交流示波极谱图重现性的研究

本文用集成运放为主要元件改进了交流示波极谱的实验线路,并用该线路在严格控制实验条件的情况下,对交流示波极谱图的重现性进行了系统的研究。实验表明,交流示波极谱图的重现性良好,可将其用于有机化合物及有机药物的定性鉴定。     

交流示波极谱图的频谱分析

当交流电流密度很大时,“E-t”曲线出现上下电位时滞平阶,示波图两端将有稳定亮点,这时的“E-t”曲线由一系列高次谐波组成。本文首次利用富里叶变换对交流示波极谱图进行频谱分析,并将此频谱用于分析测试。 1 底液“E-t”曲线的频谱分析     

影响交流示波极谱中和滴定终点示波图变化的因素 Ⅱ.交流电频率

本文报道交流电频率对示波极谱中和滴定终点时示波图变化的影响,指出各种变化方式取决于io/f比。     

三论影响交流示波极谱中和滴定终点示波图变化的因素

本文对交流示波极谱中和滴定终点示波图变化的规律作了系统的说明,并对其它因素直流电位,微分线路及卤素离子的吸附)的影响进行了讨论。     

交流示波极谱法中i_f-E曲线的研究——Ⅷ.“电极/溶液”界面动态双电层微分电容的快速测量

“电极/溶液”界面动态双电层微分电容是电极过程动力学中一个重要的物理量.但其测量方法.多数仍停留在对逐一测定的数据点进行作图分析上.本文以i(?)-E曲线上电流峰的理论公式为基础,提出了一个快速测量“电极/溶液”界面动态双电层微分电容的新方法.     

三角波交流示波极谱的研究(Ⅰ)——示波极谱图的性质

用三角波电流代替正弦波电流,进行交流示波极谱滴定,所得示波极谱图与正弦波结果相似。对一些离子的滴定表明,两法所得结果均在定量分析允许误差范围以内。报道了三角波交流示波极谱图的一些性质。     

硅表面有机单分子膜的新表征方法──界面微分电容测量法

提出一种表征硅表面有机单分子膜的新方法界面微分电容测量法.通过对新制备的H-Si(111)表面和一系列烯烃分子修饰的硅表面/电解液界面的微分电容的研究,建立了硅表面有机膜结构和性质与界面电容之间的联系.实践证明这是一个简便、快速和有效的实验技术,为硅表面化学修饰与功能化研究提供了一个非常有力的工具.     

Adsorption of deamidated antibody variants on macroporous and dextran-grafted cation exchangers: II. Adsorption kinetics

Single and multicomponent batch adsorption kinetics were obtained for deamidated mAb variants on two commercial cation exchangers, one with an open macroporous structure--UNOsphere S--and the other with charged dextran grafts--Capto S. The adsorption kinetics for the macroporous matrix was found to be controlled largely by pore diffusion. The effective diffusivity estimated from single component data was a fraction of the mAb free solution diffusivity, and its value could be used to accurately predict the adsorption kinetics for two- and three-component systems. In this case, when two or more variants were adsorbed simultaneously, both experimental and predicted results showed a temporary overshoot of the amount adsorbed above the equilibrium value for the more deamidated variant followed by a gradual approach to equilibrium. Adsorption rates on the dextran grafted material were much faster than those observed for the macroporous matrix for both single component and simultaneous adsorption cases. In this case, no significant overshoot was observed for the more deamidated forms. The Capto S adsorption kinetics could be described well by a diffusion model with an adsorbed phase driving force for single component adsorption and for the simultaneous adsorption of multiple variants. However, this model failed to predict the adsorption kinetics when more deamidated forms pre-adsorbed on the resin were displaced by less deamidated ones. In this case, the kinetics of the displacement process was much slower indicating that the pre-adsorbed components severely hindered transport of the more strongly bound variants. Overall, the results indicate that despite the lower capacity, the macroporous resin may be more efficient in process applications where displacement of one variant by another takes place as a result of the faster and more predictable kinetics.     

高灵敏宽温区吸附热测定装置的建立

 描述了一个适于气／固体系的宽温区、高灵敏的微分吸附热测定装置．在该装置中，吸附放热由Setaram公司热流式微量热量计测定，吸附量由MKS公司电容式压力传感器测定．此外，设计、制作了可在高真空和宽温区内进行吸附热测定的试样池以及对高活泼金属催化剂进行预处理的试样处理池．用标准物质对热量计进行了标定．为验证该装置对吸附热测定的可靠性，测定了H2在Pt／SiO2和γ－Mo2N上的吸附热，所得结果与文献值一致．数据的误差分析结果表明，吸附热测定的相对误差在4％以内．     

Comparison of Adsorption Capacity of p-Cresol & p-Nitrophenol by Activated Carbon in Single and Double Solute

