应用

介绍了标准物质在商检分析实验室的质量管理和实验室认可工作中的应用。     

第四届全国实验室管理科学研讨会征文通知

由中国分析测试协会主办、《分析试验室》编辑部承办的“第四届全国实验室管理科学研讨会”定于2009年7月在甘肃省兰州市召开。会议内容包括实验室管理科学、实验室认证认可、实验室比对、实验室信息管理系统（LIMS）、实验室仪器设备运行及考核、实验室技术人员培训等有关方面的学术研讨。会议将邀请有关专家做大会报告,欢迎全国各行业的实验室管理人员及实验室科研工作人员参加会议。     

理化实验室仪器设备的期间核查方法——以原子荧光光度计的核查为实例

<正>检测机构理化实验室应根据CNAS-CL01《检测和校准实验室能力认可准则》[1]5.5.10条款"当需要利用期间核查以保持设备校准状态的可信度时,应按照规定的程序进行"的要求,建立仪器设备期间核查的程序及方法,定期对仪器设备进行期间核查。其意义在于检查测量仪器的校准状态在校准有效期内是否得到保持,防止使用不符合技术规范要求的仪器设备。当核查发现不能允许的偏离时,实验室可以采取适当的方法或措施,尽可能减少和     

两种稳健统计法在石油产品能力验证结果分析中的比较北大核心CSCD

能力验证是国际通行的实验室检测能力评价手段,是实验室质量管理常用和有效的一种手段^[1]。按照实验室认可评审和资质认定的相关要求,实验室对检测能力附表中各领域均应按一定频次参加有资质单位组织的能力验证活动,从而满足监管机构的要求,确认实验室的管理能力,识别检测过程中的问题等,使管理体系有效运转,提升实验室自身检测能力。     

科研实验室管理体系实施项目化管理的探索——以中国科学院南京土壤研究所所级公共技术服务中心为例

针对科研实验室管理面临的效率偏低的现状和问题,以中国科学院南京土壤研究所公共技术服务中心为主体,在现有的认可准则管理框架下,探讨了项目管理的方法在科研实验室管理中的应用.通过项目化分解管理体系任务而提高管理效率,从而为高效开展科研实验室管理提供了新思路.     

Quality and timeliness in medical laboratory testing

In terms of testing, modern laboratory medicine can be divided into centralized testing in central laboratories and point-of-care testing (POCT). Centralized laboratory medicine offers high-quality results, as guaranteed by the use of quality management programs and the excellence of the staff. POCT is performed by clinical staff, and so such testing has moved back closer to the patient. POCT has the advantage of shortening the turnaround time, which potentially benefits the patient. However, the clinical laboratory testing expertise of clinical staff is limited. Consequently, when deciding which components of laboratory testing must be conducted in central laboratories and which components as POCT (in relation to quality and timeliness), it will be medical necessity, medical utility, technological capabilities and costs that will have to be ascertained. Provided adequate quality can be guaranteed, POCT is preferable, considering its timeliness, when testing vital parameters. It is also preferred when the central laboratory cannot guarantee the delivery of results of short turn-around-time (STAT) markers within 60 or (even better) 30 min. POCT should not replace centralized medical laboratory testing in general, but it should be used in cases where positive effects on patient care have been clearly demonstrated.     

实验室安全环保意识的调查与分析——以中山大学化学类专业学生为例

A survey about students' laboratory safety and environmental protection consciousness was performed in the freshmen majored in chemistry at Sun Yat-Sen University. Results showed that laboratory safety and environmental protection consciousness of most students' are weak. After analyzing the reasons, we put forward some suggestions. Cultivating students' laboratory safety and environmental protection consciousness should be carried out from several aspects such as emphasizing and regulating from school level, training in laboratory teaching, maintaining good cultural atmosphere of laboratory, as well as providing perfect laboratory safety and environmental protection facilities. We should guide students to actively learn knowledge and skills of laboratory safety and environmental protection in order to develop their good behavior and raise their consciousness.     

Why do food analysts need quality assurance?

 Most sophisticated products require testing for compliance with specifications and safety regulations before release into many markets, and trade in many simpler commodities and products also requires supporting technical information. Test documentation has become an essential element in this trade. Food intended for human consumption certainly falls into the "sophisticated products" category. Lack of acceptance of laboratory test data across national borders may be a significant barrier to trade. In order to avoid such barriers and unnecessary duplication of laboratory tests, mutual recognition of laboratory results should be regarded as an important means of facilitating international trade in food products. It is difficult to envisage recognition of test data across borders without internationally agreed criteria for assessing the competence of testing. These criteria should, as a minimum, require that a laboratory involved in the analysis of foods operates a suitable quality system. The laboratory must create a quality system appropriate to the type, range and volume of work performed. It is necessary for the elements of this system to be documented in a quality manual which is available for use by the laboratory personnel. The quality manual must be kept up-to-date by a person or persons having responsibility for quality assurance within the laboratory. This paper describes and discusses the elements of a quality system in a food laboratory, including suitable quality assurance measures, the use of validated analytical methods and participation in proficiency testing schemes. Received: 24 February 1996 Accepted: 13 March 1996     