Adsorption of p-Cresol and p-Nitrophenol by untreated activated carbon in single and multisolute solutions was carried out at 301 K and at controlled pH conditions. In acidic conditions, well below the pK _a of both solutes, it was observed that the adsorbate solubility and the electron density of aromatic rings influenced the extent of adsorption by affecting the extent of London dispersion forces. The fitted parameters obtained from single-solute Langmuir equation show that Q _max and the adsorption affinity of carbon for the compound with low pK _a decrease more significantly. In higher solution pH conditions, on the other hand, it was found that electrostatic forces played a significant role on the extent of adsorption. The presence of another compound decreases Q _max and the adsorption affinity of carbon for the principal compound. The effect of pH, on the carbon surface and on the solute molecules, must be considered. Adsorption of the solute at higher pH values was found to be dependent on the concentration of anionic form of the solute. The isotherm data were fitted to the Langmuir isotherm equation for both single and double solute solutions.     

片层花状氧化镁的制备及其吸附性能研究

本文以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为结构导向剂,利用尿素在高温条件下受热分解生成的二氧化碳与氯化镁反应,通过层-层自组装制备出具有片层花状结构的氧化镁,并以其对含Pb(Ⅱ)溶液的吸附为探针反应,研究其对重金属离子的吸附性能。实验结果表明,所制备氧化镁的前驱体为碱式碳酸镁;经过600 ℃焙烧后,得到的片层花状氧化镁比表面积大于60 m²·g^-1,具有良好的吸附性能;对含Pb(II)溶液的吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附,最大吸附量达到320 mg·g^-1。     

片层花状氧化镁的制备及其吸附性能研究

本文以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)作为结构导向剂,利用尿素在高温条件下受热分解生成的二氧化碳与氯化镁反应,通过层-层自组装制备出具有片层花状结构的氧化镁,并以其对含Pb(Ⅱ)溶液的吸附为探针反应,研究其对重金属离子的吸附性能。实验结果表明,所制备氧化镁的前驱体为碱式碳酸镁;经过600℃焙烧后,得到的片层花状氧化镁比表面积大于60 m2.g-1,具有良好的吸附性能;对含Pb(II)溶液的吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附,最大吸附量达到320 mg.g-1。     

Dielectric Spectroscopy Can Predict the Effect of External AC Fields on the Dynamic Adsorption of Lysozyme

This report describes the application of dielectric spectroscopy as a simple and fast way to guide protein adsorption experiments. Specifically, the polarization behavior of a layer of adsorbed lysozyme was investigated using a triangular-wave signal with frequencies varying from 0.5 to 2 Hz. The basic experiment, which can be performed in less than 5 min and with a single sample, not only allowed confirming the susceptibility of the selected protein towards the electric signal but also identified that this protein would respond more efficiently to signals with lower frequencies. To verify the validity of these observations, the adsorption behavior of lysozyme onto optically transparent carbon electrodes was also investigated under the influence of an applied alternating potential. In these experiments, the applied signal was defined by a sinusoidal wave with an amplitude of 100 mV and superimposed to +800 mV (applied as a working potential) and varying the frequency in the 0.1–10000 Hz range. The experimental data showed that the greatest adsorbed amounts of lysozyme were obtained at the lowest tested frequencies (0.1–1.0 Hz), results that are in line with the corresponding dielectric features of the protein.     

碳纳米管负载的铂催化剂对柠檬醛选择加氢及CO微分吸附热研究

碳纳米管(CNTs)是近年来发现的一种新型催化剂载体材料,将其作为α,β-不饱和醛的选择加氢的研究则报道较少．本文对柠檬醛[Citral,3,7-二甲基-2,6-辛二烯醛(3,7-Dimethyl-2,6-octadienal)]在Pt／CNTs和Pt／XC-72催化剂作用下的液相选择加氢进行了探索性研究．结果发现,碳纳米管(CNTs)负载的Pt催化剂具有生成不饱和醇的高选择性．     

Study of Static Adsorption Capacity of ACF for Xenon at 201 K

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活性炭的zeta电位对各种染料吸附的影响3．活性炭对阴离子染料洋红的吸附

测定了在不同pH下活性炭吸附阴离子染料洋红的变化规律,发现活性炭表面的电位(ζ对洋红吸附量的影响起着重要作用.当溶液pH小于活性炭的零电位pH(pHZPC=6.2)时,活性炭表面带正电,它对洋红阴离子具有静电引力,而当pH增大时活性炭的ζ电位下降,静电引力减弱,使得吸附量下降;另一方面由于洋红变色(pH3.5橙色,～pH6.8玫瑰红)后,洋红的溶解度增大,所以导致吸附量很快下降并趋于零.通过活性炭对洋红在不同pH下的吸附动力学和吸附热力学参数的估算,进一步揭示了活性炭在不同pH下对洋红的吸附机理.