化学实验室安全教育实效研究*——以大二学生为例

为考察化学实验室安全教育实效,本文对天津理工大学化学化工学院大二学生的实验室焦虑、安全态度、安全意识以及安全知识进行问卷调查。调查结果表明:实验室焦虑存在性别差异,女生焦虑情绪比男生严重;参加过安全教育培训学生比未参加安全培训学生安全态度更为端正。回归分析表明:实验室焦虑、安全态度和安全知识都与安全意图显著正相关。基于统计分析结果,提出以下安全培训提升策略:关注学生心理安全,加强情绪疏导,克服实验室焦虑;优化安全教育模式,发挥学生主观能动性,提高安全教育实效。最后,安全教育也是立德树人的过程,通过安全教育,将学生培养成为敬畏生命、敬畏责任、敬畏规章、具有正确安全道德价值观的化工行业从业人员。     

A review of autovalidation software in laboratory medicine

Although autovalidation procedures have been around for many years, through the use of computers and the application of (medical) protocols, they are now becoming part of the production environment of medical laboratories. The introduction of high volume instruments within routine medical laboratory testing certainly speeded up their application as well. After defining autovalidation, autoverification and autoconfirmation, this paper provides a framework for the different ways and places where these tools can be applied within laboratory medicine. Technology as well as organization are essential building blocks to reach well-defined, transparent and assured quality. A laboratory automation system (LAS) brings both areas together in a logical, future-oriented way. Strengthening the information loop, reaching guaranteed quality (analytical, turnaround times and efficiency), leads towards strict management of the laboratory processes. This includes all laboratory processes and here autovalidation and autoreporting become essential. A survey of currently available software routines and their appraisal from a managerial viewpoint are given. It can be concluded that autovalidation software in laboratory medicine is maturing and is rapidly becoming a critical success factor in any medical laboratory. Quality can be automated for sure and autovalidation software will prove to be a valuable aid to do so. Received: 23 August 2002 Accepted: 26 August 2002 Presented at the European Conference on Quality in the Spotlight in Medical Laboratories, 7–9 October 2001, Antwerp, Belgium     

The impact of LIMS design and functionality on laboratory quality achievements

 A laboratory information management system (LIMS) can make a major contribution to the quality and therefore to the efficiency and competitiveness of a laboratory. Since it can impact all aspects of a laboratory's organization it must be the key if not the principal player of the laboratory's quality system. It should support the laboratory in establishing, maintaining and applying quality procedures thereby enabling the laboratory to achieve its quality goals. As a tool, LIMS permits the laboratory to input and use its own know-how and experience to optimize the total organization (internal and external) and workflow of generated information. However, perceived "quality" in the context of an LIMS, can be viewed as being made up of different facets such as the security, reliability and accessibility of information as well as its turn around time and production cost. This paper reviews the role of a LIMS in the laboratory and the contribution that both system design and functionality can have on "building quality ". Received: 5 October 1998 · Accepted: 20 October 1998     

Tracking and controlling everything that affects quality is the key to a quality management system

Every laboratory has a need to track and control the variables that drive the quality of the results. However, each laboratory is unique and what one organization deems to be a critical process to track and control will likely differ from other organizations. Furthermore, there is more than just the end product or result that needs to be tracked and controlled. All of the intermediate products and resources play a significant role in producing the final product and each of these needs to be included in the LIMS. At a high level, this article will present ideas and opinions on the following topics in relation to implementing a LIMS process tracking and control system in a laboratory: The difference between tracking and controlling processes; What to track and control in the lab; The "product" of the laboratory; Preventing mistakes in a laboratory; Comprehensive software platform options; The value of seeing a system as opposed to imagining it; The use of barcodes in the laboratory; and an assessment on using the Risk Based Approach in deciding what to include in the tracking system.     

Education and training of laboratory staff as a part of laboratory competence

Competence of laboratory staff is an important part of the technical competence of each laboratory. Because the speed at which knowledge goes out of date is increasing, maintaining laboratory staff competence at an appropriate level can be a very demanding requirement, especially for laboratories operating in a free market with little or no financial help from the state or from the larger organisation they possibly belong to. In order to manage staff competence effectively and efficiently, a laboratory must first define its services and the processes needed for realisation of these services. Responsibility for each step in these processes can then be assigned and gap analysis of current competence can be performed. This article analyses the requirements of ISO/IEC 17025 standard and gives some practical advice and solutions how to organize and manage staff competence.     

高校化学教学实验室小型试剂库改造

有机化学实验是培养学生掌握实验基本技能和技术、提高动手能力的必修课。有机化学实验产生的废液成分复杂,尽管目前广大师生的环保意识比较强,实验室废液能够做到分类收集并交由有资质的公司进行处理,但是完全依赖环保公司的处理成本比较高。因此我们尝试对有机化学实验室产生的废液进行实验室原点处理,真正做到谁污染、谁治理,有效降低废液的处理成本,并实现有机试剂的循环使用。     

在移动终端上远程实时监控实验室和操作仪器

提出了在手机或平板电脑上使用免费软件远程监控实验室和操作仪器的方法。使用萤石云视频软件实时观察室内及仪器周边情况,为远程操作仪器提供实时现场信息,也可用该软件与现场人员语音实时交流;使用Teamviewer软件随时了解测试情况,对仪器进行远程操作,如开始测试、终止测试或修改测试参数设定等;使用远程智能开关对室内电源和照明进行远程控制,方便夜间观察和关闭不需要的用电负荷,为减轻实验室人员工作量,提高工作效率,随时了解实验室情况及仪器测试进程、及时调整测试参数、减少能耗等提供了方便。还介绍了Teamviewer软件在数据处理上的应用。